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27. Listening to Lectures - Anel Pre-Class

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27. Listening to Lectures - ANSWERED_steps

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27. Listening to Lectures - Lesson Materials 2022

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Step 1

The purpose of a lecture is to give you a general overview of the topic; this should support you with your more detailed reading.  | True
The purpose of a lecture is to allow the lecturer to give their personal opinion, often using anecdote.   | False
The purpose of a lecture is to help you to explore a topic on which you will later be assessed.  | True
The purpose of a lecture is to suggest academic sources which are worth reading.  | True
The purpose of a lecture is to give examples to help you to understand and remember.   | True
The purpose of a lecture is to provide students with exactly the ideas and information which they should write in their essays.  | False

Step 2

Thinking (T)        | Searching (S)      | Reading (R)
(a) (e) (g)             | (c) (f)                     | (b)  (d)

Step 3

1. What is tax?

Money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services. People pay tax according to their income and businesses pay tax according to their profits. Tax is also often paid on goods and services.

2. Where does tax come from?
Tax is imposition financial charge which levied upon a taxpayer by Government authorities for benefit of people in the country

3. What is wealth?

A large amount of money, property, etc. that a person or country owns

4. What is wealth tax?

A tax that only very rich people have to pay

5. What is inheritance?

The money, property, etc. that you receive from somebody when they die; the fact of receiving something when somebody dies.

6. What is inheritance tax?

Tax that you must pay on the money or property that you receive from somebody when they die.

7. What is the link between tax, wealth and inheritance?

All of them implies paying to the government.

Step 4

1. Is it easy to see what the key points were? Why?

Yes, it was easy because the lecturer enumerates the objectives of tax and mention the main points in each one.

2. Is it easy to see what the overall message was? Why?

Yes, because there were examples to a better understanding of the topic.

3. Are these going to be useful notes in a week from now? Why?

Yes, because the objectives and uses of tax will be the same in the next years.

4. How can this person make their notes clearer/more useful?

Making a distinction between the different objectives of tax and writing the examples the lecturer mentioned. Also, connect the ideas between them and their purpose.

Step 5

PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION

Tax -> Wealth

OBJECTIVES OF TAX

(1)  Revenue -> public services

public goods

(2)  Regulate behaviour

(3)  Equality -> Social justice

(4)  Management of the economy

Wealth:

“The command a person has over economic resources.” (James, 2009)

“stock” of resources. (The inventory)

Income: “flow” of resources.

TAXING WEALTH (They are not new, goes back through the history)

Rome, 167 BCE

The ‘tributum’; based on the census

0.1% to 0.3% of property value

Rome 6 AD

5% inheritance tax; Roman citizens

‘Poor’ and their close relatives exempt.

Britain, 13th century

‘ad hoc’ tax on moveable goods, coins, metal, weapons

Clothes and amour exempt.

MODERN WEALTH TAXES

19th century European experiments with wealth tax usually ended up in abolition.

1990s + abolition:

Austria; Denmark (1995); Germany (1997), Finland (2006); Luxemburg (2006); Sweden (2007)

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If it is easier then upload notes separately but make sure you include your name