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a plot is the sequence of events that make up a story.

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the background information on the characters and setting explained at the beginning of the story.

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the section of a story that leads toward its climax.

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the point of highest dramatic tension or a major turning point in the action.

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the period after the dramatic confrontation of the climax.

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the end of the story.

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the time and place in which a story is told.

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The protagonist works toward the central story goals, while the antagonist works against the goals.

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thwarted, endangered, or opposing desire.

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Oregon State University - School of Writing, Literature and Film

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"What is Conflict in Literature?": A Literary Guide for English Students and Teachers

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when a character struggles with their own opposing desires or beliefs.

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Linguistic choices made by a writer to convey an idea or point of view, or tell a story, in an effective way.

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the set of rules that determines the arrangement of words in a sentence.

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DENOTATION: The direct definition of the word that you find in the dictionary.
CONNOTATION: The emotional suggestions of a word, that is not literal.

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Denotation and connotation literary devices, explained with examples.

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reflects the writer’s attitude toward the subject matter or audience of a literary work

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emotional response that the writer wishes to evoke in the reader through a story.

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interruptions that writers do to insert past events, in order to provide background or context to the current events of a narrative.

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literary device that writers utilize as a means to indicate or hint to readers something that is to follow or appear later in a story.

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the repetition of grammatical elements in writing and speaking.

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a struggle that takes place between the main character and some outside force.

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involves two characters struggling against each other.

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an individual chooses to or is forced to fight against their society or community.

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an external struggle positioning the character against an animal or a force of nature.

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when a protagonist is facing machines or technology and must prevail against it.

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the main idea or underlying meaning a writer explores in a novel, short story, or other literary work.

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Direct comparison of two UNLIKE things using "like" or "as".
He's as slow as a tortoise.

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A direct comparison between two unlike things WHITHOUT using "like" or "as".
She's the giggle at a funeral.

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A version of metaphor that extends over the course of multiple lines, paragraphs, or stanzas of prose or poetry.

Hope and a bird.

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Giving a non-human thing human characteristics.
The clouds wept in the storm.

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EXTREME exaggeration.
Your mama is so ugly that didn't give her a costume when she auditioned for Star Wars.

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A literary device that uses symbols, be they words, people, marks, locations, or abstract ideas to represent something.
Bald eagle represents America.

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Point of view (POV) is what the character or narrator telling the story can see (his or her perspective).

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The narrator is a person in the story, telling the story from their own point of view using "I", "me", "we", and "us".

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Second-person point of view is a form of writing that addresses the onlooker or reader directly using "you", "your", and "yours".

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The narrator reports the events that take place without knowing the motivations or thoughts of any of the characters.

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A method of storytelling in which the narrator knows only the thoughts and feelings of a single character, while other characters are presented only externally.

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The teller of the tale, who often appears to speak with the voice of the author himself, assumes an omniscient (all-knowing) perspective on the story being told: diving into private thoughts, narrating secret or hidden events.

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A self-contradicting word or group of words.
Less is more.

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0:00 / 1:00•Watch full video

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Oxymoron - Figure of Speech | Definition with Examples

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The substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.
She's on the streets.

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Literary Device | Euphemism | O/L English Literature

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A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.
Is there an Einstein in your physics class?

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The repetition of vowel sounds across a line of text or poetry.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. (I and e)

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What is assonance? 🤔 | Assonance in English | Learn with examples

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Useful poetic device in which certain sounds are repeated at the beginning of words in a sentence or phrase.
She sells sea shells by the seashore.

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Poetic Devices: Alliteration - Examples & Meaning

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An expression that was once innovative but has lost its novelty due to overuse.
Better late than never.

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Cliché - Meaning, Pronunciation, Examples | How to pronounce Cliché in American English

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A widely used saying or expression that contains a figurative meaning that is different from the phrase's literal meaning.

It's raining cats and dogs.

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Idioms | Award Winning Teaching Video | What Is An Idiom? | Figurative Language

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A play on words, centering on a word with more than one meaning or words that sound alike.
A bicycle can't stand on its own because it is two-tired.

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What are puns? 🤔 | Puns in English | Learn with examples

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When there are two contradicting meanings of the same situation, event, image, sentence, phrase, or story.  In many cases, this refers to the difference between expectations and reality.

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Irony Simplified | Verbal Irony, Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony | Literary Device

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Figure of speech in which a speaker says one thing but means another.

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Irony involving a situation in which actions have an effect that is opposite from what was intended, so that the outcome is contrary to what was expected.

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A situation in which the audience or reader has a better understanding of events than the characters in a story do.

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The art of using language to persuade, motivate, or inform an audience via writing or speech.

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Rhetoric | Definition |Example |Function |

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A rhetorical device that includes any content in an argument that is meant to appeal to ethics.

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An element in rhetoric or artistic expression that elicits feelings of sympathy, compassion, pity, or sorrow from an audience.

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A rhetorical device that includes any content in an argument that is meant to appeal to logic.

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A writer’s tool, or “literary device” that occurs any time the author uses details to teach us about a person.

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A method of describing the character in a straightforward manner.

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The process by which the personality of a fictitious character is revealed through the character's speech, actions, appearance.

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A type of character who remains largely the same throughout the course of the storyline.

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A literary or dramatic character who undergoes an important inner change.

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A character with little to no complex emotions, motivations, or personality.

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Are major characters in a story, who encounter contradictory situations, and undergo transformation during this phase.