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The Minoan civilization, one of the earliest in Europe, begins on the island of Crete. Known for their advanced architecture, art, and trade, the Minoans significantly influenced Greek culture.

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c. 1450 BC: Mycenaean Civilization Flourishes

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c. 1450 BC: Mycenaean Civilization Flourishes

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The Mycenaean civilization rises to prominence on the Greek mainland. They are known for their fortified palace complexes and are featured in Homer’s epic poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey.

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According to legend, the Greek forces led by King Agamemnon wage war against the city of Troy in Asia Minor. This event is later immortalized by Homer in his epic poem, the Iliad.

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Following the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, Greece enters a period of decline known as the Dark Ages. Little is known about this era, but it was marked by reduced population and fewer records.

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_CONTENT 1_ THE DARK AGES AND THE ARCHAIC PERIOD (1)

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The first Olympic Games are held in Olympia in honor of Zeus. These games become a central aspect of Greek culture and remain a symbol of unity and competition.

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Let's discover how ancient Greeks lived, what they ate or how they spent their free time

EVERYDAY LIFE IN ANCIENT GREECE

let's go!

Entertainment

Food

Houses/Fashion

Women

Education

Society

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c. 750 BC: Homer Writes the Iliad and the Odyssey

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c. 750 BC: Homer Writes the Iliad and the Odyssey

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Homer, one of the greatest ancient Greek poets, writes the Iliad and the Odyssey. These epic poems become foundational texts in Western literature.

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Cleisthenes implements democratic reforms in Athens, allowing citizens to participate in decision-making. This marks the beginning of one of history’s earliest known democracies.

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ACTIVITY 1: PERICLES VIDEO, QUESTIONNAIRE

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During the first Persian invasion of Greece, the Athenians achieve a significant victory at the Battle of Marathon. This battle demonstrates the effectiveness of the Greek hoplite army.

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A protracted and destructive conflict between Athens and Sparta, and their respective allies. The war eventually results in the downfall of Athens and shifts power to Sparta.

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336 BC: Alexander the Great Becomes King of Macedon

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336 BC: Alexander the Great Becomes King of Macedon

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Following the assassination of his father, King Philip II, Alexander the Great ascends to the throne and begins a series of military campaigns that create one of the largest empires in ancient history.

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PRESENTATION

1.- CLASSICAL GREECE 2.- THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD

ATHENS

Solon

Cleisthenes

Draco

At the beginning of the archaic period most city states were governed by rich landowners called "Aristocrats". This type of government is known by "Aristocracy" , which means "rule by the important people"

Sometimes "aristocrats" chose respected important people to govern. This is called an "Oligarchy",which means "rule by a few"

Little by little, merchants and craftsmen began to prosper and also wanted to take part of the government so this led to riots between different social groups

To bring peace between these social groups, sometimes it was necessary to let one powerful man rule alone, this was called "Tyrant"

Some important "tyrants" in Athens were Draco, Solon and Cleisthenes.

Draco (621BC)set very severe laws , which led to death even for minor crimes so today we have the expression "Draconian measures" to mean that something is very strict.

Solon (594BC) reformed the law so that the poor could live better and gave citizens a say in the city's affairs.

Cleisthenes ( 508BC) introduced a new system of government called Democracy.

ATHENS

The law Click on the image to know more

Pericles. Click on the image to watch a video

Ostracism. Click on the image to know more

Athenian Democracy. Click on the picture to watch the video

The democracy in Athens

A military State

SPARTA

Alexander the Great: The Helenistic world

A soldier's life

The Peloponnesian Wars

The government in Sparta

Sparta: A Military State

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CLASSICAL GREECE AND THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD

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CLASSICAL GREECE AND THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD