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Natalie Eppelsheimer, Uwe Küchler and Charlotte Melin

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Claiming the Language Ecotone: Translinguality, Resilience, and the Environmental Humanities on JSTOR

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Natalie Eppelsheimer, Uwe Küchler, Charlotte Melin, Claiming the Language Ecotone: Translinguality, Resilience, and the Environmental Humanities, Resilience: A Journal of the Environmental Humanities, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Fall 2014)

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https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/10OjpZJH5Z4P5lo9o_xd1vGWMridS8Rys

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https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/10OjpZJH5Z4P5lo9o_xd1vGWMridS8Rys

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Paraverbal communication is defined as the messages conveyed by taking a crucial account of the tone, pitch, and voices' pace (speed) of the person delivering the messages. In paraverbal communication, the emphasis is placed on specific words, phrases, or pauses while speaking, as well as the inflection, speed, pitch, and tone of voice. During message delivery, paraverbal communication deals with 'how' the messages are delivered, rather than 'what' the messages delivered. It put a stronger emphasis on the way a person delivers their words or messages, rather than the content of the words or messages.

Paraverbal communication involves the inculcation of all of the signals in communication that deal with one's voice modulation. Voice modulation in this context refers to the way a person controls or adjusts his or her voice in a way that makes their voice sounds louder or softer, faster or slower, and dramatic or emotional. Without voice modulation, the message delivery process will sound bland and monotonous. The inculcation of dealing with voice modulation in paraverbal communication highlights the use of tone, pitch, and pacing of the voice in promoting the delivery of intelligible messages efficiently and effectively, thus avoiding the listeners to lose focus and become bored.

What is Paraverbal Communication

The use of paraverbal communication alongside non-verbal communication is concurrent with verbal communication where it may greatly influence the way the messages will be interpreted. Depending on the emphasis on words, the tone, pitch, and speed of one's voice highlighted by the paraverbal communication concept, a sentence may express entirely different meanings. For instance, the phrase "I didn't mean that you were slow" comprises several varying interpretations where it depends on which words the speaker emphasized in his speech.

The emphasis on paraverbal communication plays a crucial role in how effective, successful, and convincing one's communication is. Paraverbal skills are those that focus on how fast a person says something, the tone, and the pitch of the voice. It is produced in a more subconscious manner where there is less control compared to verbal communication. The signals for paraverbal communication are transmitted in a more genuine and distinct manner. In mastering effective communication skills, it is highly recommended for a person to be good at both verbal, non-verbal, and paraverbal communication skills.

Paraverbal Communication 3 Key Components

In promoting powerful engagement, paraverbal communication plays an important role in enhancing the conversation or speech to be more impactful. In speaking, verbal communication which involves using words alone is not enough to promote effective communication. There are other aspects that are crucial to be mentioned where this falls under the non-verbal and paraverbal communication aspects. In striving to become a good speaker and communicator, paraverbal communication serves a huge role as it influences how the audiences see and define the person speaking.

There are three key components of paraverbal communication that help to ensure that one is incorporating it efficiently in his or her communication. The 3 key components are as followed:

People will notice and respond to the pitch of one's voice when listening to a speech or engage in a conversation to guess the speaker's character, attitude, and feeling. The variation in the pitch may help to keep the other party engaged better in communication as well as enhancing their interest to listen to the messages delivered. The variation of pitch (using both high pitch and low pitch) can be inculcated by encompassing all ranges of vocal cords by relaxing the throat when speaking.

Tone refers to the combination of various pitches to develop and build a mood, as well as conveying the speakers' messages meaningfully. When speaking or conversing, it is recommended to speak with more inflections in the voice, rather than speaking monotonously. If one did not adjust the way the words sound at various times when reading a speech, it can appear off as flat and sound monotonous.

The tone of the voice may also influence the mood of the conversation or speech. When inculcating variation in tones, it can improve the listeners' engagement in the conversation or speech that takes place. As one talks gently, people are more likely to pay attention to oneself, whereas when the voice is raised, this may give off a different vibe.

The tone and emotional content of the message are also affected by speed. When having a presentation, speaking at a fast pace may give the impression to the audience that the speaker is anxious because when one feels scared, the speech will naturally speed up. On the other hand, slowing down the speech moderately will express a sense of relaxation and power. When a speaker uses pauses, it indicates that the words spoken are significant while still provide the listener with the time to think about what the speaker has said before the silence.

Paraverbal Communication Examples

On the other hand, when a person is feeling bored or down, the pace of the speech tends to be slow and monotonous. This may also affect the listeners because messages delivered in a monotonous tone and slow pace may sound boring and less engaging. When we pay attention to a speaker's paraverbal messages, we will learn how he or she is feeling and how strong the feeling is. We may also establish hunches about what the speaker is communicating by paying close attention to body language and non-verbal messages.

In research conducted to test whether a person is lying, paraverbal communication serves as a good indicator of the conscious attempt to deceive by paying attention to the inflection, intonation, and emphasis of words. The wrong inflection, intonation, or emphasis assist to alert the researchers to the fact that someone is not telling the truth. For example, when a person's voice is trembling and a few octaves higher than usual, it may seem obvious that the person is telling lies or trying to make up a story to sound convincing.

A past study also depicts that paraverbal communication is impactful on one's leadership charisma perception. For example, in a company management, how words were delivered by the employer has a huge impact on the employee's perspective on him or her. When giving a presentation to the executive stakeholders, it is important to use the right tone that is not monotonous, moderate pace in speaking with the right pauses and emphasis, as well as variation in pitch in making the presentation more engaging.

Another instance of assessing a speaker through a paraverbal communication lens is when the speech sounds abrupt and the speaker's tone is in higher octaves, this may depict that the speaker is feeling defensive. The way a person uses the words (tone, speed, and pitch) plays a crucial role in how the message is perceived by the listener. However, the truth and the real meaning are something subjective and can be highly influenced by the listeners' perspectives.

Importance of Paraverbal Communication

Besides that, by employing the right paraverbal skills in communication, one can demonstrate a model character and make themselves more appealing to others. This is highly important in daily life as this may influence the way others view us which builds their perceptions towards the speaker's personality. Paraverbal communication is also important in assessing one's confidence. One's voice sounds coherent and well enunciated when one is sure of themselves and the content at which he or she deliver, as well as when they feel calm and optimistic. In the context of the career field, this may improve the opportunities to showcase one's plus point and talent because the way a person speaks influenced the engagement, interest, and perception of the listener.

Paraverbal communication is also deemed as vital to enhance one's ability in understanding the perspectives of others, executing, and solving a problem in a team for a project, department, or organization as a whole. For instance, when the employer gives orders to the employee, the tone of voice in which he express his orders is also as important as the particular words used. This can assist the employee to guess the mood of the employer and take suitable action based on the orders and the mood of the employer. In an organization, effective communication is vital to avoid conflict from happening which may disrupt the quality of the project.

How to Improve Paraverbal Communication

There are several ways that can be implemented to improve one's paraverbal communication skills. For instance, when preparing for a speech, one should not only prepare the text of the speech, but also practice in front of others in ensuring that the paraverbal skills are on-point by listening to the comments and feedback from others. By practicing using this method, it may help in building confidence, be more prepared, and improve not only verbal skills, but also paraverbal and non-verbal skills.

In addition, the easiest way to improve paraverbal communication skills is by recording the presentation or conversation and listen to it back. By inculcating this method, one can look back and listen to the pitch, tone, and pace of his or her voice in the presentation and make reflection to further improve and enhance the paraverbal communication skills.

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Paraverbal Communication Explained with Examples | ProjectPractical.com

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Paraverbal Communication Definition Paraverbal communication is defined as the messages conveyed by taking a crucial account of the tone, pitch, and voices' pace (speed) of...

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1. Action on the street
2. Introduction: jungle of voices (of langugages) - an invitation to participate in different languages ​​spoken simultaneously; trying to pronounce the invitation in Hungarian (Meghívlak a stúdióba. Kövess engem), a sentence written on the hand
3. Warm up: a) throwing the ball and saying your name, b) throwing the ball, naming a body part in own language and moving that body part.
4. Doing (person A) - saying (translator/ person B)- doing (person C): the participants of the meeting could join the translators (person B) or person C
5. Ethymology tree and polifonia (polyphony) (doing at the same time): the participants of the meeting could change groups several times
6. Sharing the reflexions/ experience in pairs: speaking, listening, ev. coping the movement of the speaker
7. Sharing the reflexions in the circle with the hole group

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Multimodality of the communikation: movement and graphic (task based on Montessori Dance Guide)
German phrases as a text: from the text to the sequence of movements
1. Number the movements from the sequence that was created in reaction to the German phrases.
2. Create graphic signs that you associate with these movements
3. Draw the path of movements and write it using graphic signs

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Summary of the first days

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Create movement to the three phrases in German (instructions to the quality of movement). Based on the sound, accent, phonetic realization, the creation of the movements.

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A course in Cognitive Linguistics: Cognitive Grammar

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George Lakoff on Embodied Cognition and Language

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Q2/ Information from others:
Florent
- improvising some intrusion to audience - destabilizing or a lot of fun: to jump in the personal space of others
- fun of polyphony practice

Joanna:
-  waiting for the results of the sharing - what came of it

Miša:
uncomfortable beginning in public space - different approaches for some comfortable and for some not
- likes for polyphony: tuning together and rapping
- Florent sharing about feeling of blurriness in different fields of life

Bartek:
- street part> using international words for basic understanding {misa}
- proposing different rhythm or tone of voice in polyphony practice {Flo}
- moment of English disturbing, loosing focus of people {misa}

Q2/ What are new things, thoughts and sensations that came to you?
Joanna:
- I saw the tension in the body of participants in positive way {in signalized the engagement} positive tension of the body
- active participation in the second task, people are engaged to go into different groups and change the groups
- the warm up was a little bit different for the people, they have crossed the barrier, it was not easy for them. they tried and they managed.

Bartek:
- polyphonia - keeping going help to find out, more time is fruitful, it is possible to go on in foreign languages, they need information before
- option to go into public space, not remaining in studio
- do and say and say and do practice -  idea of developing of multitasking skill, position of translator not needed, because it is somehow explanatory, becomes more about copying, less about trying to understand
-using same gestures helps understand

Florent:
- 4 voices beginning as potential power and fun
- polyphony - shared - including the new person coming in the circle - thin balance of trust of people
- care position of us - less in what we are doing - safe space requires a lot of attention and big thing to make

Miša:
- feelings of:
effort to understand - state of comfortable, fun, allowing yourself not to understand
- people need to be brave, it is demanding
- some information written so that by-passers can get more information in which game (event) they can participate
- need to clarity and eye-contact
- translator being part of the situation, widening. Translator needed - creates a different connection between the members of the group.
- understandable - add some Hungarian words - bridge words to add - like the things at the beginning " .... studio .."
- performance before the sharing in the street - building a path to go in
- jungle of voices - made the people understand what will happen before - overwhelming at the beginning possibly allowing to let go
- sharing as a connective moment for the group of participants
- order of safeness - playful mode opening one - switch say and do with polyphony and e. tree

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Q1/ Informations from people outside of the project:
- Joanna:
sometimes you don't need the language / you can relate to eye contact, body language, every signal is a communication
- no feedback to the speaking during the sharing is frustrating for the listener {feels impolite}
- jungle of voices downstairs / introduction/ like kakophonia
- polyphonia brought joy

Flo:
What seems for us fine, can be challenging for the people
/f.e. people not speaking English
Dori was very uncomfortable with Flo communicating in French with her
- what feels as a game for us could be percieved as unpolite and uncomfortable
- jungle of voices - it had a strong colorful power

Bartek:
gesture of drying hand / people has sensation of keeping hands open and having the writing on them
- Judith mentioned challenging experience
- Gergely unpelitenes percieved while sharing
- Dori knowing things before - was easier to feel more interested and fine
- Gergely more comfortable in polyphonic then etymology tree
- Judith excitement of finding common word in polyphonic

Misa:
- moving along the scale understanding - notunderstanding
- braveness openesse needed from the participants
- romantic wish of having an universal language
- unclusive games of polyphony and e. tree
- language as a barrier
- funny factor

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-Do we want to make a commentary on the existing dynamics of language and incomprehension?
- Do we want to create a different language? A mixture of many
- Do we want to create scientific-artistic concepts?
- Do we base the work on physicality or the concepts?
-Creating a sensation or a commentary?

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Making sure everyone understands - as if on a group rescue boat - going slowly in different directions

https://www.tiktok.com/@dafnenavarrol/video/6780877489578249477?lang=en

Jumpings

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Annoying - Notknowing- Fast growing up
Boring-Boiling-Drawning Down

Rakoczi - Mamroczy - Zamroczy mnie

Kelmann - Killman - pas mal

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mental spaces -
frames
scenarios - I know what the steps are, what to do, and what to say
context - social space eg. restaurant - resetraunt- restrain
scripts -
\possible direction of organizing material
key words
- perspective
-point of view
- focus points
- profile - setting profiles - for example stressing the part of the sentence; understanding terms
- choosing colors for meanings
-
Foreground/background
Example: How do you feel today?

How can I create this structure/How can I create destruction?

Researchers:
Roland Langacker (Cognitive Grammar)
Gilles Foucannier/ Mark Turner (Conceptual blending)

to bring things together
Host a language

Put the concepts together to create something new.
Put system of metaphors.

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Florent: pink hole logic - void of illogical
wir, gravity. working on body level, wanted to play in speech

calmy enjoying the difference if there is a connective point, similar - impro rule

Misa Florent - enjoy the inner logic of action of absurdity

Misa
to develop the rules you need to know them,

Joanna
redefinition, transformation, recontextualisation of three tasks: a new format for the familiar actions

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Imagine you are the visitor in the studio of the Thursday sharing:
- What is your strongest memory after the sharing?
- What else has happened there?
- What elements were in the space?
- What new things you have found out?
- Describe one situation with a specific person other than you that has taken place.

Imagine you took care of the preparation of the Thursday event:
- How do you feel after the sharing?
- Are you expectations satisfied? What were they?
- What opportunities did the sharing brought to you? How did it inform the research?
-Which elements of the whole research process you decided to share?
- Which experience - specific situation was the strongest most intensive that you have shared with the people that came to the studio and shared their time and attention with you?

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Question that were shared with Zuza and Florent to find out things about project

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Qi gong excersize
- forms without talking

Isolated movements:
1. Move only one part of the body at the time
2. " + describe out loud what is exactly moving at the time
3. Three roles:
- one person only moves one part of the body at the time
- second person only observe first person and describes what is exactly moving
- third person with closed eyes listens to the instruction and moves according to that

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LISTING OUT THE PARAVERBALS:
HMM, YHMM, M-M. A, BA!, BUAH...

GESTURES OF CONSENT
Movement proposal with sound for continuation

IN PROXIMITY with eyes closed
Sensing next steps

PERSON TALKING OTHER REACTING with Paraverbals

REFLECTIONS
Is it really used for communicating things?
Maybe it creates an atmosphere - a Harmonization with the other
Paraverbals just to sustain dialogue
when the not-knowing/not-understanding is reaching it's limit than preverbal comes for being back on the track - having more understanding (Moment from lip moving to vocalizing the text by Joanna, same in Florent case)

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14-14:15 Check-in
14:15-15:00 Warm up (Miša)
15:05 -15:50 Interrupted Reading
15:55-17:00 Contract

17-18:30 dinner

18:30-18:45 nap
18:45-19:30 etymology tree
19:35-20:20 Joanna sharing
20:30-21:00 check out + schedule for next days

Miša - Warm up person [WUP]

Bartosz - Time Keeper [TK] and Whatsapp Person [WHAP)]

Joanna - Water and Snack Person [WASP]

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10h Meeting with Timy and Gergely from Workshop Foundation (check of the lights and technique)
11h30 shared warm-up in different languages shaped by Florent with Timy
12h25 exercises about paraverbal communication
(1. encounters of two people: e-hm, m-m
2. movement paraverbal dialogue in close distance with closed eyes
3. one talking in foreigh language, others realating in paraverbal communitacionn)
13h45 check out.
14h14 End.

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Different Languages:
- French: éléments d'échauffement de Karine Ponties.
- Portuguese: Mastigar Corpo e Espaço
- Polish: joga powięziowa, fascia and release yoga
- Hungarian: Stretched out Limbs/ Kifeszített Végtagok
- Czech: ...

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Space Recognition through:
as a way to find yourself in a new space

Light

Shape

Colour

Texture

Relations

Playing with Detailed and Big Frame Vision

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10-11:15 check in + warm up
from sitting bones to isolated movements (bartek)
11:20-11:50 individual text work
11:50-12:10 pink hole (Flo)
12:10-12:50 comenntary reading (Ania+Flo)
13-14 go back to evening moves and share the approach
14-15:30 lunch
15:30-15:50 nap
15:50-16:50 etymological semantic development + etymological voice development (recorded)
17-17:30 check out

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Speheres in joints.

Sitting_
Head. Arms. Chest. Elbow.Wrists
Move inside or outside a sphere.
Different sizes of the sphere.
Articulation in isolation

In pairs: 1. Points a place in the space where 2 have to reach with a body part // 1. Puts a palm on a 2 body part from which 2 has to avoid around the sphere

Practice Temporalities of Actions:
Say and after do the movement
Say and move at the same time
Move and than say what you did

Reflections:
Say before or after and move - Reflective, suspended state of body. "I am too slow" Miša avoiding Florent's step

Say and move - more organic for Florent and Miša

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Wstep do slowotworstwa w ramach gramatyki opisowej jezyka polskiego na studiach polonistycznych

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I am sending you/ Posílám vám  the results of my search. Of course, that's part of it. It's work in progress :)/ Pracuje se :)

https://babaodpolskiego.pl/slowotworstwo-pojecia-definicje/

I uwielbiam tę serię wykładów:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ONV38l39PsE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpmmtCgxXMk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3w_5riFCMGA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-0Cvh51Fk8

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demo

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09:30 coffee with Gergely
10/10:30-11:30 warm up (Miška)
11:30-13:00 Mapping Continuation and Finding Directions + Texts
14:00 walking talking

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10-11 warm up+check in (Bartosz)
11-13 word vomit continuation (Flo)
From the word vomit automatic writing we create some short improvised conference setting à la ted talk.
13-14 lunch with Agnez
14-15.38 word vomit with Agnez and Laura
15.38-16 check out

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Discussing the contract, needs with Anna

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Discussing the contract, needs with Anna

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Emotional needs - discussing and reaching the agreement with Anna

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Emotional needs - discussing and reaching the agreement with Anna

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Visual notices of recorded TEDtalks of Agi, Laura, Flo

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Visual notices of recorded TEDtalks of Agi, Laura, Flo

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Visual notices of Merkel-Orban video speech 

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Visual notices of Merkel-Orban video speech 

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Visual notices of recorded TEDtalks of Agi, Laura and Flo

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Visual notices of recorded TEDtalks of Agi, Laura and Flo

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drawing diagrams based on notes of word vomit for TEDtalks

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10h00 Dorottya Meeting
10.30-11.30 Warm up
11.30-12.30 Choreographic Last Step Part
12.30-13.30 Text + Choreo
—
14.30-16.00
(Nap Practice)
Visual Way from Recording
(Agi, Laura, Florent)

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16.00 - 19.00
1. Warm up: Two ears exercise + Massage
2. Etymology tree + moving between
3. Text from Alice Chauchat - reading with rythms of the mind cards

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10:30-11.00 - special offer duolingo massage for 2 people of the office
11:30-12:30 etymology tree with decolonialism/etymology
12:30-13:00 mouth drawing

14-14.20 nap
14.20-15 conference + discuss  of format of sharing
15 - meeting with Gergei in MoveIn studio
15.40-16 check out
&
16- Rudas bath

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10-11 warm up&check in (Bartek)
11-12 sharing of Miśka's research
12-13 the mapping practice (Ania's exercise)

14-15:40 *continuation of mapping if needed
*physical practice (Florent)

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10:30 -11:30 - warm up in mother tongues (Anna what did we do?)
11:30 - 13:30 - separate work of Bartosz and Florent / Anna and Míša - refreshing and sharing of previous work
14:30 - 14:42 - a nap
14:42 - 16:07 - puzzle time of Flo and Bartek

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What kind of imaginary anatomies can our bodies inhabit?

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Discourse metaphors The link between figurative la