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http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20102/bio%20102%20lectures/digestive%20system/digestive%20system.htm

http://www.webmd.com/heartburn-gerd/your-digestive-system

http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/digestive-system-article/

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Colon: The colon is meant to
reabsorb water and vitamins

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Colon: The colon is meant to
reabsorb water and vitamins

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Large intestine: Absorbs water. Produces bacterial products
vitamin K and some vitamin B. Produces feces via chemical breakdown. Evacuates feces
from the body through the rectum and anus

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Large intestine: Absorbs water. Produces bacterial products
vitamin K and some vitamin B. Produces feces via chemical breakdown. Evacuates feces
from the body through the rectum and anus

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Ileum: absorb vitamin B12 and bile salts and
whatever products of digestion that were not absorbed by the jejunum

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Ileum: absorb vitamin B12 and bile salts and
whatever products of digestion that were not absorbed by the jejunum

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Jejunum: support the absorption of carbohydrates and
proteins 

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Jejunum: support the absorption of carbohydrates and
proteins 

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Duodenum:
Main digestive part of the small intestine

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Duodenum:
Main digestive part of the small intestine

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Small intestine: digests food in three sections

peptidases:  these digest the smaller pieces of broken down proteins,
called peptides, into their individual amino acids.

sucrase:  this breaks sucrose, a disaccharide (of the carbohydrate
category) into monosaccharides.

maltase:  this breaks maltose, a disaccharide (of the carbohydrate
category) into monosaccharides.

lactase:  this breaks lactose, a disaccharide (of the carbohydrate
category) into monosaccharides.

intestinal lipase:  this breaks down lipids, especially
triglycerides, into their components:   glycerol and fatty acids

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Small intestine: digests food in three sections

peptidases:  these digest the smaller pieces of broken down proteins,
called peptides, into their individual amino acids.

sucrase:  this breaks sucrose, a disaccharide (of the carbohydrate
category) into monosaccharides.

maltase:  this breaks maltose, a disaccharide (of the carbohydrate
category) into monosaccharides.

lactase:  this breaks lactose, a disaccharide (of the carbohydrate
category) into monosaccharides.

intestinal lipase:  this breaks down lipids, especially
triglycerides, into their components:   glycerol and fatty acids

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Gall bladder: stores bile.

The gallbladder
releases the concentrated bile, of which only the bile salts are important
chemicals for digestion

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Gall bladder: stores bile.

The gallbladder
releases the concentrated bile, of which only the bile salts are important
chemicals for digestion

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Stomach: Mixes salivary and mylase, food and gastric juices. Secretes
hydrochloric acid which begins protein digestion. Begins digestion of fats, 

Gastric Juice:  This is a mixture of chemicals, but not all of them are
chemicals that cause digestive breakdown of food molecules.  Here are some
of the important, digestive chemicals: 

Pepsin/pepsinogen:  Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins.  It is
actually secreted as pepsinogen by the chief
cells of the gastric glands.  However, once pepsinogen encounters
an acidic environment, it changes shape into its active form called pepsin.

gastric
lipase:  this enzyme breaks
down certain lipids, but is not extremely active (it is also made by the chief
cells).

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Stomach: Mixes salivary and mylase, food and gastric juices. Secretes
hydrochloric acid which begins protein digestion. Begins digestion of fats, 

Gastric Juice:  This is a mixture of chemicals, but not all of them are
chemicals that cause digestive breakdown of food molecules.  Here are some
of the important, digestive chemicals: 

Pepsin/pepsinogen:  Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins.  It is
actually secreted as pepsinogen by the chief
cells of the gastric glands.  However, once pepsinogen encounters
an acidic environment, it changes shape into its active form called pepsin.

gastric
lipase:  this enzyme breaks
down certain lipids, but is not extremely active (it is also made by the chief
cells).

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Pancreas: Produces chemicals and hormones, 

pancreatic amylase:  This enzyme digests carbohydrates.  

pancreatic lipase:  This enzyme digests a variety of lipids.  It works
especially well on triglycerides, which are the fats and lards that we normally
think about in our diets.

trypsinogen/trypsin:  Trypsinogen is what is actually secreted by the pancreatic
acinar cells, but then an enzyme in the small intestines changes trypsinogen
into its active enzymatic form, trypsin.  The enzyme that converts
trypsinogen into trypsin is called enterokinase, and I'll describe this
more on the regulation webpage.  But trypsin is an enzyme that digests proteins.

chymotrypsin:  This is an enzyme that digests proteins.

carboxypeptidase:  This is an enzyme that digests proteins.

nucleases:  These are enzymes that digest nucleic acids.  The word
"nuclease" represents any nucleic acid breaker, and there are a few
different ones that our pancreas secretes.

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Pancreas: Produces chemicals and hormones, 

pancreatic amylase:  This enzyme digests carbohydrates.  

pancreatic lipase:  This enzyme digests a variety of lipids.  It works
especially well on triglycerides, which are the fats and lards that we normally
think about in our diets.

trypsinogen/trypsin:  Trypsinogen is what is actually secreted by the pancreatic
acinar cells, but then an enzyme in the small intestines changes trypsinogen
into its active enzymatic form, trypsin.  The enzyme that converts
trypsinogen into trypsin is called enterokinase, and I'll describe this
more on the regulation webpage.  But trypsin is an enzyme that digests proteins.

chymotrypsin:  This is an enzyme that digests proteins.

carboxypeptidase:  This is an enzyme that digests proteins.

nucleases:  These are enzymes that digest nucleic acids.  The word
"nuclease" represents any nucleic acid breaker, and there are a few
different ones that our pancreas secretes.

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Liver: creates bile.

The liver produces the bile salts that are important
for emulsification of chime.

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Liver: creates bile.

The liver produces the bile salts that are important
for emulsification of chime.

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Salivary glands: Secretes salivary and mylase to break down
complex carbohydrates. The salivary glands secrete
the amylase (in saliva) into ducts which open to the surface in the mouth.

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Salivary glands: Secretes salivary and mylase to break down
complex carbohydrates. The salivary glands secrete
the amylase (in saliva) into ducts which open to the surface in the mouth.

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Teeth:
Physically breaks down food by chewing

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Teeth:
Physically breaks down food by chewing

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Mouth:
breaks
down food mechanically by the action of the teeth and begins the digestion of starch through the enzyme amylase in the saliva

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Mouth:
breaks
down food mechanically by the action of the teeth and begins the digestion of starch through the enzyme amylase in the saliva