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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Main Idea)

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Main Idea)

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The article emphasizes the importance of managing the stress faced by health care workers during the COVID-19 outbreak. It stresses the need for anticipating and addressing the stresses associated with the work of health care professionals to ensure the continuity of essential health care services. Both institutional supports and self-care strategies are deemed crucial in maintaining the emotional resilience of health care workers. Ongoing training efforts are recommended to provide stress reduction and enhance the workers' sense of self-efficacy in dealing with various aspects of the outbreak, such as transmission details, protective measures, and ethical decision-making. Specific stressors for health care workers treating COVID-19 patients are identified, including biosecurity measures, risk of disease transmission, multiple demands, and stigma. The article suggests proactive measures by employers to encourage supportive care in a stigma-free environment and outlines a comprehensive self-care strategy for health care providers, both during and after the outbreak. Additionally, it advises seeking formal mental health treatment if stress persists beyond two to three weeks and interferes with functioning.

https://www.ptsd.va.gov/covid/COVID_healthcare_workers.asp

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If you are a healthcare worker and are concerned about your mental health, go to mhanational.org/frontline to be screened and find resources and support. If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, call 1-800-273-TALK (8255) to reach a 24-hour crisis center, or text MHA to 741741 to reach a trained Crisis Counselor 24/7.
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Mental Health America (MHA) has witnessed increasing numbers of anxiety, depression, loneliness, and other mental health concerns. COVID-19 has had a profound negative effect on the mental health of the nation, especially among those who are faced with combatting the virus.

While many throughout the U.S. are coping with the fear and uncertainty of COVID-19 from their homes, essential workers, including healthcare workers, must expose themselves to the virus every day. Healthcare workers are also experiencing conditions that have been compared to a war zone, continuously witnessing the direct effects of the pandemic as it spreads throughout communities. It is essential that we provide resources to help healthcare workers cope with the mental health impact of their work.

From June-September 2020, MHA hosted a survey on mhascreening.org to listen to the experiences of healthcare workers during COVID-19 and to create better resources to help support their mental health as they continue to provide care.

The responses collected from the 1,119 healthcare workers surveyed indicated that they are:

Stressed out and stretched too thin: 93% of health care workers were experiencing stress, 86% reported experiencing anxiety, 77% reported frustration, 76% reported exhaustion and burnout, and 75% said they were overwhelmed.

Worried about exposing loved ones: 76% of healthcare workers with children reported that they were worried about exposing their child to COVID-19, nearly half were worried about exposing their spouse or partner, and 47% were worried that they would expose their older adult family member(s).

Emotionally and physically exhausted: Emotional exhaustion was the most common answer for changes in how healthcare workers were feeling over the previous three months (82%), followed by trouble with sleep (70%), physical exhaustion (68%) and work-related dread (63%). Over half selected changes in appetite (57%), physical symptoms like headache or stomachache (56%), questioning career path (55%), compassion fatigue (52%) and heightened awareness or attention to being exposed (52%). Nurses reported having a higher exposure to COVID-19 (41%) and they were more likely to feel too tired (67%) compared to other healthcare workers (63%).

Not getting enough emotional support: 39% of healthcare workers said that they did not feel like they had adequate emotional support. Nurses were even less likely to have emotional support (45%).

Struggling with parenting: Among people with children, half reported they are lacking quality time or are unable to support their children or be a present parent.

Demographics

The following analysis is based on the responses of 1,119 healthcare workers surveyed on MHA Screening ( mhascreening.org) from June 1-September 1, 2020.

The majority (76 percent) of respondents were young adults ages 18-44.

Most (70 percent) of the respondents were White, followed by Black or African American (10 percent), and Hispanic or Latino (8 percent).

The largest groups of respondents were other healthcare staff (30 percent) and nurses (22 percent). Nineteen percent of respondents identified their position as "Other," which included mental health professionals, social workers, and pharmacy staff, among others.

Fifty-two percent of healthcare workers surveyed did not have direct known exposure to COVID-19 patients but had the potential for exposure. Twenty-eight percent were working directly with COVID-19 patients.

Nurses were more likely to report having exposure to COVID-19 patients than the general population of healthcare respondents. Among nurses, 41 percent reported they were working directly with COVID-19 patients, and 49 percent reported they had potential exposure.

However, most (73 percent) respondents to the Healthcare Workers survey had not previously contracted COVID-19 at the time of surveying. 10 percent either had confirmed or suspected cases of COVID-19, and 17 percent were unsure.

Experiences of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19

MHA asked healthcare workers, "In the last three months, which of the following feelings have you been regularly experiencing? Check all that apply."

Stress was the most commonly reported feeling, with 93 percent of healthcare workers indicating that they had regularly experienced stress in the last three months. This was followed by anxiety (86 percent), frustration (77 percent), exhaustion or burnout (76 percent), and feeling overwhelmed (75 percent). Gratitude, hope, and pride were reported by fewer people, although nearly a third (31 percent) reported that they regularly felt gratitude.

MHA also asked healthcare workers, "In the last three months, have you experienced an increase in any of the following? Check all that apply."

Healthcare workers were most likely to report that they had increases in emotional exhaustion in the last three months (82 percent). This was followed by trouble with sleep (70 percent), physical exhaustion (68 percent), and work-related dread (63 percent). Over half of healthcare workers also reported experiencing changes in appetite (57 percent), physical symptoms like headache or stomachache (56 percent), questioning their career path (55 percent), compassion fatigue (52 percent), and heightened awareness, worry or attention to being exposed (52 percent).

Emotional Support for Healthcare Workers

When asked about emotional support, the largest group (39 percent) of healthcare workers indicated that they did not feel they had adequate emotional support. Another 26 percent were unsure if they were receiving adequate emotional support.

Nurses were even less likely to report that they had adequate emotional support than other healthcare workers. Among the nurses surveyed, 45 percent reported that they did not have adequate emotional support and 24 percent were not sure.

Over half of healthcare workers were receiving emotional support from family (57 percent) and friends (53 percent). Many healthcare workers also reported receiving emotional support from their same-level coworkers (38 percent).

Work-Related Stressors

When asked to select their top three work-related stressors, 61 percent reported uncertainty about when things will settle down or return to normal, and 54 percent reported experiencing burnout. Nearly half (49 percent) also reported that their heavy or increased workload was a major stressor in the previous three months.
Fear of Exposure and Increased Stress at Home
Most healthcare workers reported that they were worried about exposing the people they lived with to COVID-19. Forty-seven percent reported being worried about exposing their older adult family, and 45 percent were worried about exposing their spouse or partner. Seventy-six percent of healthcare workers with children reported they were worried about exposing their children. Nearly half (45 percent) selected more than one option.
*Percent determined from the number of respondents who reported having children, as opposed to the whole population of respondents.
When asked about their top three home-related stressors, the majority of respondents (63 percent) reported that they were too tired when they got home from work to do home-related tasks such as cooking and chores. Nurses were even more likely to report feeling too tired after work than other healthcare workers (67 percent). Forty-one percent of healthcare workers reported loneliness as a significant stressor, and over 40 percent reported financial stress.

Among healthcare workers who indicated that they had children, 34 percent indicated that not being able to support children or be a present parent was a major stressor, and 32 percent reported a lack of quality time with their children as a result of COVID-19.

Half (50 percent) of healthcare workers indicated they were the primary caretaker within their homes. Another 5 percent normally would be the primary caretaker but had shifted responsibility as a result of COVID-19.

Among the healthcare workers who responded to this survey, 61 percent did not have children at home. However, among those who did report having children at home, 46 percent reported that their children either did not understand or were not concerned about them being a healthcare worker. Forty percent reported that their children were concerned but no more than expected, and 14 percent indicated that their children were extremely concerned.
For resources and supports for healthcare workers, please visit mhanational.org/frontline The Healthcare Worker Survey was made possible by the generous support of the Johnson & Johnson Foundation.

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The Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in COVID-19

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If you are a healthcare worker and are concerned about your mental health, go to mhanational.org/frontline to be screened and find resources and support. If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, call 1-800-273-TALK (8255) to reach a 24-hour crisis center, or text MHA to 741741 to reach a trained Crisis Counselor 24/7.

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Video)

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Video)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyEPl_d-MIk

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Who Saves Me? | Healthcare Worker Burnout

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Questions)

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Questions)

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1. How can healthcare institutions effectively implement and maintain institutional supports to address the mental health and wellbeing of healthcare workers during and after the COVID-19 outbreak, considering the specific stressors identified in the article?

2. In ongoing training efforts recommended for healthcare workers, what approach or technologies can be utilized to ensure continuous and up-to-date education on COVID-19-related topics, such as transmission details, protective measures, and ethical decision-making?

3. How can leaders actively engage with frontline staff to discuss and implement measures like stress control teams, appropriate work schedules, and support for family members?

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Quote)

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Quote)

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Quote: "Self-care for health care workers can be complex and challenging, given that people in these roles may prioritize the needs of others over their own needs."

Explanation: This quote highlights the challenge faced by healthcare workers in prioritizing self-care, as their professional role usually involves prioritizing the well-being of others. The passage emphasizes the complexity of balancing the demands of caregiving with the necessity for healthcare providers to attend to their own mental and emotional well-being, emphasizing the importance of a well established and phased self-care strategy.

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Psychological Effects Of COVID-19 Pandemic On Front-Line Health Care Workers

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Resources)

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Managing Healthcare Workers' Stress (Resources)

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Psychological Effects Of COVID-19 Pandemic On Front-Line Health Care Workers Being Studied

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Main Idea)

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Main Idea)

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The article explores the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary healthcare, emphasizing the strain on healthcare systems and the challenges faced by expectant parents. It discusses how restrictive measures have led to changes in prenatal care, with some countries opting for telemedicine to ensure safety. Concerns are raised about canceled doctor's appointments, especially important surgeries, causing people to fear for their long-term health. The article also highlights a decline in childhood vaccinations due to lockdown measures and canceled primary care appointments, potentially leading to other outbreaks. The overall theme is the far-reaching consequences of the pandemic on access to primary healthcare worldwide, urging a need for global preparedness and investment in strong health systems. The World Health Organization's(WHO) call for a societal approach to health and well-being is consistently reiterated throughout the article.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-the-pandemic-has-affected-primary-healthcare-around-the-world

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Dealing with the unforeseen challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has taken a significant toll on people all across the world. Medical News Today has spoken with people from different countries, asking how the pandemic has impacted their lives.

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What is the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic? In this Special Feature, we investigate.

At the time of writing this Special Feature, there are over 2,700,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 across the globe.

According to official reports, the largest numbers of confirmed cases are in the United States, Italy, Spain, and France. However, even the countries that the new coronavirus has hit less aggressively are still under considerable strain.

As many as 213 countries and territories have registered COVID-19 cases, and the entire world is buzzing with uncertainty and questions: How long will the pandemic last? What will people's lives look like once the pandemic is over?

At the moment, many countries have taken measures - some of them stringent - to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. While some of these countries are now considering whether to ease the measures, others have already decided to keep them in place over the following weeks.

In this Special Feature, we look at how the pandemic and the measures taken to curb it have impacted communities all over the world. To this end, we have spoken to people from many different countries and asked them about their own experiences.

Many countries have declared restrictive measures, such as lockdown, shelter in place, or stay at home orders, to contain the pandemic at a local level. However, the wildly differing responses and response timelines have left people wondering if authorities failed to take the situation seriously early on when they could have done more to slow down the spread of the coronavirus.

China appeared to manage the coronavirus outbreak effectively, putting in place early travel bans within the country itself. As early as January 23, Chinese authorities declared a nationwide travel ban, which, some experts suggest, may have averted over 700,000 COVID-19 cases within the country.

Earlier in April, China eased the lockdown measures in Wuhan, the original epicenter of the new coronavirus outbreak, amid celebrations that the nation had beaten the virus.
Nevertheless, a recent study assessing the likely number of COVID-19 deaths in the country suggests that the virus may have hit even harder than the authorities initially thought.
Given the development of the situation in China, many people have been questioning the appropriateness of measures that other countries around the world have taken.

Earlier in April, Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe declared a state of emergency. This allowed the authorities to ask people to stay at home, though the government has not enforced closures or restrictions.

This state of emergency should remain in place until early May, though the steady number of COVID-19 cases has reportedly moved doctors in Japan to warn of an impending breakdown in their health care system.

Japan state of emergency filled with 'ambiguity'

People in Japan have also started to express worry that the government is not doing enough to contain the crisis.

Chris, who recently moved to Japan from Europe, has spoken to Medical News Today. He told us what the state of emergency looked like in Yokohama, where he currently lives.

"Effectively, the government has requested that businesses and schools close where possible or promote [working from home] ... but it can only request, it can't actually make it a law," Chris told us.
"Whilst many large businesses in Yokohama (especially around the big train stations) appear to have complied with the request, the trains are still pretty cramped during rush hour, and some restaurants and cafes are remaining open," he added.
Chris told MNT that the lack of a stricter response from the authorities means that it can be hard to comply with the advised measures.

"[Although] supermarkets are promoting social distancing measures at the tills (with spaced markers, and transparent plastic screens to protect the cashiers), within the stores themselves, with the narrow aisles, it's impossible to keep your distance from other people," he said.

"[L]earning the news [from] abroad [about the pandemic], I [...] became more stressed [before] the announcement of the declaration [of a state of emergency] which was made in April, due to the lack of carefulness of people in Japan (for example, group-shopping at the supermarkets, social drinking, etc.)," Misato, who lives near Tokyo, also told us.

"So, around the time when the declaration was made, I got accustomed to the current lifestyle [of physical distancing] which [makes me] feel much less stress than before. [However], I [don't] highly value the content of [the] declaration itself, due to its ambiguity, which [makes it] difficult for people in Japan to understand."

- Misato, Japan

'Mask gives me a sense of security, even though it doesn't do much'

Some European countries have reacted sooner to the steep rise in COVID-19 cases than others. On March 10, Italy ordered a strict nationwide lockdown, becoming the first country in Europe to do so.

The government banned all travel in the country, and people could only leave their homes for essential reasons - such as to buy food. When going out, people had to carry declaration forms and wear face masks and disposable gloves.

Despite a slowdown in the growth of new COVID-19 cases, the Italian government has recently extended lockdown measures through May 3.

Laura, who lives in the Italian region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, told MNT: "We can't go out or travel to other cities, [...] we must stay at home. Only one family member may go out at once and only for valid reasons, such as doing the groceries, going to the pharmacy, or the post office for urgent matters."

"I comply with the rules imposed by the government, and I only go out when I have to, wearing a mask and gloves. Now that it's warmer outside, the mask has become a little bothersome, but it gives me a sense of security, even though I know that, in reality, it doesn't do much."

- Laura, Italy

Spain, another one of the European countries hit badly by the coronavirus, also announced strict lockdown measures from March 14.

Although there have been over 208,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the country to date, Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez announced that Spain reached the peak of the pandemic in early April.

"Both my boyfriend and I had symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and we [self-isolated] throughout that time (nearly 10 days each), avoiding any physical contact with each other (while living together)," Susana, from Madrid, Spain, told MNT.
Susana said that she managed to stay optimistic despite the illness. Yet, like many, she is concerned about the economic and emotional impact of the lockdown in response to the pandemic: "I worry about the impact this crisis has on many families that have been highly affected and are suffering at different levels, [such as the] loss of relatives, loss of jobs and so on."
The Spanish government appears to share such worries and is considering easing these measures in May, despite criticism that it is still unclear how the pandemic may progress in the country.

Sweden: 'Not a true form of self-isolation'

Other European countries have put in place less stringent measures. For instance, in the United Kingdom, Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced a lockdown on March 23, though the measures have been less stringent than in other countries.
Unlike in Italy, for instance, in the U.K., people may go out without a declaration form. The acceptable reasons for leaving one's home - "for food, health reasons or work" - has received criticism for being confusing and lacking clarity.
Some, however, relish the relative freedom that Britain's more relaxed pandemic advice has afforded.

Harry, who lives in Brighton, U.K., told MNT: "Britain's less rigid approach to the lockdown compared to other European countries is crucial to maintaining my [mental] as well as physical health. As it is, I [can] stay active, get sunlight and air, and avoid being stuck in the same place all day."

At the same time, practitioners in the U.K.'s National Health Service (NHS) have been bracing for a severe strain on the NHS's resources, as hospitals are cracking under the pressure of increasing numbers of COVID-19 cases.

Other European countries, such as Sweden, which have reported fewer cases of COVID-19 overall, have fewer and much less restrictive measures in place.

People who live in Sweden have been staying more or less put, mostly following their own judgment.

Simona, based in Malmö, told MNT that "Sweden does not impose any quarantine [measures], just [physical] distancing, but I have been sort of - partially - self-isolating together with my partner."
"We do get out to shop, meet friends sometimes, or walk in the sun, so it is by no means a true form of self-isolation," she adds.
Yet, some experts worry that the authorities have underestimated the incidence of COVID-19 in Sweden. Others suggest that the guidelines have left older citizens - one of the high-risk categories - unnecessarily exposed to the virus.

The one country that has received consistent kudos for its approach to the pandemic appears to be Finland, where Prime Minister Sanna Marin announced, on April 22, a " composite strategy."

This strategy would involve a gradual easing of lockdown measures while increasing COVID-19 testing. Testing will ensure that anyone exposed to the coronavirus receives the care they need, while those who have not had exposure may return to their normal life, little by little.

'I'll never know if I had COVID-19'

The U.S. strategy in dealing with the pandemic has been the target of an increased amount of criticism since different states have adopted wildly different measures. There is a lack of consensus between the authorities and various public health organizations.

As of March 30, 30 U.S. states - including New York, California, Texas, and Washington - have directed their citizens to shelter in place or stay at home, though some have opted for less restrictive measures.

Since March 31, the Department of State has been advising all U.S. citizens "to avoid all international travel."
Although measures in the U.S. have been, overall, less stringent than elsewhere, groups of people in 18 states have been protesting against the lockdown. They claim that the measures have been harming them financially and otherwise.
Even President Donald Trump has spoken in favor of easing the current measures, saying that the pandemic has already peaked in the U.S.

However, some medical professionals have spoken out against the protests, stressing that the protesters may well be putting other people's lives and health in danger.

In Canada, only two provinces - Ontario and Alberta - declared a state of emergency in the first half of March, following an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases.

One reported worry among experts and the public is that Canadian authorities have not managed to capture important health data and that testing efforts for COVID-19 are falling short. The extent to which the country is being affected by the new coronavirus remains unclear.

Stephen, who lives in the Province of Ontario, told MNT that despite having had symptoms that may have been consistent with COVID-19, he did not have access to testing to verify whether that was actually the case:

"Early on during the lockdown, I was ill for a few days with cold and flu-like symptoms. The advice here is to stay home and self-isolate for 14 days if you're ill and not to go to a clinic unless the symptoms progress. So I guess I'll never know if I had COVID-19, though I suspect it was probably just a cold."

Experts worry that people all over the world may be experiencing an increasing number of mental health issues.

This certainly came across loud and clear from the many responses that MNT received from people across the globe. Some people have also spoken to us about how the specific measures in their country have affected their physical health as well.

Mihai, from Romania, said that he and his family have been dealing with an increased amount of stress and physical discomfort.
"[Physical distancing] has affected both our physical and mental health," he told MNT. "We've only been moving around inside the house; we're getting backaches."
"Mentally," he said, "I've become more stressed, more irritable, I lose my patience much quicker. And [my 1-year-old son] finds it harder to fall asleep; he's more agitated."

Nicoleta, also from Romania, echoed the sentiment: "I think [in terms of physical health], I have been affected because I have gained a few extra kilograms [due to] sedentariness [...] Mentally, there has been a lot of stress in this period. [...] It's very difficult when you can't exercise at all, and you keep doing the same things always; it's impossible not to be affected, at least at a subconscious level."

'We have no idea what would happen to our son'

Many of the people who spoke to MNT expressed worry for family members and said they felt powerless to deal with some of the risks.

"We've been feeling stressed not because [we are afraid that] the disease [COVID-19] would be hard to bear, but because, should we get ill, we'd have to be hospitalized in the infectious disease unit, and we have no idea what would happen [to our young son]."

- Mihai, Romania

Diana, who lives in France, also said that she was "a bit anxious, not necessarily for myself, but for the people around me, and for my family, which is far away, and I've felt a bit powerless."

Some respondents have been trying hard to come to terms with grief after having lost a loved person to COVID-19.

Martina lives in Belgium, but her family is in Italy. She told us that two of her family members passed away because of the coronavirus, but she has had no opportunity to gain a sense of closure:

"I have already lost one uncle and one aunt on the two sides of the family due to COVID-19. There has been no or limited [funeral] ceremonial service, so the psychological impact of these deaths is going to be long-term and painful."

She also told us that, while staying put during the pandemic, she has been dealing with acute mental and physical symptoms.

"I notice that I have occasional mini-anxiety attacks that are far worse than usual. I have serious issues in concentrating on my work [...] But there is also a deeper feeling of uselessness," Martina told MNT. "And my body feels weird too: menstrual pain, for example, has become unbearable."

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What is the global impact of the new coronavirus pandemic?

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Dealing with the unforeseen challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has taken a significant toll on people all across the world. Medical News Today has spoken with people from different countries, asking how the pandemic has impacted their lives. At the time of writing this Special Feature, there are over 2,700,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 across the globe.

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Video)

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Video)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihSlDvQwHdg

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HOW COVID CHANGED OUR WORLD- Impact of Covid Pandemic on the World

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Questions)

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Questions)

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1. How can global healthcare systems better prepare for future pandemics to mitigate the impact on primary healthcare, considering the challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic?

2. In spite of the decline in childhood vaccinations due to the pandemic, what strategies or interventions can be implemented to address the potential risk of outbreaks of other preventable diseases, and how can countries work together to ensure immunization rates are restored?

3. What changes or innovations in healthcare delivery can be implemented to maintain essential services during times of crisis, balancing safety and the well-being of both healthcare providers and patients?

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Quote)

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Quote)

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Quote: "The pandemic has made it crystal clear that we are one world that has more in common with each other than we’d ever dare to believe." - WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

Explanation: This quote intensifies the interconnectedness of the global community, emphasizing that the challenges posed by the pandemic surpasses borders and necessitates a collective, unified response. It highlights the importance of global solidarity, cooperation, and preparedness in addressing not only health crises but also the broader social, economic, and political implications that may arise during such events.

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COVID-19 I How COVID has changed healthcare

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Resources)

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How the pandemic has affected primary healthcare around the world (Resources)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sFc0xUypwXI

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COVID-19 I How COVID has changed healthcare