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Auschwitz, originally established in 1940 in German-occupied Poland, originally served as a concentration camp for political prisoners. Over time, it evolved into a complex of camps where millions were murdered.

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By 1945, it is estimated that at least 1.3 million people were deported to the Auschwitz camp complex, with approximately 1.1 million murdered. The camp became a primary symbol of the Holocaust's horrors.

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Incoming prisoners were designated a serial number, representing a system of dehumanization. Those chosen for labor received numbers, while those sent directly to the gas chambers were not registered.

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Sections of Auschwitz were designated for different groups, including men, women, a family camp for Roma, and a family camp for Jewish families from the Theresienstadt ghetto, showcasing the camp's complex and horrific system of segregation.

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Jewish deportees faced immediate selection upon arrival. The fit were forced into labor, while the rest faced immediate death. This cruel selection process represented the systematic extermination carried out at Auschwitz.

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Auschwitz I, also known as the Main Camp, housed administrative buildings and was the site of the first gas chamber. Its establishment marked the beginning of a dark chapter in human history.

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The family camp for Roma demonstrated the widespread targeting by the Nazis. It was a unique section within Auschwitz, displaying the regime's racial ideology and the extent of its crimes against humanity.

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The Theresienstadt family camp showcased the deceptive tactics used by the SS to mislead the international community. Families deported from the Theresienstadt ghetto were temporarily kept together, creating an illusion of humane treatment before facing devastating realities.

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Więźniów Oświęcimia 55-61, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland

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Więźniów Oświęcimia 55-61, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland

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Więźniów Oświęcimia 55-61, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland

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The first transport of Poles, 728 political prisoners, deported by Germans from Tarnów prison, reached the Auschwitz camp on June 14, 1940.The Germans began sending Soviet POWs to Auschwitz shortly after the beginning of their war against the Soviet Union (June 22, 1941).In addition to Jews, Poles, Roma, and Soviet POWs, about 25 thousand prisoners of other nationalities were imprisoned in Auschwitz.

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Więźniów Oświęcimia 20, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland

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Więźniów Oświęcimia 20, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland

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Więźniów Oświęcimia 20, 32-600 Oświęcim, Poland

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Some prisoners were also subjected to barbaric medical experiments led by Josef Mengele (1911-79).As in other German concentration camps, also in Auschwitz there was a crematorium for burning prisoners’ corpses. It went into operation in mid‑August 1940. The furnaces for that first crematorium and all the later ones were supplied and installed by the German company Topf und Söhne of Erfurt. Up to 340 corpses per day could be burned in the crematorium. The morgue associated with this crematorium was converted into the first gas chamber in September 1941.