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Clipping mask creates an effect where two layers are merged into one which allows for the two layers to overlap with each other creating a certain look

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Transform allows you to change a selection or layer in all sorts of ways such as size, angle, flipping it etc

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Kerning adjusts the space between the letters themselves

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Leading allows you to adjust the space between lines of the text

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This is the Process of loosing and or tightening the block of a font

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The select and mask tool allows for many modifiers to customize a selection

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Sharpen tool is used to make the image less blurry in certain areas

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Blur tool is used to blur areas of an image

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Burn tool is used to destructively darken areas of an image

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The dodge tool is used to destructively brighten areas of an image

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The gradient tool allows you to control gradually changing lights and colors in your image with select patterns

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The horizontal type tool allows you to add horizontal text onto your images

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The hand tool allows you to move an image around. Even while zoomed in

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The zoom tool will shockingly zoom into an image and can also zoom out of an image

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The brush tool is used to "paint" onto the select layer with a select color

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This tool allows you to make selections in a rectangular or circular shape

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The quick selection tool can be used to select certain shapes and large parts of the photo

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The Polygonal lasso Tool is like the Lasso Tool but it makes selections with straight edges

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The magic wand tool will imediately select everything around a select spot of the same color as the selected spot

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The Lasso Tool is used for precise selections manually made on the active layer in photoshop

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A Scrim is a material that is used to either reduce or reduce and diffuse light.

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A reflector will redirect light to whatever its pointed at

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The Advanced photo system type C refers to a specific image aspect ratio

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A full Frame camera just has a full frame lens (36mm-24mm)

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Lens with a better focal length will crop better

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Layer masking is when there are multiple layers on a photo that can overlap/cover/hide parts of the image.

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Post processing refers to the process of editing a photo in a software AFTER it has been taken and stored

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A thumbnail is a photo that is meant to represent a video

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The metadata of a photo contains all kinds of information such as the aperture, focal length, Iso and so on

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A DSLR is a term for a single lens digital camera

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Vibration Reduction is a type of image stabilizer technology

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This type of lens bends the edges of the frame into a circular shape

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This lens specializes in long focal length

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This type of lens has a fixed aperture

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its a very small lens

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Golden hour refers to the last hour before sunset or right after sunrise, it is called golden hour due to the suns specific angle causing an intense source of yellow light

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Blue hour is the hour after sunset where the sun is below the horizon and the remaining sunlight is a dim blue color

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Triadic colors are the primary colors, red, blue, and yellow

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Double exposure is essentially using two images and overlapping them to create one, as seen in the example above

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HDR is high contrast ratios between light and dark parts of an image

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This term implies that an image is so good it can be printed straight out of the camera without the need for further processing

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These are the same thing but with one being on a printer and the other being on a computer

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Resolution has to do with the density of the pixels in an image

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The aspect ratio has to do with the way the picture is taken regarding its width and height

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Cropping is when you cut out certain parts of an image

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Sepia tone is a process which changes the color and resistance of film, it also makes it hold up over time

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A small portrait that fades into the background

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Highlights are something that is emphasized in the image

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Midtones refer to the range of lights and shadows

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Shadows are marks left by light or the lack there of due to an object obscuring them from a lightsource

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18% grey is the shade of the gray that the camera is looking for on the light meter, the camera will look for this color in order to gauge how exposed the photo is

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This mode is for automatically metering a photo, this mode will evaluate the photo for you

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This mode mainly prioritizes the center of the shot

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This mode adjusts and detects light around the subject

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This mode analyses light around the focal point, most precise of all the metering

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Burst mode refers to when the camera is set to continuously take multiple photos

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panning blurs the background behind a moving object in order to convey speed.

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Light painting is when the shutter speed is set to low so that the camera is taking the picture for around 30 seconds, during this time if lights move in the frame they will smear and leave a trail in the photo, allowing images and paintings to be created with the moving lights

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Time lapse's are sped up videos taken on a camera that are over the course of a long time, such as hours or even a day

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Long exposure is when you set the shutter speed to low so that the camera is taking a photo for a long time

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Camera shake is a blurriness in a image or shakiness that occurs when the camera shakes

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Tripods are a stand for the camera that prevent the shaking of the camera

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Motion blur is the blur that is present on images with a lot of motion

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Bulb Mode allows you to make the shutter speed lower than it can normally go

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Shutter speed is how long the shutter is open and allowing light to hit the sensor

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Aperture priority mode lets you change the aperture and the camera decides everything else

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Shutter prio mode allows you to change shutter speed and the camera decides everything else

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Manual mode allows you to personally change all settings as you see fit

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Program mode is like auto mode but you can manually change the shutter speed and apeture.

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Auto mode is where the camera makes all the decisions for you while photographing

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Bokeh is the blur in parts of an image that are out of focus in the foreground or background

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Depth of field is the distance between the nearest and furthest image

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Focal length determines how much your camera can see

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THE f stop is how much light you allow to hit the lens of the camera through the aperture opening

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Aperture is a setting that increases or decreases the amount of light entering a camera.

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Digital noise is essentially like film grain but with a digital camera that does not contain film

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Film grain refers to the visible grain on the films that photos are taken on

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An image sensor detects and conveys the data in order to transform it into an image

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ASA is a rating of film speed.

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The Iso dictates how sensitive your camera is to light, more iso will cause the image to become more sensitive

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Pincushion distortion is when the image becomes pinched in the middle

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A barrel lens distortion is common with wide angle shots and wide angle lens, it is when the picture becomes distorted due to the angle, zoom

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An orthographic view is a 2D view of a 3D object

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The triptych is the exact same thing as the the diptych but with 3 sides instead

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A diptych is an artpiece that could be closed like a book and it is connected in the middle

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Positive space is the actual subject in the photo and not the space around it

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Negative space is the "empty" space around the subject.

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The golden ratio is the visual guide of where to place an object where it will be most pleasing to the eye

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leading lines are lines in an image that point you in a specific direction

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The rule of thirds is a visual composition of a photo in which the subject is in the left or right third of the image

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A trademark shows that something is legally owned by you and should be expected to come from you

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Copyright is the exclusive legal right to own or manage something

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Subjective is essentially someones own interpretation of something or their own opinion, while objective is fact.

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Constructive criticism is the act of criticizing something without being rude and giving feedback on where it fell short AND how it can prove, essentially positive criticism

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objective is something that is factual, something that is 100% true and there is no argument around it.

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Ethics are moral principals or essentially what is morally right.

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Plagiarism is the act of "stealing" someones design or idea in a work they have created and trying to pass it off as your own.

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Gradient is a design element where the colors in the image fade into each other rather than having clear starts and ends.

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Monochromatic colors referes to a color scheme that comprises of just one color

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Complementary colors are combinations of colors that work well with a specific color