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Ingrid Betancourt was a politician that was brave and wasn't afraid to call people out, including the president. Because of that she got threats and had to send her children away, but then she was kidnapped by the army. She was held captive for 6 years but didn't let that change her mindset.

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I watched the TED talk with America Ferrera where she talked about how ever since she was little she has always wanted to preform, and how she would sing and dance all the time. When she was first auditioning for a role in a commercial she was told to sound more “Latina” which she later found out meant to have broken English, she had many more experiences where she came to think that her identity was an obstacle she pass, but later she realized that her identity was not an obstacle but instead her super power.

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The word "Latinx" is a diverse word to include non-binary and transgender people who do not identify as "Latino" or "Latina" and do not want to be placed in a specific category. There are many different words people can use to identify themselves but Latinx is one of the many that is not gendered. People are also using E's as a more gender neutral option at the end of words instead of O for males and A for females. For instance, another word similar to Latinx is "Latine".

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The Difference between Hispanic, Latino, and Latinx.

The term Latino describes any person with ancestry in Latin America, a politically defined region usually unified by the predominance of Romance languages. This definition usually includes Portuguese-speaking Brazil and French-speaking Haiti, but excludes Spain.

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This video talks about how some people were mad that they had to be called by the masculine version of the word for a lot of people, that's how the Latinx term showed up, it means that some people don't want to be called latinos or latinas, but there is a lot of people who actually don't care how they are called.

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Jacene - America Ferrera: My identity is a superpower-not an obstacle

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Jacene - America Ferrera: My identity is a superpower-not an obstacle

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America Ferrera speaks about her struggles in the film industry and trying to find roles that authentically represent her as a Latina woman. She points out how messed up the film industry is for making cherry-picked diversity roles. She would go to auditions, only to find that the roles for Latinx were imbedded with racism and stereotypes. The casting director in one of her auditions, asking her to, "sound more Latina". Implying that she isn't Latina enough because she doesn't speak broken English. She wanted to find roles that were multidimensional and wasn't just about struggling in the hood because that's not the reality for every person that is Latinx.

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The famous activist Dolores Huerta was motivated from a young age to represent her mistreated people in the fight to make everyone equal. She led in a boycott in the purchase of some products, including grapes and lettuce, due to a mistreatment of some of the people who worked there.

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America Ferrera is an Activist, Director, and Activist who desired more better representation of people and their cultures. Ferrera talked about her experiences in the in the entertainment industry, experiences that led her to think that her looks, identity and background were hindrances to her success. But after years, after seeing a lack of change in what was being told in the mainstream, she realized that she never tried to do anything to cause a change. She believed what society had thought about her, her background, and whole identity. She urges that people start being who they are, not someone who they want to be or who they were told to be.

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In this article, I learned about the now 93year old activist, Dolores Huerta, who helped co-found the United Farm Workers Movement. The United Farm Workers Movement was around the civil rights movement in the 60s, where Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta recognized the injustices in their working conditions in farming, such as bad pay and toxic working conditions. Both sought for a non violent solution and both fought for it, using boycotts against certain produce and strikes the two were able to gain attention to their needs and the issues at hand. Overall, the injustices they fought for go beyond just the labor rights, and they recognize that it's not within their control or lifetime to fix, but rather now, older, their time to influence. Dolores now with her name in activism supporting her, has created her own film and aims to help inspire the next generation to fight for the rights that she could not achieve herself.

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In this article, it describes the life and accomplishments of Dolores Huerta. Huerta is a civil rights activist who fought during the civil rights era in the 50s and 60s, being vocal and pushing for workers even at her young age in the past. She had founded the United Farm Workers with Cesar Chavez, supporting and organizing many large scale strikes, protests, and boycotts. She mainly spoke out about labor rights, personally experiencing and witnessing both the poor pay and working conditions through her father and the hardworking immigrants she'd been raised with. Huerta committed her life to protecting those who couldn't fight for themselves, raising her voice for both awareness and change throughout working communities and ruling classes. She collaborated with Chavez, avoiding violence and being sure to keep the peace while fighting for labor rights. Their stories would be proof of how a non-violent approach on larger scales have an impact, despite the lengths it takes to go through for change. There are documentaries represents Dolores Huerta's life, aspiring to influence future activists to come.

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I learned that the term Latinx is supposed to kind of represent non binary people that aren't really Latino/Latina. However, for some Spanish speaking people might find the "x" does not work for them and perhaps will use the terms Latino, Latina or Latine. I also found out that most Spanish speaking people don't really care much about what term they are addressed as.

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Dolores Huerta was a activist that fought for the farmers. Since she was at a very young age she moved to California with her parents, her dad worked in the coal mines and then he became an activist. All this things her dad did inspired her to do what she did. She worked to fight the rights of the farmers because of the horrible conditions they worked and what they received in exchange. With Cesar Chavez, they created the National Farm Workers Association that is for the workers to get their rights and be respected.

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In the past few years, the term 'Latinx' has gained popularity, but what exactly does it mean? Well, in order to understand the phrase Latinx, you must understand the history of Latin-American people in the United States.

In the 1960's, the Civil Rights movement was in full swing. And a large group partaking in this moment were Latin American peoples. Not only did they want to be treated fairly by the U.S government, but they also wanted a singular word to define them as a group, just like how African Americans have the word 'Black'.

Conservatives thought 'Latin American', and 'La Raza' sounded too foreign. So president LBJ conceded and tried to please conservatives and liberals by creating the word 'Hispanic'. A word with many imperfections, as it means people who have historical connections with the country of Spain, a country that most Latin Americans don't tend to associate with.

So now, people have thought of the word 'Latinx' which is 'Latino' (Spanish for Latin) but made gender neutral, so non-men can feel represented in their own community. This is a very polarizing word. A lot of people think that its unnecessary and that there are already plenty of ways to describe the community. Other people, however, see the word as an essential way to show representation in the commonly conservative Latin-American community. To help mitigate this drama, people have come up with the word 'Latine' which does exactly what 'Latinx' tries to do without using a latter that isn't common in Spanish.

In conclusion, Latin-American people have long tried to find a word to describe themselves, without much success. Hopefully they will soon find a phrase to include all of them, like 'Latine', but unfortunately that phrase hasn't gained much traction. Maybe soon a new word will come that will fix all the problems and help to connect all Latin-American people, but only time knows, and time isn't talking.

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After moving to Stockton California, Dolores Huerta who felt for underpaid workers wanted to fight for the rights of the ones who couldn't fight for themselves. She wanted to positively impact and improve the lives of Mexican-Americans. Dolores Huerta and Cesar Chavez, both civil rights activists established the "National Farm Workers Association" bringing awareness and protection to immigrant workers. Huerta, Chavez, and the American population that supported the NFWA caught the attention of president  Kennedy before his assassination in 1968, and his support. Huerta says "The only way we can change things is by sitting on those seats of power where decisions are being made." This is how Huerta managed to make change in the world, and encourages others to do the same. She talks about how she wants to see American students learn more from people of color so they can hear from multiple different perspectives, and come up with their own opinions.

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Ingrid Betancourt tells us about her life and how she was held in prison camps and how she was held captive. she talks about how she felt real fear and that she felt desperation, paranoia, etc. I learned that you sometimes have to face your fear and that many people have an unfair life.

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People whose families were from Central and South America had a history of trouble with knowing how to identify themselves. The word Latin American, for many, felt too foreign. A word that seemed to mean that these communities were outsiders. Brown didn't feel right either, as Southeast Asians would fit that category too. The Hispanic label, meaning a cultural or historic link to Spain didn't make sense. They didn't think of themselves as Europeans or Spanish. That's when the terms Latinx or Latine came to minds. It's a more inclusive term to Latina, Latino. It makes those who are non-binary and transgender visible.

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Dolores Huerta is an Activist who fought hard to improve the lives of several Mexican Americans. She did a plethora of things to help the cause from joining a group which had goals that aligned with hers at an early age. In 1962, Dolores, together with another civil rights activist Cesar Chavez started the National Farm Workers Association, now known as the United Farm Workers. With this, they started large movements and with the help of the public, they were able to benefit the lives of many immigrant workers who were mistreated.

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Dolores Huerta was a proud worker of the United Farm Workers Union. Dolores began her work towards change in 1993 and took part in a local group who wanted and believed the same things she did. During this time she found Cesar Chaves, who had created the Union she is now apart of. They spoke up for workers who were being taken advantage of, workers who couldn't speak up for themselves.

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Alex Phaysith:       Luis H. Zayas: The psychological impact of child separation at the US-Mexican Border. 

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Alex Phaysith:       Luis H. Zayas: The psychological impact of child separation at the US-Mexican Border. 

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Luis H. Zayas is a mental health professional that explains about families and children dealing with trauma from separation. Luis is disappointed how the US is treating families fleeing from Mexico and dangerous crimes. People from Central America were put in detention centers for trying to reach the border including their own children. Separation in children & families causes PTSD, depression, suicidal, anxiety, stress, hopelessness, etc. Luis H. Zayas has a few things in mind. One, old motels can be use for family units. Two, medical professionals can help sick children in motels. Three, Social workers help connect with families including teachers. Fourth, parents should be given work permits to make money.

Special Quote: “While we may differ on our approach to immigration, we should be treating children with dignity and respect. We should do right by them.” - Luis H. Zayas

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Dolores Huerta is a women who shared out about her lifetime and helped create life changing resources to help people who went through what she did. She wanted to help those who couldn't help themselves, by speaking out. some problems addressed were the poor un-able conditions with low pay in return. its important that Dolores spoke out because they need voices from everyone, but just people inside the framing career, and they need people with all types of experience and different stories.

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Jose Andres talks about how millions of people in Puerto Rico had nothing and Jose and hundreds of other people came together and helped the people of Puerto Rico. These groups of people help bring all of Puerto Rico together and even locals started helping making food, using there trucks to move food, etc. They also helped lift the spirits of Puerto Rico making them live through a terrible Hurricane

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Dolores Huerta was a civil rights activist and had helped started the United Farm Workers Union to help protect Mexican- Americans rights in a discriminable world, she was inspired by her father who was a union leader and a law maker in New Mexico. She believed that including the voices of people from different diverse would change the education for the better. Before she joins the United Farm Workers Union, she joined a local group in her hometown, Stockholm California that also help improving and protecting the live of Mexican- Americans.

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I learned that the terms referred to the Latin X, Hispanic, Latino/Latine/Latina community is complicated and holds a lot of history and evolution to it. For instance, the term Hispanic comes from not the community itself, but instead a last minute solution in finding a way to categorize them based by their colonizers Spain. Though, Latina/Latino, while more respected and acknowledged in the community, is very masculine and feminine, and erases their fluidity in gender, proposing the most recent term, LatinX...However, there stands controversy in Latinx too, with "X" not being apart of the Spanish language at all, and finding Latine a better solution. In summary, a good portion of their community holds no preference to whatever term you use, although that doesn't mean all, so in whatever term you do use, just overall be respectful to them.

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The origin of the word "Hispanic" was mostly tied to the idea of people's connection to Spain, however this would change when the cultural link to Spain was revaluated; most people not considering themselves Spanish or European. The term Latine would then emerge with the concept of gender identity in mind, being gender neutral and including everyone; contrasting Latino and Latina which are masculine and feminine terms. Even so, Latinx would overshadow Latine in the future despite the x being hard to pronounce. Overall, the correct term to use depends on the individual, a survey showing 57% of people agree that it doesn't matter. Regardless, it's apart of a bigger conversation and it's important to respect each individual and community.

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Jose Andres founded the nonprofit World Central Kitchen, he wanted to be able to provide healthy meals to those in the aftermath of natural disasters. Ingrid Betancourt was a senator and anti-corruption activitist when she was captured by the revolutionary armed forces of colombia, she says how it helped her learn how to face fear and develop her faith. America Ferrera feels like media really changes peoples perception of someone culture and identity, to the point where even she believes it. She urges us to take a change and start embracing and existing as our true selves.

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Íngrid Betancourt was held hostage in prison camps deep in Colombia’s jungles and tortured. she describes how it was for her while held captive. She explains how it made her feel real fear. resulting in desperation, depression, paranoia, and hate  and how she learned to face fear and develop faith.

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I learned from the video that throughout history, many groups of many different people has developed many words to describe a vast group of people from a specific descent. Today's result ended up being a jumble of these words and sometimes it's hard to distinguish what words to use.
One of my questions that I developed over the video is, will people get offended if I use the wrong term? Or am I good as long as I say one of the respectful terms listed in the video?

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I learned that Latinx is a term that people that don't identify as a male or female want to be called. Latinx is a new term so old people really don't know what it is or respect it as much as younger people.

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Ezra                                                                                                             

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Ezra                                                                                                             

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This video focuses on how Hispanic, Latino and Latinx are used differently to represent a wide range of people. President Nixon signed a law making it official that instead of being refured to as brown they would be refured to as hispanic which means that you have a close cultural link to Spain. Latino was starting to be used by the 1990's. unlike African American and White, Latino/ Latina aren't gender neutral. thats where latinx comes in. Latinx is a way of representing everyone in the community. it means all people. Not just men and women. Latinx is what brings the diveresity to the community. The x in Latinx is there so people notice its difference to Latino and Latina.

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Spanish-American chef José Andrés, who is a winner of numerous awards, established the organization World Central Kitchen with the goal of offering wholesome meals in the wake of natural disasters. After Hurricane Maria in September 2017, Andrés visited Puerto Rico's ravaged island. They organized impromptu kitchens to serve millions of meals thanks to his planning, the assistance of chefs, and the dedication of thousands of volunteers from all across the island.

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Award winning Spanish-American chef Jose Andres, who founded the nonprofit organization World Central Kitchen, has made it his mission to provide healthy meals to people in the aftermath of natural disasters. After Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico in 2017, Andres and thousands of chefs and volunteers traveled to the devastated island in order to provide and aid to the locals, serving millions of meals, thus making a name for himself in the community and becoming a true hero.

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Something I learned from this video is the difference between Hispanic, Latino, and Latinx. Latinx has been around since the 1960s, used to group up a bunch of people, while Latino and Latina are only used to address girls and boys. Hispanics are basically people who has connections to Spanish speaking countries. This is controversial because some say it's unnecessary and some say it is very helpful and inclusive.

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Dolores Huerta is a woman who worked with César Chavez to create the National Farm Workers Association (United Farm Workers) to help with people of color gain better work conditions during the 1960's. She continues to share her experiences with a new generation of people who also desire to make change in the world.

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Dolores Huerta was inspired by her father wanting to make a change in the world as well and in 1962 she started united farm workers with her partner Cesar Chavez to help immigrant workers. Dolores speaks out on any discrimination to this day and she does not believe in making a change through violence will help.

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During the 1950s and 1960s (the civil rights era), Dolores Huerta assisted in founding the organization that is now known as the United Farm Workers. Huerta believes that the fundamental liberties of her fellow Americans are currently at danger given the political climate. She is now telling her story to a new wave of activists who are working for the same change as her.

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Luis H. Zayas did a lot of research about the trauma that children who are being separated from their families at the border suffer from. He has written 3 books called Latinas Attempting Suicide, Forgotten Citizens, and Through Icebox and Kernels.
One quote from him is, "While we may differ in our approach to immigration, w must treat children with dignity and respect. We should do right by them."

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Dolores Huerta was inspired by her father who was a union leader and lawmaker in New Mexico. She wanted to make a difference too, so she joined a local group for the betterment of Mexican-Americans. She had helped start a union group now called the United Farm Workers union, which help ensure and protect their rights. Huerta had explained that changing education to include the voices of more diverse people would change the education system for the better. She believes things she be handled non-violently and that our points would get across just as well as if we were violent, so why would there be a point to being violent?

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This video addresses the difference between Hispanic, Latino, and Latinx and which should be used. This whole conversation started when people wanted to include the transgender and non binary community. In Spanish, most feminine words ended in A and masculine ended in O. So the term Latine was brought up. But 57% of Hispanic communities said it doesn't really matter. To this day people say whatever they want, saying Latinx is being inclusive of everybody and every gender.

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Something I learned was that Hispanic refers to anyone who has connections to Spain with relatives or ancestry. I also learned that it is hard for Spanish speakers to say x so they use e instead.

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I learn that the differences between Hispanic, Latino, and Latinx is that Latinx were used to describe a big group and people back in 1960s, now the word Latinx is use for non-binary people to feel more included instead of either picking Latino or Latina. The differences between Hispanic and Latino is that Hispanic is refers to a person with ancestry from a country whose primary language is Spanish. Latino and its variations refer to a person with origins from anywhere in Latin America (Mexico, South and Central America) and the Caribbean.

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Dolores Huerta, the wonderful woman who worked with revolutionary activist Cesar Chavez in the 1950's and 60's, and also helped start the United Farm Workers union, an organized group of Mexican-American workers who came together to ensure their rights in an extremely discriminatory world. Before that, she joined a local group in her hometown of Stockton, California, that worked to improve the lives of Mexican Americans.

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Luis H. Zayas talks about his research into the trauma that affects children being separated from their families at the US and Mexico border.
One of his biggest quotes are "Si bien podemos diferir en nuestro enfoque hacia la inmigración, debemos tratar a los niños con dignidad y respeto. Deberíamos hacer lo correcto con ellos”.

English version :“While we may differ in our approach to immigration, we must treat children with dignity and respect. “We should do right by them.”

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Dolores Huerta is a Latina activist. She was inspired by her father who left his job as a coal miner to become a union leader and a lawmaker. Her first step was joining a local group that worked to improve the lives of Mexican-Americans. She worked with Cesar Chavez to create the NFWA, now called United Farm Workers. Her work led to the passage of key laws in California.

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Dolores Huerta was a civil rights activist. In which was inspired by her parents earlier on. Her main goal was to help Mexican-Americans in living. She later worked with Cesar Chavez on what was the NWFA and now is called the United Farm Workers union. And now at the age of 87 has shared her experience of when she was younger.

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Ingrid Betancourt was in Columbia where she was held hostage in prison camps and tortured. In the ted talk she describes/explains how it was being help captive and what she was feeling. She explains how scary it was for her and the real fear she felt which later resulted in her depression, paranoia and desperation.