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If I’d studied harder, I would have passed my exam.

Questions:

What’s the “‘d” in the if-clause?

What tense is used in the if-clause and the main clause?

Why are they used in this way? What point(s) of time are they referring to?

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Do you study for your exam?

Do you get good grades for your exam?

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Bob is a lazy student who doesn’t revise for his architecture exams. Do you think he’ll have good grades?

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If Bob heats water, it boils.

If Bob wakes up late, he will be late to school.

If I were Bob, I would study for my exams.

What are they?

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Oaur Naur!! Bob failed his English exam!

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Oaur Naur!! Bob failed his English exam!

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He is reflecting on his own revision and come up with some thoughts…

I didn’t pass my exam.

I didn’t study hard enough.

I want to pass my exam.

How can we express that using Conditionals?

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What is necessary for Conditionals to happen?

If…

If-clause

Main clause

Past Perfect Tense in If-clause

Would +Present Perfect Tense/Present Perfect Continuous Tense in Main Clause

What are Type 3 Conditionals about?

An impossible condition in the past and its probable result

Hypothetical and unreal

Something you are regret of doing/happening

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Try to produce sentences regarding the situations below:

Example Situation:

I was very noisy in class. Ms. Chan asked me to stand outside the classroom.

Example Sentence:

If I hadn’t been very noisy in class, Ms. Chan would not have asked me to stand outside the classroom.

Situations to work on

1. I didn’t submit my homework. My teacher asked me to stay behind.

2. I slept in class. My teacher sent me to detention.

3. I didn’t have lunch. I was so hungry in the afternoon.

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If I’d studied harder, I would have passed the exam.

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Recall your memories. Work in groups of 2/3 and share 5 situations that you are regret of doing/not doing or something you wished to happen but did not.

My own example:

If I hadn’t come to Australia, I would have worked/been working at Hong Kong Disneyland.