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a reference to a popular person, place, work, or event with which the audience can be presumed to be familiar with

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the repetition of an initial consonant sound at the start of two or more words in close proximity

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a rhetorical device in which a word or phrase is repeated at the start of successive sentences or clauses to express emphasis

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when a character or narrator addresses a subject that is not fully present in the work- the subject could be inanimate, absent, deceased, or can simply be an idea

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two consecutive lines of poetry that typically rhyme and follow the same meter

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the linguistic choices made by an author to convey a certain tone or attitude throughout a work

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a literary genre in which the author tells the story through a series of letters or diary entries

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a device that illustrates, reveals, or emphasizes traits, values, and/or motivations about a character through comparison and contrast to another character

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when a narrative is being told/recalled by a character in the story (main or supporting); they may be telling it to another character or directly to the audience

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a figure of speech/literary device that makes a point through deliberate exaggeration or overstatement

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the utilization of figurative language to evoke the five senses and create a sensory experience or picture in the reader's mind

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a literary device that highlights the disparity between what the audience expects "should" happen and what actually does happen through contradictory statements or situations

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a literary device in which author's place two concepts, entities, or events side by side to create dramatic or ironic contrast to emphasize or reveal something

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a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two non-similar things; unlike simile in the way that a metaphor implies two things are identical rather than similar

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a metaphor (a comparison between two unlike things) that continues throughout the sentences of a paragraph or the lines of a poem; usually more than one sentence and is sometimes a full paragraph

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a speech made by a character in a work of literature, theater, or film; character may address other characters or the audience and share their internal thoughts or backstory

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the central, deeper meaning behind a work of literature, theater, or film; it is usually implied for the audience to interpret rather than outright stated

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a statement that seems to be contradictory, but upon reflection makes sense; commonly used to encourage the reader to consider an underlying logic in a seemingly self-contradictory statement

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sense of impending doom

presence of supernatural entities

mystery and horror components

death, isolation, distress

dark/decaying but grand settings like castles

melodrama

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significant changes in tone, mood, point of view, or other elements within a literary work

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emotionally sensitive protagonists/characters

love and cherishment of nature

individuality, uniqueness, and not fitting in

imagination and introspection

melancholy

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revival of the Greek literary traditions of tragic heroes whose own flaws cause their downfall, revolutionized by Shakespeare's more "ordinary" protagonists and enhancement through additional subplots and characters

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a form of speech/monologue spoken by a character that serves a way for said character to express their inner thoughts, and is not meant to be heard by other characters or the audience; action essentially pauses during a soliloquy

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reflects the writer's attitude toward the subject matter or audience; influences the relationship between the author and the audience and the intention/meaning behind the written words; could also be used to convey the attitudes and feelings of a character or narrator