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GROUPA

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(Individual) All 4 students must submit their discussion separately.  Write your name as the subject 

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(Individual) All 4 students must submit their discussion separately.  Write your name as the subject 

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You are required to fill in the blanks and make correct equation..

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LUQMAN HAKIM BIN NAZARUDDIN

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HAZIQ MUZAKKIR

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HAZIQ MUZAKKIR

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(Group) List ONE problem encountered for this experiment 

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(Group) List ONE problem encountered for this experiment 

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Record a 30s video saying what you have learned or gained from this experiment.

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(Group) Identify two precautions to improve the reliability of the experiment al results 

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(Group) Identify two precautions to improve the reliability of the experiment al results 

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1. MUHAMMAD HAZIQ MUZAKKIR BIN NOOR AZMAN

-MS2417121449

2. SYED ZAHIR ZAFRI BIN SYED MOHAMAD

-MS2417119989

3. LUQMAN HAKIM BIN NAZARUDDIN

-MS2417121483

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https://youtu.be/6pUU9Kv7tgo?si=hO9Bo8Z7gpFTvPLT

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Ethanal - brick red precipitate is formed

Benzaldehyde, propanone and Y - remain unchanged

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Ethanal - silver precipitate formed

Benzaldehyde - a mettalic silver mirror deposits on the wall of test tube

Propanone - no metallic silver mirror deposits on the wall of the test tube

Unknown Y - no silver precipitate formed

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Ethanal - Yellow precipitate formed

Propanone,Benzaldehyde and Unknown Y - no yellow precipitate formed

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Yellow orang precipitate is formed

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1. ALYSHA HAJAR BT MOHD FAIZAL

MS2417121344

2. NAFEESA NUR LIYANA BINTI MOHD FAIZAL

MS2417121430

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GROUP A

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4)C

5)A

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2:B

3:C

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HAZIQ MUZAKKIR

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ALYSHA HAJAR

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(A) Brady’s test

1. Approximately 1 mL of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine was placed into 4 separate test tubes.

2. Five drops of ethanol, benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y were added to the 4 test tubes accordin gly.

3. The test tubes were shaken.

4. The formation of a precipitate was observed.

(B) Fehling’s test

1. Approximately 1 mL of ethanol, benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y were placed in 4 separate test tubes.

2. Two mL of Fehling’s solution was added to each test tube.

3. The test tubes were gently shaken.

4. The mixtures were heated in a hot water bath for 15–20 minutes.

5. Observations were recorded.

(C) Tollens’ test

1. Tollens’ reagent was prepared by adding one drop of 10% NaOH to 2 mL of 0.3 M AgNO₃ in a boiling tube.

2. Five percent ammonia was added dropwise until the precipitate dissolved.

3. Approximately 1 mL of ethanol, benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y were placed in separate test tubes.

4. One mL of Tollens’ reagent was added to each test tube, and the mixtures were gently shaken.

5. The mixtures were allowed to stand for 3 minutes. If no change occurred, the mixtures were warmed in a water bath at 60–70°C for 5 minutes.

6. Observations were recorded.

(D) Iodoform test

1. Ten drops of iodine in potassium iodide solution were placed into 3 mL of distilled water in a boiling tube.

2. Five drops of ethanol were added to the boiling tube and shaken gently.

3. Ten percent NaOH was added drop by drop until the color of the iodine faded.

3. The mixture was allowed to stand for 2–3 minutes. If no precipitate formed, the boiling tube was warmed in a water bath at 60–70°C.

4. If the color of iodine disappeared, more iodine in potassium iodide solution was added until the color was retained, and Step 4 was repeated.

5. Observations were recorded.

6. The above steps were repeated with benzaldehyde, propanone, and unknown Y.

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1. Zhang, Y., & Liu, X. (2023). Inhibitory mechanism of cinnamon essential oil and its active components. In Natural Products and Drug Discovery (pp. 123-145). Springer.

2. Chibiryaev, A. M., & Morozov, I. A. (2018). Reduction of menthone with isopropanol in the presence of palladium on carbon. Petroleum Chemistry, 58(4), 331–336.

3. Urbach, G. (1997). The flavour of milk and dairy products: II. Cheese: contribution of volatile compounds. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 50(3), 79-89.

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LUQMAN HAKIM

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Luqman Hakim

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LUQMAN HAKIM

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LUQMAN HAKIM

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LUQMAN HAKIM BIN NAZARUDDIN

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1. Label test tube with labelling paper to avoid

2. Make sure the reagents bottles are closed to avoid harmful carbonyl vapour

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Difficulty on determining the color of iodine retained or not in iodoform test