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What is Malaria? How do people come into contact with Malaria?

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What is Malaria? How do people come into contact with Malaria?

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Malaria is a human pathogenic disease acquired by a female Anopheles mosquito bite, and in some cases, it can be life-threatening if not treated properly. With that said, this disease is treatable and even preventable. A specific parasite also causes this disease and can not be transmitted or spread from one person to another, only through blood transfusions or cross-contaminated needles.

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How do you prevent Malaria/ coming into contact with Malaria?

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How do you prevent Malaria/ coming into contact with Malaria?

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Malaria can be prevented in a few ways. The most obvious way to prevent Malaria is to avoid mosquito bites, however, this can be difficult unless you take precautious measures. These can include using mosquito repellents, wearing protective clothing, using window screens, and even using nets while sleeping in places where high levels of malaria are present. If you are traveling to another country and would like to take precautions before traveling it is smart to speak with your healthcare provider about taking medications before departure. Medicines such as chemoprophylaxis can be used in a treatment before, during, and after your travels to help with prevention. There is even now a new upbringing vaccine that can be used to prevent malaria recommended by the World Health Organization. The name of the vaccine is R21/Matrix-M

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Many symptoms of malaria can include fevers, body aches, chills or cold sweats, and even headaches. The most severe and life-threatening symptoms can consist of those similar to anaphylactic shock symptoms or fatigue, seizures, difficulty breathing, and even nausea and vomiting.

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The best treatment for Malaria is early diagnosis, which can most importantly prevent deaths. Malaria is treated by multiple medications on which your healthcare provider will decide for you based on the type of malaria, whether the parasite is resistant to certain medications being administered, the BMI of the recipient infected, and whether or not they are pregnant. The type of malaria is determined by different types of diagnostic testing either by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test. Most medications that are administered are in pill form and can include Quinine sulfate, Chloroquine Phosphate, Artemisinin-based combination therapies, Hydroxychloroquine, and Atovaquone (Malarone).

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According to the World Health Organization

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According to the World Health Organization

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"Globally in 2022, there were an estimated 249 million malaria cases and 608,000 malaria deaths in 85 countries."

"Malaria." World Health Organization. 4 December 2023. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria

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Anyone traveling to another country can come into contact with Malaria. Some high-risk countries include Africa, India, Oceania, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and the Americas. Those who may be at a higher risk of getting Malaria would be those with little to no immunity to the disease and can also include infants and young children, pregnant women, people with HIV/AIDS, and again travelers traveling to third-world countries or those who live in those rural areas.