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A model for understanding the intersection of pedagogical knowledge, technical knowledge, and content knowledge

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TPACK is the knowledge teachers use to integrate technology in their teaching. Each of the seven components of the TPACK framework are explained.

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A model for understanding the extent of technology integration into the classroom

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Good technology integration isn't about using the fanciest tool, it's about being aware of the range of options and picking the right strategy-or strategies-for the lesson at hand.

The biggest obstacle to teaching online probably isn't the technology. Teachers seek out educational technology, in fact, because it "can have considerable positive impacts on student performance," according to a 2016 study -improving test scores and allowing teachers to assess student achievement more efficiently. The big problem is how to integrate it: Beyond the sheer number of tech tools available, the same researchers identified "inadequate professional development and training" as the primary obstacle to using technology productively in classrooms.

Understandably, the emergence of the coronavirus has dramatically accelerated the process of integrating edtech, as educators around the country race to get online as fast as they can. But as many of our teachers have noted, the current state of K-12 online learning is more like triage-a form of crisis management-and not at all like skillfully managed distance education.

What's missing from the conversation right now, which makes sense given the immediacy of the need, is a focus on the bigger question of what the highest quality technology integration actually looks like. That's an important conversation to have, because in a post-coronavirus world there's likely to be a greater emphasis on digital learning, even as we return to physical schools and take advantage of face-to-face opportunities.

A Hierarchy of Tech Uses

A powerful conceptual tool to think about technology integration-and edtech's best uses-is the SAMR model, developed in 2010 by education researcher Ruben Puentedura, who was the 1991 recipient of a Phi Beta Kappa teaching award.

The SAMR model lays out four tiers of online learning, presented roughly in order of their sophistication and transformative power: substitution, augmentation, modification, and r edefinition. When switching to an online format, teachers often focus on the first two levels, which involve replacing traditional materials with digital ones: converting lessons and worksheets into PDFs and posting them online, or recording lectures on video and making them available for asynchronous learning, for example.
Creative Commons
Those are important steps, especially when teaching online for the first time, but in classrooms where tech integration has moved to the mastery level, the last two levels of the SAMR model-modification and redefinition-should also be in the mix. Students in classes where this kind of mastery is embedded find more novel and immersive uses for technology. They are creators and publishers of their own work across multiple forms of media, for example, or they are inviting professionals to provide feedback on their work products, or participating in digital forums with other peers around the world.

It's tempting to think of SAMR as a mountain to be summited. But good technology integration isn't about living at the top of the SAMR model; it's about being aware of the range of options and picking the right strategy-or strategies-for the lesson at hand.

Here's a closer look at good classroom practices at each level in the model:

Substitution

"Substitution" means replacing traditional activities and materials-like in-class lectures or paper worksheets-with digital versions. There is no substantial change to the content, just the way that it is delivered.

The goal here is to keep things simple: there's no need to reinvent the wheel. Scan your lessons and worksheets, convert them into PDFs, and post them online using Microsoft OneDrive, Google Drive, or a similar file-sharing service. Think about the information you have on your walls, such as the classroom norms, the daily schedule, or vocabulary lists, and convert them into digital formats that students can easily reference.

It may also help to provide synchronous as well as asynchronous versions of your lectures. If you're holding class meetings over a videoconferencing service like Zoom or Skype, provide a recording for students who can't attend. You can also create your own instructional videos for students to view at their own pace.

Augmentation

This level involves incorporating interactive digital enhancements and elements like comments, hyperlinks, or multimedia. The content remains unchanged, but students can now take advantage of digital features to enhance the lesson.

For example, students can create digital portfolios to create multimedia presentations, giving them more options to demonstrate their understanding of a topic. And instead of handing out paper quizzes, you can gamify your quizzes with tools like Socrative and Kahoot.

Teachers can also create virtual bulletin boards-using an app like Padlet -where students can post questions, links, and pictures.

Modification

At this level, teachers can think about using a learning management system like Google Classroom, Moodle, Schoology, or Canvas to handle the logistical aspects of running a classroom, like tracking grades, messaging students, creating a calendar, and posting assignments.

Teaching online opens up new channels of communication, many of which can help students who have traditionally been marginalized. Research shows that girls may be less likely to speak up in class, for example, so they may benefit from backchannels -alternative conversations that can run alongside instruction-that encourage participation.

Zoom's text chat feature, meanwhile, gives students an opportunity to write their questions out, which can feel less intrusive if there are dozens of students participating in the call. Also, students who prefer to collect their thoughts may benefit from slower-paced, asynchronous discussions in an online forum or email threads.

Redefinition

Learning is fundamentally transformed at the "redefinition" level, enabling activities that were previously impossible in the classroom.

For example, virtual pen pals can connect students to other parts of the world, whether it's with other students or experts in a field. Virtual field trips enable students to visit locations like the Amazon rainforest, the Louvre, or the Egyptian pyramids. After reading a book in class, you can invite the author to chat about their work and answer questions.

Technology also provides an opportunity to bring authentic audiences into your virtual classroom, and can make publishers out of your students. Kids can write their own wikis or blogs for public consumption and feedback-and platforms like Quadblogging can connect distant classrooms together so students both write and respond. Students can tackle local problems-like investigating the water quality of a nearby river-and invite members of the community to assess their digital proposals.

Going Beyond SAMR

Finally, consider how technology can be used not just as a way to deliver content, but also to strengthen relationships with your students. For elementary school teacher John Thomas, Seesaw and Flipgrid allow him to share a daily greeting, which his students then respond to-or to each other-with a typed or voiced comment. It's a good way to provide some stability while they're isolated.

How can my lesson be improved using technology?

How can I engage and empower students through technology?

How can online learning more closely resemble authentic, real-world learning?

Remember, again, that SAMR is sometimes thought of as a mountain to summit, but it's really more like a toolbox. The goal isn't to use the most sophisticated tool, but to find the right one for the job. More importantly, however, it's a way to reflect on your technology integration by thinking about a few key questions:

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A Powerful Model for Understanding Good Tech Integration

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Good technology integration isn't about using the fanciest tool, it's about being aware of the range of options and picking the right strategy-or strategies-for the lesson at hand.

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Enhance and Transform Your Lessons With SAMR

The SAMR model was developed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura to help teachers infuse technology into teaching. The model allows teachers to evaluate how they are using technology in their instructional practices. SAMR is an acronym that stands for four levels in the technology integration process: substitution, augmentation, modification, and redefinition.

What Does Each SAMR Level Look Like in the Classroom?

Below are various classroom examples of SAMR. As one moves through the levels, the technology becomes seamlessly woven into teaching and learning to encourage higher-order thinking.

Here are some examples of lessons enhanced with the SAMR model:

Original project/lesson: Book reviews, handwritten and turned in to the teacher.

Substitution: Students create book reviews using Google Docs and share them with the teacher.

Augmentation: Students use various add-ons for their book reviews, such as speech recognition or Read&Write for Google for voice notes and word prediction.

Modification: Students use Google Classroom to post their book reviews, receive peer feedback, and participate in ongoing discussions about their book.

Redefinition: Students use Animoto to create a 30-60 second book trailer. Working with the library media specialist in the school, the students turn the URL of their book trailer into a QR code, and then put their QR code into the book jacket for any student to scan and access the trailer.

Original project/lesson: Design a park project, drawn to scale on graph paper, with a letter written on paper to the mayor stating why their design should be chosen.

Substitution: Students use the internet instead of books to determine actual dimensions of the various items going into their park (playground equipment, building sizes, flower gardens, fountains, etc.).

Augmentation: Students use interactive whiteboard software tools, such as graph paper and shapes, to create their park drawn to scale.

Modification: Instead of a handwritten letter to the mayor, students create a multimedia presentation of why their park should be chosen with images and a video showing the process of their park design.

Redefinition: Students use Tinkercad, a 3D digital design program, to create their park to scale. Programs such as Snagit or an interactive whiteboard software recorder (such as the Recorder feature in the MimioStudio™ software) can be used by the students to record their screen as they explain their park project and why it should be chosen.

Original project/lesson: Regional animal adaptations.

Substitution: Students read various articles online about how animals adapt to their environment.

Augmentation: Students choose an animal and work in groups on a shared Google Presentation to research their animal and present their findings to the class.

Modification: Students put their presentations on a blog or online classroom to write learning reflections, post comments, and discuss peer learning.

Redefinition: Students use Skype in the Classroom to meet live with a science museum director to compare/contrast animal adaptations of their region with other animals in other regions of the United States. Prior to the live meeting, they use Google Earth to research various areas and animals of that region to determine what types of adaptations these animals might demonstrate.

Original lesson/project: Chart paper used to explain the steps of solving a problem.

Substitution: An interactive whiteboard replaces chart paper, on which students communicate and explain their steps in solving a problem.

Augmentation: The MimioMobile™ app is used so that all student groups can display their steps in solving a problem and work as a class to discuss and analyze the solutions.

Modification: Saved solution pages become part of students' annotated notes of problem-solving strategies.

Redefinition: Students use various applications (such as Explain Everything or the Recorder feature in the MimioStudio software) to begin creating their own e-portfolio of problem-solving strategies and student math tutorials.

Dr. Puentedura posts many of his presentation slides on his blog. All slides have a Creative Commons license, allowing them to be reproduced on other sites (with attribution). Here is one of his slides, which you may wish to refer to as you begin your transition through the various levels of SAMR:

Want to learn more about this fascinating topic? Register for our upcoming Rethinking Technology Integration in the Classroom webinar, offered on March 28 and May 2 at 4:30 ET. During this informative session, Lynn Erickson will be joined by fellow educator (and tech lover!) Paul Gigliotti to discuss how to seamlessly integrate technology into your curriculum using strategies from the SAMR and TPAC (Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge) models.

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The SAMR model was developed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura to help teachers infuse technology into teaching. The model allows teachers to evaluate how they are using technology in their instructional practices. SAMR is an acronym that stands for four levels in the technology integration process: substitution, augmentation, modification, and redefinition.

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Matt Miller's blog with lots of new ideas and updates on Ed tech and its uses in and around the classroom

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Hi, I'm Matt Miller. I love supporting teachers and saving them time. I'm all about deep, meaningful, FUN learning.

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Ditch That Textbook offers technology for teachers that allows them to revolutionize their classrooms. With these educational technology tools, teachers can embrace classroom innovation & creativity.

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Another Ed Tech blog with ideas Ed Tech ideas

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EdTech Consultant and Expert Monica Burns - Class Tech Tips

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Monica Burns is an EdTech consultant and expert who helps teachers, schools and technology developers use technology in the classroom better.

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An organization that provides a number of resources on Ed Tech. Additionally, it provides categorized reviews of Ed tech applications through its parents organization, Common Sense Media.

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An ELT long-time bogger with many insights into ELT and ed. tech. ideas.

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Interactive slideshow design and creation website

Slides produced independently, through Sway, with PDFs, with slide shows, or with images

Interactive Features (real time, auto-graded, collaborative, competitive learning games, and/or instant feedback)

Add real-time quiz questions to videos and presentation slides, polls, open-ended questions, and cooperative discussion boards

Students view and interact with slides from their device via a website--no app required

One of the interactive features could be used as part of Ignite to engage students. The slides could be used as part of the chunk, and the other interactive features could be used as part of the Chew process.

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Engage and assess your students in every lesson!

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Subscription required for full access

Unable to be freely experimented with

Interactive slides and content

Realtime, convenient quantitative assessments

As with Nearpod, Pear Deck presentations could be used as part of the Ignite, Chunk, and Chew process of a lesson.

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Pear Deck is on a mission to help teachers create powerful learning moments for every student, every day - using the tools you already know and love.

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Backchannel application with collaborative features

No account required for students (though required for students)

Some features are buggy and do not work

Opportunity to review and share notes, new vocab definitions, and tricky grammatical constructions

white board features allows for creative expression and non-verbal expression

Yo Teach could be used as a collaborative vocabulary preview and review tool for ELLs reading a text. Teachers could also reference it as an assessment of students learning needs.

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PALMS Backchannel Chat | The new alternative to Todaysmeet

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Record and edit screen recordings with option of

Subscription required for full features and practical use in classroom

In-video whiteboard features, notes

General clips editing features

In-video custom and AI-generated quiz questions

Automated quiz grading and reporting

Can be integrated into other LMSs

With its interactive features, ScreenPal could work well in flipped classrooms where students are still engaged by the Ignite, Chunk, Chew, Review processes. This application could be used as an engaging preparation for activities in class relating to grammar and vocabulary.

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To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports the newest version of JavaScript

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create virtual "classrooms" and assign videos to students

create interactive videos or access a library of community-made interactive videos

Allows teachers to assign projects to students where the students must respond by creating, cutting, and editing the video they choose to make it interactive

20 free videos before subscription required

Edpuzzle could be used in the context of a direct instruction classroom as a way to keep students engaged during longer videos. The student project feature that requires students to create interactive videos could be an alternative to a video presented by the teacher and would require the student to be more engaged with the content.

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Easily create beautiful interactive video lessons for your students you can integrate right into your LMS. Track students’ progress with hassle-free analytics as you flip your classroom!

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free tool that allows for the creation of posters, flyers, presentations, infographics and even videos

collaborative features: create a workspace where up to four other people can work on multiple files

This tool could be used as an effective way for student groups to collaborate to represent their learning by creating a product of their choice through the variety of types of files that this tool provides.

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Infographic Maker Trusted By 11 Million Users - Piktochart

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With Piktochart AI, you can create stunning infographics, reports, presentations, and more in seconds. No design experience needed. Start for free.

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A voice recording app that allows voice recordings to be imbedded into various formats, such as websites, LMSs, Google tools, and emails. The voice recordings can then be played by students by clicking on them.

Transcriptions and transcription translations also offered

Requires subscription

This tool could be used as a way to differential how information is presented and questions are asked on quizzes and tests. It also could be used to help ELL's comprehension of texts by presenting both oral and written input. Furthermore, this tool picks of the tone of voice of the speaker, which can convey a lot more information to students than plain written text.

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Mote | fast, friendly voice notes & feedback

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Mote saves you time and builds relationships with fast, friendly voice notes & feedback. Start today at https://mote.com/signup

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A platform designed to facilitate effective communication between parents and the school to improve family engagement

Multiple forms of communication media available

Translation feature that automatically translate all communications into the reader's preferred language

Paid subscription

This tool could be helpful with communicating to the parents to ELLs, as their cooperation is vital in supporting their child's learning of English, but also their native language. This tool's communication management system could be particularly useful if you have students from families with multiple language backgrounds. Instead of translating documents multiple times into different languages, ideally this platform will do it all for you.

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TalkingPoints - Improving student outcomes through meaningful school-family partnerships.

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TalkingPoints - Improving student outcomes through meaningful school-family partnerships.

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a free Google extension that provides a toolbar for any website that contains a picture dictionary, translator, text-to-speech tool, annotation features, and a text simplification tool.

This tool could be effective as a general help for ELLs. I imagine it could be particularly helpful for them in classes other than ESL classes when they join the general classroom as a way to make common resources more accessible.

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Boost reading and writing confidence across all types of content and devices, in class, at work, and at home.

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a free speech-to-text tool that removes "filler" words in its transcription

able to shorten and summarize transcription through AI

able to translate transcription to other languages

This tool could be used to help ELLs develop and maintain bilingualism by allowing them to speak, transcribe, and record their thoughts in their native language, thereby giving them practice with their native language, and then translate their thoughts into English for their teacher to examine. This tool could also support the student's home language in school if they are not literate in their home language.

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AudioPen — Speak Naturally, Write Clearly. In Any Style.

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AudioPen turns your voice notes into structured, perfectly edited text. Speak naturally, write clearly. In any style.

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Some more tech ideas and tools I have found as well as some applications.

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We’re currently checking your connection. This shouldn’t take long.If you keep getting this page, check if there’s a problem with Canva.

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More ideas and applications with Google tools.

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a gamified review tool that allows teachers to create their own set of flash cards with images

Review "hosted" by teacher in class and students join, similar to Kahoot

Different game formats for reviewing flash cards

This tool could be used as an engaging way to learn any vocabulary or review concepts in really any subject.

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an audio recording tool that can create QR codes, imbedded links, and links to the recorded audio

free; does not require an account

I could see this being used in station-rotation settings as an engaging way for the teacher to provide instructions for each station without being present. The teacher could record their instructions, print out an individual QR for each table, and then have students scan the QR codes to access the audio recording.

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Vocaroo is a quick and easy way to share voice messages over the interwebs.

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Direct Instruction Lesson Plan with Ed Tech

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Ernest Clausing - Direct Instruction + Ed Tech Lesson Plan

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Nearpod created to go along with Direct Instruction Lesson Plan

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Use the following links to explore Google Tools and pedagogical use suggestions.

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free tool

easy to use and familiar to students who already use Canva

Podcasts could be used history lessons to discuss a historical issue from the perspective of multiple people. The students could be assigned different historical groups to represent and then a narrator could present an issue common in their time and the students would respond with their group's reaction to the issue.

This format could also be used in science as a sort of recorded radio show where one student enquires a group of scientists about the research and experiment they have performed and the rest answer the questions. This could be used as a close to a unit.

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How Can Podcasts Be Used in Elem. Classrooms?

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free video editing software

a bit tricky to get used to

not the simplest for younger students

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applications for both students and teacher

text production, simplification, question creator

rubric creator, lexile level editor, subject tutor, writing feedback

Teachers are able to select which AI tools are available to students through their LMS and are able to customize how the AI interacts with the students.

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The writing feedback tool could be used to in an ELA classroom. First, the students could write their essay and submit it to the AI. Then they could edit their text based on what the AI recommended. To add an additional step of critical thinking, one could have the students could provide how they took the AI's advice and applied it to their writing. 

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Online book creator

Free tool

Collaborative features

Option of printing created book

Add personal media and audio recordings

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Story Jumper could be used to create something like a class year book, with a collection of images and descriptions of all the important events of the year. This could include the best of the student's poetry or other writing compositions, art projects, science experiments, or historical biographies. 

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StoryJumper: #1 rated site for creating story books

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Easiest way to create, narrate, and publish your own hardcover and paperback books. Read and listen to books from our worldwide community.

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Ernest Clausing - Student Centered Lesson Plan - Science

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A "safe" search engine designed for kids

Essentially an online encyclopedia with images

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This tool could be used as an efficient way for students to conduct research within the classroom without presenting student less-relevant information. This could be used with software like GoGuardian to make sure students stay on task.  

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Kiddle is a safe search engine, offering a safe web, image, and video search. Results are vetted by editors.

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MagicSchool.ai - AI for teachers - lesson planning and more!

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Join over a million teachers saving hours of time using the #1 AI Platform for Education, MagicSchool, to help lesson plan, differentiate, write assessments, write IEPs, communicate clearly, and more!

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Create word clouds, polls, quizzes, and surveys

Free tool

Collaborative creation

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This application could be used as a introduction to a  lesson to either measure what students already know and to get them thinking. One might prompt, "What words come to mind when you think of Thomas Edison?" or "What ideas from this unit do you feel you could brush up on?". The tool could also be used to for classroom organization tasks, such as determining which song a class would like to sing. Students could even use the survey feature for their own research.

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Participate in live polls, quizzes, and surveys - no login required. Enter the join code to vote and submit responses in real-time.

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Formative Assessment Tools in Other Sections

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Formative Assessment Tools in Other Sections

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Nearpod

PearDeck

ScreenPal

EdPuzzle

Blooket

Mentimeter

Wooclap

Socrative

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Online timeline maker

Collaborative Features

Free

A bit tricky to manipulate (would need to spend time learning the tool)

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Students could use this tool as part of an ongoing project in history, adding the different events they are learning about and seeing how they may have been influenced by each other. Teachers could also create in this too to give visuals for topics that contain timeline.

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Tiki-Toki Timeline Maker: Beautiful web-based timeline software

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Create beautiful interactive timelines that you can share on the web. The perfect timeline maker for company history timelines and school projects.

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Ed Tech

Looking back at your elementary, middle, and high school years - what was your very favorite test? I've asked many educators that question over the years, and usually I get that tell-tale cricket-chirping silence.

Sometimes an educator will look at me as if I have two heads, and asked, "What do you mean, 'favorite?' You mean a test I enjoyed?" Usually, if I get an answer at all, it is some variation of "I once got an 'A' on test I was sure I failed or that I studied really hard for."

Unfortunately, traditional tests don't inspire further learning. They don't reinforce knowledge (unless one counts cramming information that will be forgotten in a week or two as "reinforcing"). And they don't accurately reflect a full understanding of the content or an expertise of skills that were taught.

So, what is a better alternative? Authentic and creative assessments are perfect, and here's why.

A well-thought-out assessment:

Provides a comprehensive view of students' understanding

Gives students and opportunity to exercise critical thinking skills

Reinforces or furthers knowledge

Allows a range of intelligences to be expressed

Helps students create meaningful connections

Thinking creatively, you can adapt these ideas to fit any curriculum or subject. As you look through them, keep in mind (especially you STEM teachers!) that non-animated objects can be anthropomorphized to great and clever effect in some of these examples:

Here are 10 quick assessment ideas to use or inspire you.

One key to success for any authentic or creative assessment is to think carefully about what your learning goals are and create an assessment that not only helps you know where your students are at, but also how you can help them. Along with your feedback, ask students to reflect on their own work, and the other students'.
Feeling daring? Ask your students to help you come up with the assessment and bring them into the process!
Do you have a favorite assessment to contribute or have you been inspired with a new idea? Please share on Twitter by tagging me @OverthrowingEducation along with the #Ditchbook hashtag.

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Are you looking for quality, meaningful professional learning that both equips and inspires teachers?

Matt provides in-person and virtual keynotes, workshops and breakout sessions that equip, inspire and encourage teachers to create change in their classrooms. Teachers leave with loads of resources. They participate. They laugh. They see tech use and teaching in a new light. Click the link below to contact us and learn how you can bring Matt to your school or district!

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©2023 Ditch That Textbook by Matt Miller.

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This post is written by Batsheva Frankel an educational consultant at New Lens Ed. Batsheva has been in education for over 25 years and is the producer

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Interactive slideshow hosted on teacher's computer and presented in front of class

Students answer questions on their own devices

Limited to 2 questions in the free versions

Polls, surveys, multiple choice questions, true-false questions, map questions, etc.

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This tool could be used as to introduce or review a unit. 

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A collaborative platform for your conferences and your training sessions

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5 Ed. Tech. Takeaways | Piktochart Visual Editor

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A student screen monitoring software

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Limit browsing, and view browsing history

As soon as devices are open, you may find yourself spending more time monitoring students and policing the classroom than actually teaching the subject. With historical reporting and the ability to choose which websites to allow or block, you can feel confident leaving your computer, walking the class, and interacting with students face-to-face.

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Classroom Management & Computer Monitoring Software | GoGuardian Teacher

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As soon as devices are open, you may find yourself spending more time monitoring students and policing the classroom than actually teaching the subject. With historical reporting and the ability to choose which websites to allow or block, you can feel confident leaving your computer, walking the class, and interacting with students face-to-face.

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Free version - create tests and administer them to students

Automatic grading

Subscription required to create rooms of assigned students

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Login or sign up for free on Socrative - your assessment partner for real-time assessments and instant insights.

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AI powered review of provided material

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Can be used as a supplemental way for students to review an assigned reading if they are not confident in their reading comprehension. 

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Google NotebookLM | AI Research Tool & Thinking Partner

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Meet NotebookLM, the AI research tool and thinking partner that can analyze your sources, turn complexity into clarity and transform your content.

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Create AI generated presentations and images

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Gamma | Best AI Presentation Maker & Website Builder

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Design stunning presentations, websites, and more with Gamma—your all-in-one AI-powered design partner. No code or design experience needed.

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2, 5, 8 Strategy for choice boards

Choice board creator on MagicSchool

MagicSchool Historical Individual interview as an way of differentiating by interest

Diffit - Tool for lexile level differentiation and also for differentiation questions

Seesaw - Google classroom for kids

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World's most popular online marketplace for original educational resources with more than four million resources available for use today.

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Good warmup on multiplication facts and as data collection 2-5

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name randomizer

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Edit the terms in the boxes below then click the generate button. You can separate terms with commas or line breaks. Bookmark the resulting page (Ctrl + D) to re-use it.

Names

Title

Generate

Step 1: Modify the Google Spreadsheet Template

Make a copy of this template. (You'll need to sign-in with your Google account.)

Edit the column headings in row 2.
You may use up to 12 columns.

Create lists of names under the column headings.

Do not edit any cell with a blue background.

Step 2: Get Your Flippity.net Links

Click on the Click here link at the top of each column to view your Flippity Random Name Pickers.

Please note: You do not need to publish this spreadsheet in order to use it. Data is passed through the links generated in row 1.

Step 3: Bookmark and Share

Bookmark the pages to find them again quickly.

How do I make changes to my roster?

To make temporary changes, click More on the Random Name Picker page and then select Quick Edit. To make more permanent changes, either update your spreadsheet or use this page to generate a new link.

How can I make sure the spinner wheel doesn't pick a student twice?

The spinner wheel is truly random; every name has an equal chance of being picked each time you spin the wheel. Use the Single Name or Lineup tabs if you want each student to be selected once before repeating.

Can I change the size of the font on the spinner wheel?

Text will automatically adjust to fit the wheel, taking into account the length of text and the number of wedges.

If you need longer blocks of text consider using the Randomizer Wheel instead.

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Flippity.net: Random Name Picker Instructions

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Edit the terms in the boxes below then click the generate button. You can separate terms with commas or line breaks. Bookmark the resulting page (Ctrl + D) to re-use it.

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resources for a variety of math worksheets

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Welcome to the multiplication facts worksheets page at Math-Drills.com! On this page, you will find Multiplication worksheets for practicing multiplication facts at various levels and in a variety of formats. This is our most popular page due to the wide variety of worksheets for multiplication available. Or it could be that learning multiplication facts and multiplication strategies are essential to many topics in mathematics beyond third grade math.

Learning multiplication facts to the point of quick recall should be a goal for all students and will serve them well in their math studies. Multiplication facts are actually easier to learn than you might think. First of all, it is only essential to learn the facts from 1 to 9. Somewhere along the way students can learn that anything multiplied by zero is zero. Hopefully, that is an easy one. Students also need to learn to multiply by ten as a precursor to learning how to multiply other powers of ten. After those three skills are learned, everything else is long multiplication. Multiplying by 11 is actually two-digit multiplication. Now, learning fact tables of 11 and beyond will do no harm to those students who are keen and able to learn these things quickly, and it might help them figure out how many eggs are in a gross faster than anyone else, but keep it simple for those students who struggle a bit more.

Most Popular Multiplication Facts Worksheets this Week

Multiplication Tables

Five Minute Frenzy Charts

Multiplication Facts up to the 7 Times Table

Multiplication Facts up to the 9 Times Table

Multiplication Facts up to the 10 Times Table

Multiplication Facts up to the 12 Times Table

Multiplication Facts beyond the 12 Times Table

Multiplication Strategies

Multiplication Games

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Multiplication facts worksheets including times tables, five minute frenzies and worksheets for assessment or practice.