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Siege of Fort Pulaski on Tybee Island (1862)

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Siege of Fort Pulaski on Tybee Island (1862)

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This Siege was in 1862. It was the destruction of this fort which completed the Union Blockade. The North Prevented trade and supplies with Great Britain.

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Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863)

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Lincoln announced that slaves in the states that were rebelling were freed to make slavery the purpose of the war in addition to preserving the Union.

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This battle was Georgia's largest and bloodiest battle. It was a Confederate victory which forced the Union to retreat to Chattanooga but it just delayed the Atlanta Campaign, not stopping it.

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This was a series of battles so the the Union General could capture the "heart of the Confederacy". Atlanta was the hub of the Confederacy with more railroads than any other Southern states.

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After staying in Atlanta for two months Sherman and his troops burned the city. They marched from Atlanta to Savannah destroying crops, buildings, railroad lines, and communication. The point was to destroy the South's capability to fight.

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Andersonville was a Confederate prison camp for the captured Union soldiers. It had harsh conditions such as severe overcrowding, lack of clean water, food, and medical care which led to horrifying conditions and deaths to over 13,000 people. The Commander Henry Wirz was executed for his war crimes.

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Freedmen's Bureau was an opposing group of Ku Klux Klan that had many goals. Their goals were provide food, build schools and hospitals, supervise labor contracts, and provide legal aid. The outcomes were modern public school system and HBCUs.

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The KKK was established in 1865 by former Confederate Veterans in Tennessee. They had spread, terrorized the Freedmen's Bureau, and attempted to stop the Bureau's efforts to help former slaves by 1870.

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"The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. The 13th Amendment was passed by Congress on January 31, 1865 and ratified on December 6, 1865. “Passed” means the House of Representatives and the Senate voted for it and “Ratified” means the states approved it."

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Lincoln wanted a 10% loyalty oath, outlaw slavery, but he was assassinated. Lincoln wanted to bring the U.S. together. Lincoln was shot on April 14, 1865 (died the next morning).

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Johnson wanted to ratify the 13th amendment, return Confederate land, oppose Freedmen's Bureau, but he was impeached.

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During Reconstruction, former slaves participated in GA politics. In 1872, ninety-six African Americans served in the State Legislature. Three of the 96 were more well-known, Henry McNeal Turner, Tunis Campbell, and Aaron Bradley.

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"The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.
The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. The Senate passed the 14th Amendment on June 8, 1866, followed by the House of Representatives on June 13, 1866. The States ratified the 14th Amendment on July 28, 1868. "

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"The 15th Amendment ensures the right to vote to all male citizens of the United States, regardless of color or previous condition of servitude. The House of Representatives passed the 15th Amendment on February 25, 1869, followed by the Senate on February 26, 1869. It was ratified by the States on March 30, 1870. The first African American man to exercise his right to vote was Thomas Mundy Peterson from Perth Amboy, New Jersey."

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"Congress was led by the Radical Republicans at the time and they wanted to make sure the Southern States agreed to the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. Once Georgia ratified all three of the new Amendments, the state was readmitted back into the Union (United States) as a state with equal partnership."