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How do new substances form?

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What is the reddish-brown substance in the water?

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1. Different substances have different properties.

2. Things that are too small(or too large)to see can be studied with models.

3. Substances have different properties because they are made of different groups of atoms. These groups vary in the type or number of atoms that make up the group.

4. Groups of atoms repeat to make up a substance.

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Property: something that can be observed about a substance, such as color, smell, or boiling point.

Substance: something that is made of all the same atoms or groups of atoms.

Melting point: the temperature at which a substance changes from the solid phase to the liquid phase.

Boiling point: the temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase.

Atoms: the tiny pieces that all matter- all the stuff in the world-is made of.

Scale: the relative size of things.

Element: a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Extended structure: a structure formed by repeating groups of atoms linked together in a large network.

Repeating atom group: a group of atoms that are repeated within a molecule.

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Claim 3: The reddish-brown substance is not the same substance as either the fertilizer or the substance that makes up the pipes.

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Picture of the pipe substance, fertilizer, and reddish-brown substance.

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Picture of the pipe substance, fertilizer, and reddish-brown substance.

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How did the rust form? The rust formed from the fertilizer and the pipe substance during a chemical reaction.

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5. During a chemical reaction, one or more starting substances (reactants) change into one or more different substances (products).

6. During a chemical reaction, atoms do not change from one type to another.

7. During a chemical reaction, atoms rearrange to form different groups of atoms.

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Chemical reaction: a process in which atoms rearrange to form new substances.

Reactant: a starting substance that is part of a chemical reaction.

Product: an ending substance that is made during a chemical reaction.

Rearrange: to change the order or position of something.

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Claim 3: The iron pipes and the fertilizer changed into rust.

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What was produced during the reaction between the iron pipes and the fertilizer?

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8. During a chemical reaction, all of the atoms that make up the reactants rearrange to form the products.

9. During a chemical reaction, atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

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Claim 2: During the chemical reaction, the rust and another substance was produced.

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Substances formed by the iron pipe and fertilizer.

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Substances formed by the iron pipe and fertilizer.

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Rust and sodium nitrate were formed by those reactants.