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Indian migrants were taken to colonies in the British Empires such as Mauritius, Uganda, and South Africa. The Indians worked on plantations, in mines, and railway systems.

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Indians migrated into British colonies after 1834 in order to meet the shortage of agricultural labor resulting from the abolition of slavery. This shortage threatened to destroy the sugar industry and involve Great Britain in the humiliation of buying sugar from slave labor areas. Most laborers went willingly, but they were not fully aware of the conditions they would face. By 1870, the labor system for Indians was well established in the Caribbean, South Africa, Mauritius, British Guiana, and Trinidad.

https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/emigration-immigration-and-diaspora-relations-india

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How did Indians migrate around the world? || 400 Years: Britain and India || Episode 5

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How did Indians migrate around the world? || 400 Years: Britain and India || Episode 5

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The British East India Tea company employed many British people in India. Since the costs of living in India were much lower than living in the UK, British workers could afford to hire many Indians to help with housework, called Ayahs. When they returned home, many families brought their best servants with them to help on the voyage home. Once they arrived in the UK, the Ayah’s jobs were done and they were let go. Since they could not afford the trip back to India, many stayed in Britain and found permanent jobs.

https://www.ourmigrationstory.org.uk/oms/a-home-for-the-ayahs-

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Ayahs in a temporary home in London after having their employment terminated 

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Many British families returned to Britain from India for the summer to escape the heat. During this time, they brought their ayahs with them to take care of their children. After the summer, they returned to India for their jobs working for the East India tea company. This is seasonal movement that occurs every summer.

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Families are less likely to make international moves than adults

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Families are less likely to make international moves than adults

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This is partially true. Managers for tea, coffee, and rubber plantations located in Sri Lanka, Malaya, and Burma hired headman to recruit families to work on their plantations. The entire family would migrate to one of the countries listed above. On the other hand, sugar plantations in Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Fiji would mainly employ individual men and British families working for the East India Company would employ women to take care of their children.

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Urban residents are less migratory than inhabitants of rural areas

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Urban residents are less migratory than inhabitants of rural areas

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This is true since the laborers working on sugar plantations were mainly recruited from rural areas. They were likely more attracted to this opportunity because poverty rates in rural areas are higher than those in cities, and they thought that new opportunities and higher pay would better their quality of life in foreign countries.

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Indian migrants voluntarily went to British colonies because they were not aware of the conditions they would be working in. At the time, migrating to British colonies seemed to be a better choice than staying in India where there was famine and poverty.

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Indians were told that they would receive good, fair wages and thought of it as a way to escape famine and poverty in India. Most were also told that would be compensated for the cost of their journey. These factors, although later proved to not be true, were appealing to the Indians which pushed them to migrate to British colonies.

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Every migration flow involves a countermigration

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Every migration flow involves a countermigration

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This law isn’t true for the migration of Indians into the British Empire. Indian migrants were forced into labor and were not allowed to return to India. The British Empire needed more labor workers and refused to return any migrants. If the migrants tried to escape, they would be recaptured/imprisoned.

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The majority of migrants move a short distance

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The majority of migrants move a short distance

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This law of migration doesn’t apply to the migration of Indians into the British Empire. Indian migrants were moved to extremely distant countries that were a part of the British colonies. These countries included Fiji, Mauritius, Ceylon, Trinidad, Guyana, Malaysia, Uganda, Kenya, and South Africa.

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Migrants who move longer distances tend to choose big cities

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Migrants who move longer distances tend to choose big cities

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This law isn’t true for the migration of Indians to British colonies. Indian migrants did not have the choice of choosing where they wanted to go to. They were placed in British colonies where laborers were needed. Although the Indian migrants did move a long distance, they did not choose big cities as their main goal of migration was to escape the food shortages in India.

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Since the Ayah’s traveled from India to Britain with the British families they worked for and we’re unable to afford the expenses of the voyage back, they stayed in Britain permanently. Since they left the borders of their home country, this is international migration.

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Indian workers on foreign plantations led very structured lives due to the regulations of their rulers. Those who didn’t do enough work or disobeyed orders were severely punished. Because of this, activity spaces for those workers were limited to the plantation and the barracks they slept on.