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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSfvWiUt_l8
Start at 0:50

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1911: The Douglas family immigrated from Scotland to Canada and settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba. 

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1911: The Douglas family immigrated from Scotland to Canada and settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba. 

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At 12 years old, Tommy suffered from osteomyelitis after a fall

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At 12 years old, Tommy suffered from osteomyelitis after a fall

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Thanks to a successful surgery, he was able to keep his leg. This experience inspired the belief that quality medical care should be available to all Canadians.

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1919: Douglas watched as the North-West Mounted Police members fired their revolvers into a crowd of protesters, killing and wounding them. This left a lasting impression on him.

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1919: Douglas watched as the North-West Mounted Police members fired their revolvers into a crowd of protesters, killing and wounding them. This left a lasting impression on him.

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While he was delivering newspapers, Tommy Douglas watched RCMP officers firing into a crowd of striking workers, on June 1919 day that came to be known as Bloody Saturday – the violent end of the Winnipeg General Strike. The Mounties shot two men dead and arrested the Douglas family’s pastor, J.S. Woodsworth.

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He was finishing the complete High School curriculum and qualifying for the ministry. He would make a difference as a pastor and began to save money for theological studies.

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In 1935, Douglas became one of the first CCF (Co-operative Commonwealth Foundation) Members of Parliament, the beginning of a nine-year run as an MP. The fiery debates of Parliament gave him a chance to polish his oratory skills that had served him in the pulpit. The CCF is constantly in conflict with the established Liberal and Conservative parties and Douglas dives into these debates headfirst.

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1944. With the leadership of the Saskatchewan provincial CCF vacant, Douglas returned home in 1942 to lead the party. He led the CCF to a resounding victory in the 1944 provincial election, kicking off five terms as Premier of Saskatchewan. His government is the first social democratic government elected in North America. The opposition derides him as a communist or worse, but Douglas sets out to modernize rural Saskatchewan. He brings electricity to family farms and provides a much needed expansion of health care in the province, wiped out provincial debt, and set up government owned companies in forestry, insurance, housing, and transportation among other achievements.

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They created the first bill of rights: In 1947, Saskatchewan passed the Acts to Protect Certain Civil Rights — the first bill of rights in Canada. It protected freedoms of conscience, expression, association, freedom from arbitrary detention, and rights to elections, employment, education and property. It also barred citizens from discriminatory restrictions, such as keeping people of a certain “race, colour, creed, religion or nationality” from using a service or establishment.

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1959: Introduction of universal health care

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1959: Introduction of universal health care

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1959 is the year that Douglas is finally able to make his Medicare plan public. His plan covers every person in Saskatchewan with pre-paid, publicly administered health care. Saskatchewan doctors and Douglas’ political opponents attack the plan viciously. Yet by the time Medicare was adopted in Saskatchewan in 1962, these attacks dissipated. Douglas does not see Medicare implemented under his watch, as he leaves provincial politics in 1961.

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In 1961 he become leader of the federal New Democratic Party (NDP)

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On Nov. 29, 2004, Tommy Douglas was named The Greatest Canadian of all time by voters across Canada. Douglas’ social democratic legacy is widely appreciated by people from coast to coast and his legacy can be seen in the social and medical programs that serve Canadians.

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Tommy Douglas' grandson Kiefer Sutherland presents the Story of Mouseland

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Tommy Douglas' grandson Kiefer Sutherland presents the Story of Mouseland

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It's the story of a place called Mouseland. Mouseland was a place where all the little mice lived and played, were born and died. And they lived much the same as you and I do.

They even had a Parliament. And every four years they had an election. Used to walk to the polls and cast their ballots. Some of them even got a ride to the polls. And got a ride for the next four years afterwards too. Just like you and me. And every time on election day all the little mice used to go to the ballot box and they used to elect a government. A government made up of big, fat, black cats.

Now if you think it strange that mice should elect a government made up of cats, you just look at the history of Canada for last 90 years and maybe you'll see that they weren't any stupider than we are.

Now I'm not saying anything against the cats. They were nice fellows. They conducted their government with dignity. They passed good laws--that is, laws that were good for cats. But the laws that were good for cats weren't very good for mice. One of the laws said that mouseholes had to be big enough so a cat could get his paw in. Another law said that mice could only travel at certain speeds--so that a cat could get his breakfast without too much effort.

All the laws were good laws. For cats. But, oh, they were hard on the mice. And life was getting harder and harder. And when the mice couldn't put up with it any more, they decided something had to be done about it. So they went en masse to the polls. They voted the black cats out. They put in the white cats.

Now the white cats had put up a terrific campaign. They said: "All that Mouseland needs is more vision." They said:"The trouble with Mouseland is those round mouseholes we got. If you put us in we'll establish square mouseholes." And they did. And the square mouseholes were twice as big as the round mouseholes, and now the cat could get both his paws in. And life was tougher than ever.

And when they couldn't take that anymore, they voted the white cats out and put the black ones in again. Then they went back to the white cats. Then to the black cats. They even tried half black cats and half white cats. And they called that coalition. They even got one government made up of cats with spots on them: they were cats that tried to make a noise like a mouse but ate like a cat.

You see, my friends, the trouble wasn't with the colour of the cat. The trouble was that they were cats. And because they were cats, they naturally looked after cats instead of mice.

Presently there came along one little mouse who had an idea. My friends, watch out for the little fellow with an idea. And he said to the other mice, "Look fellows, why do we keep on electing a government made up of cats? Why don't we elect a government made up of mice?" "Oh," they said, "he's a Bolshevik. Lock him up!" So they put him in jail.

But I want to remind you: that you can lock up a mouse or a man but you can't lock up an idea.

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The Story of Mouseland: As told by Tommy Douglas in 1944

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What themes did you notice in the Mouseland story? Why do you think Tommy Douglas liked to recount it? Why is it relevant today?

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https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/tommy-douglas
https://www.canadashistory.ca/explore/politics-law/history-idol-tommy-douglas
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/canadian-bill-of-rights
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/tommy-douglas-timeline-b775ebb5-f3f0-4513-a7f1-106fbecbb369
https://www.canadashistory.ca/explore/politics-law/history-idol-tommy-douglas