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PDFs & Articles

1. Scaffolding Instruction for ELLs (Grades 3–9)
This PDF breaks down scaffolding strategies by grade — super useful for planning lessons that meet students where they are.
https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/bilingual-ed/intro-scaffolding-instruction-gr-3-10-a.pdf

2. Scaffolding Tools for Hybrid Learning
A set of printable tools and checklists for scaffolding, perfect for both in-person and online classes.
https://www.eteachny.org/ells-and-mlls/ells-in-distance-learning-or-hybrid-settings/

3. Funds of Knowledge: Using Students’ Backgrounds as Strengths
This article really helped me rethink how to use students’ home experiences in teaching instead of ignoring them.
https://ospi.k12.wa.us/sites/default/files/2023-10/funds_of_knowledge_toolkit.pdf

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4. Co-Teaching with ELs
A helpful video showing how general and ESL teachers can team up to support language learners better.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7IfQ8oYPBA

5. How to Use WIDA Can Do Descriptors
This video breaks down how to use language proficiency levels to plan lessons — makes differentiation way easier.
https://wida.wisc.edu/teach/can-do/descriptors

6. What Is Culturally Responsive Teaching?
A short video explaining how to make lessons meaningful and respectful of different cultures in the classroom.
https://www.nationalequityproject.org/culturally-responsive-teaching?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=10389950117&gbraid=0AAAAAC0BhUByucfVW6ctsPof9kkgYDTDY&gclid=Cj0KCQjwgvnCBhCqARIsADBLZoJVrqhGAardU4rxNVhKkJXCGSIslmKh8G98cYatB09jGuc_2fBtj3caArjDEALw_wcB

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A simple chart with phrases to help ELLs get comfortable speaking in class discussions.
https://www.facinghistory.org/en-gb/resource-library/essay-structure-sentence-starters?utm_term=&utm_campaign=DSA&utm_source=adwords&utm_medium=ppc&hsa_tgt=dsa-19959388920&hsa_grp=75449327748&hsa_src=g&hsa_net=adwords&hsa_mt=&hsa_ver=3&hsa_ad=333182733490&hsa_acc=4949854077&hsa_kw=&hsa_cam=1635938820&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=1635938820&gbraid=0AAAAADm8mobA7MMkHUhMFhOjZS3ngYNYl&gclid=Cj0KCQjwgvnCBhCqARIsADBLZoIqzYJOpBlmB_gVoUiJGYKzruXTCSxkv4wiuoytKlqI-n_1yixuiZ0aAjEeEALw_wcB

8. Frayer Model Graphic Organizer
A great tool for vocabulary learning — students define, give examples, and draw, and pictures really do assist ELL students.
https://www.theteachertoolkit.com/index.php/tool/frayer-model

9. Multilingual Word Wall Idea
Shows how to create a word wall that caters to students’ home languages and visuals to support understanding.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jHgoy6iZQpM

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Give students this planning sheet to help them structure and write effective essays.

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10. Student Identity Map Activity
Students map out their identity and culture. It helps build classroom community and helps me get to know my students better.
https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/exploring-identity-0?utm_term=&utm_campaign=DSA&utm_source=adwords&utm_medium=ppc&hsa_tgt=dsa-19959388920&hsa_grp=75449327748&hsa_src=g&hsa_net=adwords&hsa_mt=&hsa_ver=3&hsa_ad=333182733490&hsa_acc=4949854077&hsa_kw=&hsa_cam=1635938820&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=1635938820&gbraid=0AAAAADm8mobA7MMkHUhMFhOjZS3ngYNYl&gclid=Cj0KCQjwgvnCBhCqARIsADBLZoImhs_zXAICGKdKlt4hIdIvsZD4XNOG75fb44l3n2EYCSZLTa6Vm3saArIdEALw_wcB

11. “My Language, My Story” Journal Prompt
A writing prompt that invites students to share their language journeys. It’s a meaningful way for them to express themselves.
https://www.mylanguagemystory.com/our-stories/

12. Diverse Books List for Classrooms
A list of books featuring multicultural and multilingual characters — great for making the classroom library more inclusivehttps://www.embracerace.org/resources/where-to-find-diverse-childrens-books?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=22478811987&gbraid=0AAAAADIbbb2Ev9CmG2iFP6XZRTSDQF1Q6&gclid=Cj0KCQjwgvnCBhCqARIsADBLZoJU0lK_7AyRJf6RtAFucnZXOPw_WidvK8f95RzkPXVB1Cm3f6V00WcaAim2EALw_wcB

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Students identify the social and cultural factors that help shape our identities by analyzing firsthand reflections and creating personal identity charts.

Using the strategies from Facing History is almost like an awakening.

- Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif

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Students identify the social and cultural factors that help shape our identities by analyzing firsthand reflections and creating personal identity charts.

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13. Krashen’s Input Hypothesis Explained Simply
This explains how learners best pick up language when it’s just a bit harder than what they know — really useful for lesson planning.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/video/what-is-comprehensible-input.html

14. BICS vs. CALP (Cummins)
This explains why conversational language is learned much faster than academic language.
https://www.colorincolorado.org/faq/what-are-bics-and-calp

15. Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development
This shows how learn better with some support on tasks that are a little more advanced than what they can do independently.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYF5HefF6wA

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16. Parent Engagement Ideas
This video gives tips to connect with families, including ways to communicate in their home languages.
https://www.colorincolorado.org/video/ell-parent-engagement-ideas

17. Learning for Justice
Great source for lessons on inclusion, equity, and anti-bias teaching. I find new ideas here all the time.

https://www.learningforjustice.org/

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Colorín Colorado is a national multimedia project that offers a wealth of bilingual, research-based information, activities, and advice for educators and families of English language learners (ELLs). Colorín Colorado is an educational service of WETA, the flagship public broadcasting station in the nation’s capital, and receives major funding from the American Federation of Teachers and National Education Association. © Copyright 2023 WETA Public Broadcasting.

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18. Free Graphic Organizers for ELLs
These are organizers that are made to help students organize their thoughts while practicing reading and writing.
https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/browse/student-practice/graphic-organizers/free/esl-efl-ell

19. How to Scaffold Grade-Level Text
Tips and real examples for helping ELLs understand grade-level reading.

https://www.theliteracyarchitects.com/seven-strategies-to-scaffold-grade-level-texts/

20. 3 Quick Ways to Scaffold Lessons for ELLs
PBS helps explain simple and effective scaffolding strategies to support students’ input, interaction, and output.
https://my.pblworks.org/resource/document/english_learner_scaffolds_for_pbl?gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=22333475221&gbraid=0AAAAADvMOWaXzC-iYfejLn0-ie_v_voLs&gclid=Cj0KCQjwgvnCBhCqARIsADBLZoIanxm2UQjp7_wMPwB7cN2oFsGZmububhZ_eT4xJoaBlarlBOXXnvYaAoy8EALw_wcB

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