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Overpopulation during the Industrial Revolution

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Overpopulation during the Industrial Revolution

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During this time period, more and more people started coming to the US, especially for work opportunities. Overpopulation caused contaminated water, pollution, polluted air from coal, and health problems such as cholera. However, this also started the birth of more theatres, museums, circuses, and stores in the US.

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Brought workers and machinery together in one place to produce goods. However, working conditions were poor.

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Samuel Slater was a skilled mechanic in a British textile mill. He visited Moses Brown, a Quaker capitalist who had a Mill in Pawtucket, RI. The Mill was not doing well, so Slater set to work on improving the Mill. By 1793, he built what became the first successful textile mill in the United States that was powered by water. His factory was a huge success. Before long, other American manufacturers started using his ideas.

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Cities Growing - Lowell Massachusetts 1800s

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Cities Growing - Lowell Massachusetts 1800s

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In the 1800s, cities began to emerge around factories. They built an entire factory town and named it after Francis Lowell. In 1821, Lowell, Massachusetts, was a village of five farm families. By 1836, it boasted more than 10,000 people. Cities grew, and boarding houses were created, opening more jobs, which allowed better pay and financial freedom.

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Boys and girls as young as 7 worked in factories. Small children were especially useful in textile Mills because they could squeeze around the large machines to change spindles. Often, a child's wages were needed to help support the family.

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In 1825, Jethro Wood began the manufacture of an iron Plow with replaceable parts. John Deere improved on the idea when he invented the lightweight steel plow. Earlier plows made of iron or wood had to be pulled by oxen, which were strong but slow. A horse, less strong, but faster than an ox, could pull a steel plow through a field more quickly.

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This included the Lowell Girls. Women left their farms and worked in factories. These jobs were low paying, and some women worked up to 12 hours daily.

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Created by Samuel Morse. Sent electrical signals along a wire. Used sequences of dots and dashes to represent numbers, letters, and symbols.

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In 1846, Elias Howe patented a sewing machine. A few years later, Isaac Singer improved on Howe's machine. Soon, clothing makers bought hundreds of the new sewing machines. Workers could now make dozens of shirts in the time it took a tailor to sew one by hand.

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This Mechanical Reaper was created by Cyrus McCormick in 1847. This was a horse drawn machine that increased the efficiency of grain harvesting and collecting grain.