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1. The Iroquis Confedarcy was an alliance of six native american nations. The alliance formed around 1450. It was governed by the Great Law of Peace.

2. Iroquis Confederacy

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The Confederacy impacted regions history by influencing colonial politics and inspiring parts of the U.S. Constitution. 

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1607-1750: Colonial and Puritan Writings

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1607-1750: Colonial and Puritan Writings

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1. The Plymouth Plantation detailed the pilgrims' journey from England on the Mayflower. They had many experiences with disease and starvation. They had to build a new society in a foreign land. Then they had to develop a government and laws.

2. Plymouth Plantation

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The American government was based off of the Plymouth Plantation. 

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1. It was a period of conflict where the 13 colonies fought for independence. The tensions over taxation led to open rebellion and ultimately, the formation of the United States of America. The Declaration of Independence outlines the ideals of individual liberty, stating that all men are created equal.

2. The Declaration of Independence

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By fostering a distinct national identity and encouraging the development of an independent literary and political voice

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1. Romanticism, emerging in the late 18th to mid-19th century, was a literary and artistic movement that emphasized emotion, imagination, and a deep appreciation for nature, often celebrating individual freedom and rebellion against social norms. Building on these ideas, Transcendentalism developed in early to mid-19th-century America as a philosophical movement that focused on the inherent goodness of people and nature, promoting self-reliance, intuition, and a direct spiritual connection through the “inner light.” Both movements valued personal experience and the natural world, profoundly influencing American literature and culture by encouraging individuals to seek truth beyond reason and societal expectations.

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The Romantic and Transcendentalist periods profoundly shaped the American voice by establishing a distinct national identity separate from European traditions, emphasizing individualism and self-reliance, and elevating nature as a unique source of spiritual wisdom. 

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1. Realism, emerging in the mid to late 19th century, focused on portraying everyday life and ordinary people with honesty and detail, often addressing social issues without romanticizing them. Regionalism, a subset of Realism, highlighted the distinct customs, dialects, and landscapes of specific American regions to capture their unique cultural identities. Together, these movements aimed to provide a truthful, localized picture of American life.

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The Realism and Regionalism period, emerging after the Civil War, fundamentally reshaped the American literary voice by championing authenticity and moving away from romanticism. By focusing on the everyday lives of ordinary people, their struggles, and their distinct regional cultures, these movements democratized American literature and broadened the national identity to include a wider range of experiences. 

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The modernist era started in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This movement was about breaking away from traditional forms and responding to the rapidly changing modern world, which was caused by the recent war. The artists in this era wanted their art to show feelings of confusion, loneliness, and doubt about the world. They used new styles, enhanced with structure, and focused on individual thoughts and experiences.

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Modernism reflects the American voice by capturing the changing identity for the United States during a time of rapid growth. As America became more industrialized and diverse, modernist writers and artists began to question traditional values and express the feelings of disillusionment, isolation, and hope that many Americans experienced. Their work often focused on the individual’s inner thoughts and struggles. Authors like F. Scott Fitzgerald and William Faulkner used modernist styles to explore themes like the loss of the American Dream, race, class, and identity.

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1. The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place during the 1920s, centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. It marked a flourishing of African American literature, music, art, and intellectual thought, celebrating Black identity and challenging racial stereotypes. Key figures like Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Duke Ellington used their work to express pride, explore the Black experience, and push for civil rights and equality, leaving a lasting impact on American culture.

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The Harlem Renaissance contributed to the American voice by establishing and amplifying the artistic and intellectual contributions of African Americans, fostering a new sense of identity and pride, and challenging racist stereotypes.

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Postmodernism is a broad intellectual, cultural, and artistic movement that emerged in the mid-20th century as a reaction against modernist ideals. It emphasizes irony, fragmentation, and the blending of styles and genres. Art from this era often blurs the boundaries between high and low culture and challenges traditional ideas of originality and meaning.

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It reflects the American voice by complexity, diversity, and contradictions of American culture. With the wake of rapid social, political, and technological change after the war. Post-modernism gives a voice to a fragmented, multifaceted America that resists a single, unified identity.

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