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Who are the central groups/individuals involved in your Topic?

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Who are the central groups/individuals involved in your Topic?

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The Civil War is known to be fought by the union (north) and the confederacy (south). The union strongly opposed slavery and disagree with the confederacy ideals of . Abraham Lincoln was the president when the civil war was beginning. He issued the emancipation proclamation that declared forever free those slaves within the Confederacy. Although all these people participated in the war, such as black Americans, the union army, and the confederacy army, there were native Americans that fought in the civil war.  Native Americans took a role in the war by even fighting against themselves. When the union won, the Cherokees who were on the border of the confederacy side, the Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Seminoles faced the loss of their territories.

https://www.americanyawp.com/text/14-the-civil-war/

http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=411

https://youtu.be/YwVxhB41HiI

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AF-068: Native Americans in the Civil War | A Forgotten History | Ancestral Findings Podcast

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What are the central goals of those involved? What conflicts arise from these goals?

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What are the central goals of those involved? What conflicts arise from these goals?

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During the Civil War, a 30-year war began, the Native Americans and the Government of the United States began to have their contradictions and that led to massacres such as that of Sand Creek or the death of 350 deaths of whites in august 1862 in New Ulm,it all started when the government refused to give the Santee Sioux a yearly payment and agricultural aid and they were confined to a territory 150 miles long and just 10 miles wide. All this happened after the war, since when the Union won, the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Seminoles had many consequences since they sided with the Confederacy in part, some did so because some tribes owned slaves, the government began to cut their territory and even to make the tribes sell them at a very low price.

The main objectives of this thirty-year war were for territory and for demanding respect from the whites, through a letter from the Cherokee chief (John Ross) to President Lincoln, Ross mentions why he joined the confederation, that they were forced and that he is on the side of the Union that the Cherokees fight under their flag, all this with the purpose of asking President Lincoln for military protection for life and property, this worked for them since President Lincoln replied "Meanwhile, the Cherokee people who remain practically loyal to the federal Union will receive all the protection that can be afforded them in accordance with the duty of the government of the entire country.I sincerely hope that the Cherokee country will not again be invaded by the enemy; and I will do everything whatever is in my power to avoid it" (1833).
https://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=411

In part, the main objectives of the Native Americans were respect and that what they had been promised would be fulfilled, as was the case with the Santee Sioux. In a document written by the Ojibway leader, he mentions the relations of the Native Americans with the missionaries and the government and in this he mentions something that I find very interesting and true, Ojibway mentions "the Missionaries & the Government have been trying for many years to educate & civilize the Indians" and it is true, the objective of the first conquistadores was always to change their beliefs and their way of acting I think that what the Native Americans really deserve is respect since they are really the ones who have been here in this territory (United States) more than anyone else, they are what can be said to be the true American, during all these years there have been conflicts and it can be said that to this day they have diminished or even ended since over the years there are very few left.
https://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=696

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The Forgotten Warriors of  the Civil War (Photo From: https://www.nps.gov/teachers/classrooms/forgottenwarriors.htm)

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When/where was this topic applicable? Some specific examples of important events from the textbook or primary sources as relevant By: Julia Pena

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When/where was this topic applicable? Some specific examples of important events from the textbook or primary sources as relevant By: Julia Pena

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The numbers are not known to be exact, many more Native people allied with the Confederacy than the Union. And even more participated indirectly in the war by aiding or even sabotaging one side or another while remaining outside the military.
Native tribes supporting either the Union or the Confederacy hoped their service would encourage the federal government to honor treaties that recognized tribal land rights.

As the Civil War took place, many conflicts began between the Natives and the federal government.
Many tribes ultimately joined the Confederacy possibly out of spite for their continuous removal West, but also due to promises of land and financial aid from the Confederacy. Some tribes even owned slaves of their own.
Some notable years of conflict during the Civil War include the following...

- In 1861, many of the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Seminoles joined the Confederacy, perhaps because some of the tribes' members owned slaves as I mentioned, as well as the Confederate states agreeing to pay all annuities placed by the U.S. government. (http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=411)

- In 1862, in Minnesota, the Santee Sioux who lived on a territory 150 miles long 10 miles wide were not given their  yearly payment and agricultural aid promised by treaty agreed upon, so an uprising occurred and more than 350 white settlers at New Ulm were killed.
John Pope (1822-1892), a commander of Union forces at the Second Battle of Bull Run, was appointed by Lincoln to crush the uprising. Pope stated he would handle the Soux "as maniacs or wild beasts, and by no means as people with whom treaties or compromises can be made."
The Sioux surrendered that same year, about 1808 were taken prisoners and 303 sentenced to death, of the 303 only 37 were hanged. (http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=695) &(http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=406)

- In 1864, when the fighting spread west to Colorado, and during the discovery of gold which led to an influx of white settlers seeking riches, a group of Colorado volunteers,  commanded by Colonel John M. Chivington (1821-1894), crossed paths with a group of Cheyennes at Sand Creek. They gathered here under the state governor's protection yet the militia slaughtered about 150 Cheyenne, of whom were mostly women and children. (http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=696)

After the fall of the Confederacy, these tribes were punished.

-The Seminoles were required to sell their reservation at 15 cents an acre and buy new land from the Creeks at 50 cents an acre.
- While other tribes were required to give up half their territory in Oklahoma.
Later this land would become reservations for the Arapahos, Caddos, Cheyennes, Commanches, Iowas, Kaws, Kickapoos, Pawnees, Potawatomis, Sauk and Foxes, and Shawnees.
- These tribes were also forced to allow railroads to cut across their new land.

The war took a terrible toll on many tribes. About one-third of all Cherokees and Seminoles died from violence, starvation, and war-related illness.
Despite their sacrifice, the Native Americans would find out that their tribal lands were even less secure after the Civil War.

https://youtu.be/Rq3Hegl9I2g

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How did they experience cough though prewar and civil war arrow continue to shape those involved? What were the legacies of these conflicts?    By: Fadi Mougharbel 

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How did they experience cough though prewar and civil war arrow continue to shape those involved? What were the legacies of these conflicts?    By: Fadi Mougharbel 

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War can have many negative and positive effects on who is involved? Tragic incidents like death and destructions are always a in war. In the civil war freedom was the goal. And after this war a lot of changes occurred. Starting with the freedom of enslaved Americans. As of that America became the land of opportunity. People were able to do live a certain way that couldn’t do few years back. America back a fast growing nation as more immigrants started to come. As of the political side the birth of 2 major parties was occurred, Democrats and Republicans. In addition to that, with the beginning of the U.S constitution that gave rights to all individuals fairy. With time the legacies or the ideologies of conflicts like slavery had fallen, as of the 13 and 14 Amendments gave rights to all citizens of the United States.
https://www.nps.gov/civilwar/consequences.htm
https://www.aarp.org/politics-society/history/info-04-2011/8-ways-civil-war-changed-lives.html

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The Civil War confirmed the single political entity of the United States, led to freedom for more than four million enslaved Americans, established a more powerful and centralized federal government, and laid the foundation for America's emergence as a world power in the 20th century.

Though freedom did not lead to equality for former slaves, the Civil War initiated immense constitutional changes that re-defined the nature of American society and acted as a point of departure in the struggle for equal civil and human rights.

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Consequences - The Civil War (U.S. National Park Service)

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The Civil War confirmed the single political entity of the United States, led to freedom for more than four million enslaved Americans, established a more powerful and centralized federal government, and laid the foundation for America's emergence as a world power in the 20th century.