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7 common minerals are feldspars, quartz, amphiboles, micas, olivine, garnet, calcite and pyroxenes.
A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic element or compound having an orderly internal structure and characteristics chemical composition, crystal form and physical properties.

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Wallahi

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There are 3 main types of rocks igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

Igneous rocks: form when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies.

Metamorphic rocks: form when rocks are exposed to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or, more commonly, some combination of these factors.

Since the beginning of time, mankind has used rocks as anything from primitive tools and weapons to different building materials.

The igneous rocks granite, basalt, gabbro, obsidian, and pumice are a few examples. More information about igneous rocks.

Sedimentary rocks are made of sediment that has been slowly accumulated, frequently as strata at the bottom of lakes and oceans.

Chalk, mudstone, flint, greywacke, and sandstone are a few examples of sedimentary rocks. More information about sedimentary rocks.

Metamorphic rock example: Slate, quartzite, granulite, schist, marble, and quartzite are examples of metamorphic rocks. More details about metamorphic rocks.

Limestone, a sedimentary rock, undergoes metamorphic transformation to become marble.

The igneous rock basalt transforms into the metamorphic rock granulite.

Different types of rock are created when different minerals mix. Quartz, feldspar, and mica are three of the minerals found in granite, for instance.

Crystallizing minerals are either molten or dissolved in liquids like water. Crystals make up 85% of the minerals and rocks on Earth.

Strange Rocks Facts

A stone may begin as one type and change often. In fact, rocks are constantly changing, a process known as the rock cycle. However, the progressions move so slowly that it is difficult to see them.

The earth's crust is made from rock.
Scientists have used rocks to approximate the age of the earth which they think is about 4.54 million years old.

The lightest rock that can float is pumice and it can do that because it tiny holes ad spaces in it that allow it to float on water.

Due to the lack or shortage of gemstones are in the world, people love them as they are pretty and rare and only a 100 of them are left.

Some things you use at your house that you may not expect are actually made from rocks such as soap, toothpaste, batteries and make-up.

Igneous rocks are located on the earth's crust.
Sedimentary rocks are located on the earth's surface.
Metamorphic rocks are located on Greenland.

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The outer and inner cores make up the midpoint of the earth. The outer core as the name suggests surrounds the inner core. It is also the only layer out of the six inside earth that is liquid made up of iron and nickel in addition to a combination of other substances. The earth's magnetic field depends on the outer core. The substances inside the outer core move around as earth orbits, hence causing the iron to develop electric currents. The currents stretch hidden forces hundreds of thousands of kilometers far and away into space. This process creates a magnetic field, which protects toxic substances to land on earth. This info provided comes from; Facts About Earths 's Outer Core | DK Find Out

The Outer core is about 2200km in thickness and temperatures can be as high as 5,500° Celsius and can be lower going to 4,500°.

Inner Core
Facts about the inner core

1. The inner core is a hot and dense ball mostly made out of iron.

2. Its radius is about 1,220 kilometers (758 miles).

3.The temperature in the inner core is about 5,200° Celsius

(9,392° Fahrenheit)

4. it Spins Faster Than the Surface of the Earth

5. the inner core Creates a Magnetic Field

6. the inner core is Almost the Size of the Moon

7. The core of the Earth is liquid.

8. it is responsible for the generation of Earth's magnetic field

9. the inner core of the earth is 1 billion to 1.3 billion years old

10. During the Earth's inner core, a state of matter called supranic exists between solids.

Upper Mantle
The mantle as a collective of both the lower and upper mantles are solid and are located between the earth's cores and the crust. The upper mantle is slightly thicker than the outer core and it exactly 2,900km in thickness and is 84% of the volume. Both nickel and iron were taken away from rocks and created the core, which was the start of the mantle, and this process took place 4.5 billion years ago. As time passed by water seeped into the mantle making it a solid structure. This process is named outgassing. Silicates are the main rocks or substances that make up the earth's mantle, unlike the outer core which contains mainly iron and nickel.

Lower mantle

Earth's lower mantle is part of its interior structure. Solid rock makes up the lower mantle, located 400 to 1,800 miles below the surface of the Earth. It mostly consists of magnesium silicate perovskite (Mg, Fe, Al) (Si, Al) O3, magnesiowustite (Mg, Fe) O, and calcium silicate perovskite CaSiO3. The lower level of the mantle is called the asthenosphere and it is softer and weaker, particularly in its upper portion where a small amount of melting can occur. The lower mantle has a lower melting point than areas of high pressure. This reduction in overlying pressure, or decompression, enables the mantle rock to melt and form magma.

Crust

Overlying the crust is the mantle, which is a harder layer that makes up the Earth's surface. The outer shell of the Earth is made up of the crust and the upper mantle. Many types of rocks make up the crust, which is lighter than the mantle. Underneath the oceans, the crust generally extends only five kilometres beneath the surface. Under continents, the crust's thickness varies, but averages around 30 km; under large mountain ranges, such as the Alps or Sierra Nevada, the crust can have a 100 km deep base. Approximately 4 billion to 2.5 billion years ago, the Earth's crust began to form. Previously, marine sedimentary rocks were used to date the planet's crust, but these are either scarce or contain 3-billion-year-old altered isotopes.

Atmosphere
The word atmosphere is a Greek word that comes from atoms which means vapour and sphaira meanign sphere. The earth is the third planet from the sun, making it the perfect place for us humans and animals to reside, despite the fact that we know that climate change is an issue today. This precious earth that we live on today was formed 4.5 billion years ago in accordance with evidence provided by scientists. Throughout millions maybe billions of years our earth has rapidly changed. Many years ago, it consisted of only carbon dioxide and only a bit of oxygen. It is approximated that is weighs almost 5.5 quadrillion tones.

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What are Earth's 7 layers in order?

Crust, mantle, core, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core.

Inner Core = hottest layer of the earth

The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere. The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistancy called the Asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is the part of the mantle that flows and moves the plates of the Earth.

What are the temperatures of each Earth's layer?

The temperature is around 1000°C at the base of the crust, around 3500°C at the base of the mantle, and around 5,000°C at Earth's centre.

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Earth is divided into four major layers which includes the crust, the mantle, the outer core and the inner core. Each layer can impact life on Earth's surface by having a unique chemical composition and physical state.

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There are 4 main components:
The Crust
The Mantle
Inner Core
Outer Core

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Four Main Layers of The Earth:

The Crust - The outermost layer of Earth which is 5-40 kilometers thick. The Earth's crust is made of around 95% igneous and metamorphic rocks, 4% shale, and 1% of sandstone & limestone.

The Mantle - 2nd layer of the Earth. The mantle is about 2,900 kilometers thick, and makes up 84% of Earth's total volume.

Inner & Outer Core - The outer core is 2,300 kilometers thick, and the inner core is 1,200 kilometers thick. Both are mostly iron and nickel. They are both extremely hot, with temperatures from 4000–5000°C

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The structure of the earth is divided into four major components: the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.
The outer layers of the earth and is composed primarily of granite and basalt rock. Oceanic and continental crusts are the two different types. The majority of the oceanic crust is made of basalt and is denser and thinner. Granite makes up the majority of the less dense, thicker continental crust.

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The structure of the earth is divided into four major components: the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core.

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Each layer has a unique chemical composition, physical state, and can impact life on Earth's surface.

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Layers of Earth:
The layers of the Earth are the internal infrastructure which consists of the crust, the outmost layer, the mantle, the largest layer, the outer core and the inner core.

the crust:
The crust is the outmost layer of rocks that house the entirety of life and environments. Compared to other layers of the earth it is extremely thin only around 80 kilometers in depth.

The mantle:
Is a layer of silicate rock that is in between the crust and the outer core which makes 84% of the earths volume

Outer Core:
Earths outer core is a fluid layer about 2,260 km  thick, consists of mostly liquid iron and nickel. The outer core is responsible for the earths magnetic field

Inner core:
The inner core is approximately 1% of the Earths full volume. However, despite its small size it contains 10% of Earths overall magnetic field.

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Weathering, Erosion and Deposition

Defining The words

Weathering: is the process of slow division and shattering of minerals and rocks. The factors that influence weathering are water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals as well as temperatures. Every rock and mineral on earth including diamonds go through this process, no matter how hard they are.

Erosion: Earthen materials are worn away during erosion, a geological process in which they are moved by wind or water. Weathering, a related process that does not involve movement, dissolves or breaks down rock.

Why does erosion happen: erosion is caused when water glaciers and wind flows which keeps constantly changing the shape of the landscape. Erosion happens quicker on bare rock which is not protected by soil.

Deposition: Rocks are broken down by weathering, and the resulting particles are then taken up and moved by erosion. The eroding agent will finally deposit the degraded material in a new location. Deposition refers to the procedure' final step.

Why does deposition happen: deposition happens when gravity ice water waves or winds have no energy left and can no longer Carries its load of eroded material.

Since minerals are inorganic materials, they are unrelated to either plants or animals. The study of minerals is known as mineralogy. Numerous minerals have been identified by mineralogists, or individuals who study minerals. Metals like gold, silver, copper, and platinum are some of the most prevalent minerals.

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Since minerals are inorganic materials, they are unrelated to either plants or animals. The study of minerals is known as mineralogy. Numerous minerals have been identified by mineralogists, or individuals who study minerals. Metals like gold, silver, copper, and platinum are some of the most prevalent minerals.

Minerals are what form rocks, and they vary in their types, shapes, and forms. For instance, granite is made up of quartz minerals, marble contains calcite. Etc. Other examples of minerals include diamonds, topaz, gypsum, talc, gold, acanthite, brannerite, baryte, calcite and these are just some of many more. Each mineral contains four physical properties which consist of the following: hardness, shape, colour and lustre. The hardness of each rock can depend on the minerals and type. Diamonds are one of the hardest to break on the other hand talc is extremely easy to break. The hardness of some minerals is organized in a Mohs table which begins with the most breakable materials to he least breakable.

It is also shapes that can be different depending on the rock itself. Aragonite is an accurate shape of a rectangle, but malachite is irregular, and they ca also be distinct in lustre and colour. Minerals are not for aesthetic purposes only but can be of great use for humans. Gypsum is a commonly used mineral used prior to the painting of walls for having an even surface. To produce iron and other such metals the mineral magnetite is used as one of the tools. For the creation of beautiful Jewellery, the minerals diamonds, gold and emeralds are used.

We have two types of minerals that are called classes and are named secondary and primary minerals. The primary category consists of those that have melted and cooled after the overflowing of magma from a volcanic eruption. Those that are formed in a different way are categorized as secondary data. Primary minerals can through time alter to secondary, however the opposite process is not possible.

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weathering erosion and deposition

Weathering is the breakdown of larger rock fragments into smaller particles. It takes place by both physical and chemical processes depending on the environment. These smaller particles are then carried away to a new site known as erosion. The common transporting mediums are water, wind, and sometimes ice. Also, a mole burrowing through the soil can be considered an example of erosion as the movement of the mole leads to the breakdown of soil particles, thereby causing erosion. After weathering and erosion, the smaller particles are then settled in a new place where they remain unaffected. These places could be a basin or a depression. The accumulation of debris and smaller particles in such areas is called deposition.

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The breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth is called Weathering.
The following are all agents of weathering
-Water
-Ice
-Acids
-Salts
-Plants
-Animals
-Changes in Temperature
After a rock has been broken down a process called erosion takes the bits of rock and mineral away.

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Weathering is wind, water and other natural factors causing things to chip away. For example, the elements could cause the edge of a mountain to tip.

Erosion is the movement of particles from their source. For example, wind carrying rock from a hill into a pond.

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Strata is a scientific name for rock layers. Stratigraphy covers all the characteristics of layered rocks and how the study of these rocks relates to time

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Weathering - Where rocks and minerals are split from the elements of nature into smaller pieces.
Erosion - Natural Process where weathered, broken-down rocks move from place to place

What are the 4 main types of weathering erosion?

There are four main types of weathering. These are freeze-thaw, onion skin (exfoliation), chemical and biological weathering. Most rocks are very hard. However, a very small amount of water can cause them to break.

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Igneous rocks are formed when lava crystalises and hardens.  Metamorphic rocks are formed when something is subjected to increase of temperature, increase of pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or a combination of these. Sedimentary rocks are formed when weathering causes things to break away. Then it is pressed together, forming the rock. All three are formed by physical changes.

Some common igneous rocks are andesite, basalt, dacite, dolerite, gabbro, diorite, peridotite, nepheline, obsidian, scoria and tuff. Some common metamorphic rocks are eclogite, gneiss, hornfels, marble, migmatite, phyllite, quartzite, serpentinite and slate. Some common sedimentary rocks are argillite, breccia, chalk, chert, claystone, coal, conglomerate, dolomite, limestone, gypsum, greywacke, mudstone, shale, siltstone and turbidite.

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Rocks are made up of minerals. They can be all one kind of mineral, for example sandstone. Our use of rocks and minerals includes as building material, cosmetics, cars, roads, and appliances.

There are three different types of rocks
- Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic.

Geology is the study of rocks and Geologists are the people who study them!

They study what minerals each rock contains and also study the history of the Earth.

- Rocks in space?

Sometimes rocks from space land on Earth, however most of the time they land in the sea.

These rocks are called meteorites.

If you’ve ever seen a shooting star, it’s actually a bit of space rock entering the atmosphere!

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Minerals are a solid, inorganic substance that occur naturally. There are over 5000 types of minerals. Majority of rocks are made up of these minerals. Some minerals known to form rocks are feldspars, quartz, amphiboles, micas, olive, garnet, calcite or pyroxenes.

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When the forces of nature break down rocks and minerals into smaller pieces, this process is called weathering. Deposition is the act of laying down or depositing broken rock, whereas erosion is the movement of weathered, broken rock from one location to another.

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Any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter is referred to as rock (or stone) in geology. It is divided into groups based on the minerals it contains, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed.

A rock is a natural substance composed of solid crystals of different minerals that have been fused together into a solid lump.

Fun facts about rocks:
1. Rocks are made of minerals
2. Space rocks land on Earth
3. Rocks have been used for millions of years
4. There are 3 types of rocks:
-Igneous
-Sedimentary
-Metamorphic.

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Around 99% of the minerals in the Earth's crust are made up of eight elements including oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium.

There are common minerals which include quartz, feldspar, mica, amphibole, olivine, and calcite.

Fun facts about minerals:
1. A mineral can be made of single chemical element or more usually a compound.
2. There are over 4,000 types of known minerals.
3. The silicate minerals compose over 90% of the Earth's crust. Silicon and oxygen constitute approximately 75% of the Earth's crust

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these are types of rocks that are there 

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A rock is a solid collection of minerals which make up The Earth's Crust.

Extrusive igneous rock is used to construct buildings and statues.
while intrusive rocks are used to make gravestones, statues and countertops.

Rocks are made of minerals.

Diamonds are the hardest natural substance on earth.

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"A mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form." -WP

Main Groups of Minerals:

silicates

sulfides

carbonates

oxides

halides

sulfates

phosphates

native elements

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Weathering is where rocks and minerals are broken down by the elements of nature into smaller pieces. Erosion is the movement of broken-down, weathered rock from place to place, and deposition means the laying down, or depositing, of broken rock.

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In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed.

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Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic solids with a definite chemical composition and a regular atomic structure. From this basis come all their physical properties.

Some of the most obvious physical properties of a mineral are hardness (resistance to scratching), tenacity (resistance to impact), specific gravity (relative density), cleavage (the tendency of some crystals to split along planes of weakest atomic bonding), magnetism, conductivity of electricity, reactibility to acids etc. These measurable physical properties, along with a number of optical ones such as lustre, refractive index and selective absorption of light rays, enable minerals to be positively identified by scientific instruments.

Minerals are formed naturally by geological processes. A mineral is a homogeneous solid that can be made of single native element or more usually a compound. Minerals make up Earth's rocks and sands, and are an important component of soils.

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A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is normally crystalline and that is formed as a result of geological processes. Examples include quartz, feldspar minerals, calcite, sulfur, and the clay minerals such as kaolinite and smectite.

Minerals form when rocks are heated enough that atoms of different elements can move around and join into different molecules. Minerals are deposited from salty water solutions on Earth's surface and underground.