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2022-10-27 - Statutes Amendment Bill - Second Reading - Video 5

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DICTATORSHIP:  How did the Nazi Party CONTROL German Society?  

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Download FREE teacher-made resources covering 'Hitler's Life Timeline'

What is Hitler's Life Timeline?

Throughout his 56 years on Earth, Adolf Hitler committed many atrocities and was responsible for the genocide of millions of people. Here is an in-depth look at Hitler's life timeline, from birth to death.

Hitler's Childhood: 20th April 1889

Adolf Hitler was born to Alois and Klara on the 20th of April 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria. His parents both came from relatively poor backgrounds but took very different parenting techniques. Hitler's father, Alois, was said to have been extremely strict and cold and held high expectations that Adolf would follow in his footsteps and get a career in the civil service. Hitler's mother, on the other hand, Klara, was said to have been much more kind and loving towards her son.

When Adolf started school at the age of 6, it was clear that whilst he was bright, he had very little interest in academics. He eventually left school with a very poor record of achievement.

When Hitler was just 13 years old, his father died. This relieved a lot of the pressure that he was under to go into a career in the civil service. Now free to make his own decisions, Hitler began pursuing a life as an artist. He began attending an art school nearby, immersing himself in all aspects of the creative arts, such as opera, theatre, and drawing.

Failed Artist: 1907

To further his career as an artist, Hitler moved to Vienna with the goal of attending the Vienna Academy of Art. However, his application was unsuccessful. He was greatly disappointed at this, which was made worse by the fact that he was also unable to get into the Vienna School of Architecture as he couldn't provide a school-leaving certificate.

A Period of Poverty: 1909 - 1913

Hitler was now living in Vienna with no job and no hope of training as an artist. As a result, he was stuck living in a men's hostel, selling postcards and performing menial tasks to earn money. It was during this time of poverty and hardship that Hitler become more and more interested in politics, attending political meetings and reading lots of political literature.

Avoiding Military Service: 1913

Hitler was desperate to avoid military service for the Habsburg Empire, so he upped and left Vienna, relocating to Munich in Southern Germany. The only reason Hitler was able to make this move was that he had inherited a small bequest from his father's estate.

The First World War: 1914

When the First World War began in July 1914, Hitler joined the German army, serving in the 16th Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment. Adolf Hitler did well in the army and was even promoted to corporal. Hitler was also awarded the Iron Cross for his services as a runner on the western front.

Hospital Bound: 1918

Hitler was sent to the hospital after suffering from temporary blindness as the result of a British gas attack in Ypres Salient. It was during his stay at the hospital that the armistice happened. Once he had recovered, Hitler returned to his regiment in Munch.

Staying in the Army: 1919

Despite the end of the First World War, Hitler decided to remain in the army, as it is the only thing in life that has given him real purpose. Hitler was given a position in the Intelligence/Propaganda section of the army, where he was given political training. As part of his role, Hitler made many speeches to the rest of the troops, most of which centred around promoting German nationalism and pushing an anti-Socialism agenda. Hitler also acted as an army informer, spying on other political parties. It is during this time that he also joined the German Workers' Party, which was an extreme anti-communist, anti-Semitic right-wing organisation.

Hitler's extreme anti-Semitism can be seen clearly in a letter he sent to Herr Adolf Gemlich. In this letter, Hitler expressed his desire to be seen as an anti-Semite. This letter is Hitler's first explicitly political and anti-Semitic writing and is seen by many as the launch of his political career.

Hitler's Start in Politics: 1920 - 1921

In 1920, Hitler was discharged from the army and, with his newfound free time, he took the lead of publicity and propaganda for the German Worker's Party. He changed the party's name to the National Socialist German Workers Party, (Nazi for short).

In 1921, Hitler became the leader of the Nazi party.

An Armed Uprising: 1923

Hitler, accompanied by a selection of right-wing factions and General Ludendorff, who was a German politician, attempted to overthrow The Beer Hall Putsch. The Beer Hall Putsch was an armed uprising in which Hitler and 2000 Nazis marched through Munich to the Beer Hall and attempted to take over a meeting chaired by three of the most important individuals in Bavarian politics.

The uprising was unsuccessful, however, as, the day after, the Nazis were marching in the streets and the police opened fire on them. Hitler was captured and tried for treason, which led to him serving 9 months in Landsberg prison. It was during his incarceration that Hitler wrote Mein Kampf, which is a combination of Hitler's autobiography, political ideology and analysis of propaganda.

Nazi Party: 1925

Hitler re-founded the Nazi party.

Rise of the Nazi Party: 1930 - 1931

In the General Election, the Nazi party managed to increase its represent representatives in parliament from 14 to 107. This made it the second-largest party in Germany.

In 1931, Hitler challenged Paul von Hindenburg, who was president of Germany at the time, in a bid to become president himself. However, this was unsuccessful.

Hitler's Rise to Power: 1932 - 1933

Hitler became an official German citizen, which enabled him to run against Hindenburg in the presidential election. Overseeing Hitler's political campaign was a man named, Josef Goebbels.

In January of 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of a coalition government in Germany, where the Nazis hold a third of the seats in the Reichstag. A month later, the Reichstag was destroyed by a devastating fire. It has never been confirmed, but it is thought that this fire was the work of the Nazi party. However, the Nazis blamed the fire on the communists, which triggered a general election.

In March of the same year, Hitler convinced the Reichstag to implement the Enabling Act. This act essentially gave Hitler the power of a dictator for 4 years. With his newfound power, Hitler declared the Nazi party as the only political party permitted in Germany. As a result, the communist party, along with the socialists, trade unions and strikes were banned.

In October, Hitler withdrew from the League of Nations, which was an international diplomatic group created after World War I as a way to solve disputes between countries before they erupted into another war. Following this withdrawal, Hitler trebled the size of the German Army, blatantly ignoring the arms restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles.

Night of the Long Knives: 1934

Hitler demolished all opposition within the Nazi party.

In July of 1934, Hindenburg died and Hitler was appointed as 'Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor'. He also completely abolished the title of President.

Re-arming Germany: 1935

Hitler re-arms Germany by equipping military forces with a new supply of weapons. He aimed to undo the Treaty of Versailles and unite all of German. Hitler also introduces military conscription during this time.

Austria Unites with Germany: 1938

Engelbert Dollfuss, the Austrian Chancellor and leader of the Austrian Nazi party, invited the German army to occupy Austria and proclaimed a union with Germany.

In September, Neville Chamberlain, who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom at the time, met with Hitler in Germany.

Moreover, in the same year, Britain, France and Italy all signed the Munich Agreement which gave the Sudetenland, which was the German populated borderlands of Czechoslovakia, over to Germany.

Kristallnacht: November 1938

On the Night of the 9th of November 1938, 7,500 Jewish shops were destroyed and 400 synagogues were burnt in what is now known as 'Kristallnacht', or 'Night of the Broken Glass. This was an attack by the Nazi party as a way of exercising their aggressively anti-Semitic agenda. On this night, many Jewish people were murdered and over 30,000 Jewish men were sent to concentration camps.

Kristallnacht is reflected on by many as the beginning of the Final Solution, which was Hitler's plan to erase all Jewish people.

World War 2: 1939

The Molotov-Ribbentrop pact secured a peace treaty between Germany and Russia and enabled them to partition Poland. Following this, on the 1st of September, Hitler invades Poland. After 3 weeks of a rapid and aggressive war on Poland, known as 'Blitzkrieg', the country is divided up between Russia and Germany.

On the 3rd of September, France, Britain, Australia, and New Zealand declared war on Germany.

Nazi Occupation: 1940

The Nazis move in and occupy Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium and France. Yugoslavia and Romania are also invaded.

Germany Attacks Russia: 1941

In June, Germany attacks Russia as part of Operation Barbarossa, which is in direct violation of their peace pact.

In December of this year, the Japanese Air Force attacks Pearl Harbour and war is declared on the USA.

Stalingrad: 1943

The Battle of Stalingrad took place in the Russian city of the same name between the 23rd of August 1942 and the 2nd of February 1943. This battle is known as one of the bloodiest and most brutal in the history of warfare, with an estimated 2 million casualties. Hitler instructed the German forces to stay and fight but, in February, the Germans surrendered.

After this, the Germans were continually retreating until the end of the war.

An Attempt to Assassinate Hitler: 1944

In July, Claus von Stauffenberg placed a bomb in a briefcase under a table close to Hitler in an attempt to kill him and, thus, remove power from the Nazi party. However, Hitler survived the assassination attempt.

Russia Invades Germany: 1945

In January, Soviet troops invaded Nazi Germany. Hitler decided to stay in Berlin, despite the invasion. In April, Berlin was surrounded by the Soviet Army.

Hitler's Death: 30th April 1945

Hitler committed suicide, along with his wife, Eva Braun.

Teaching Resources to Accompany Hitler's Life Timeline:

The Rise of Hitler Lesson Pack:This lesson pack contains a variety of engaging resources to help you teach your class about Hitler and his rise to power. In this pack, you will find an informative PowerPoint that takes you through each of the key steps in Hitler's life timeline. It also contains a handy worksheet and an activity to get kids to consolidate their knowledge of Hitler.

What did the Nazis Believe? Differentiated Worksheets:These differentiated worksheets are ideal for teaching kids about the Nazi's core beliefs and ideologies. There are 2 differentiations available for these worksheets, which you can choose between depending on how advanced your children are in their studies.

This handy lesson pack is designed specifically to teach GCSE history students about howfar Nazi Germany became a totalitarian state. Using the resources in this pack, students must analyse andidentify to what extent they believe that Nazi Germany was a totalitarian state.

Here are some other fantastic resources to supplement your teaching of World War II:

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Hitler's Life Timeline - Teaching Wiki - Twinkl

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Learn all about Hitler's life, from his childhood to his rise to power and ultimately his death. Includes some of our best NZ teaching resources on this topic.

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DICTATORSHIP:  How did the Nazi Party rise to power?  

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Adolf Hitler - Führer of the Third Reich Documentary

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Welcome to EP! EP is a fun, responsive and effective way to learn online. Have a look at our exciting Smart Lessons in Science, English, Maths, History and Geography. Learn 11+ foreign languages including French, Japanese, Chinese (Mandarin), German, Spanish, Italian, Indonesian, Māori and Hebrew.

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School History is the largest library of history teaching and study resources on the internet. We provide high-quality teaching and revision materials for UK and international history curriculum.