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Considered the cradle of the Renaissance, Italy spearheads a cultural movement that would spread across Europe. Florence’s patronage system spurred revolutionary developments in art and science.

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Leonardo da Vinci completes the Mona Lisa, showcasing Renaissance ideals of humanism and individualism. Although the painting resides outside of the UK, da Vinci's influence reached English artists too.

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William Caxton introduces the printing press to England, forever changing the way knowledge is disseminated. This technology was critical for the philosophical ideas of the Renaissance to spread.

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1540s: Protestant Reformation in England

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1540s: Protestant Reformation in England

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Under Henry VIII, England undergoes significant religious transformations, shaping society and art. The Renaissance coincides with this upheaval, emphasizing individual interpretation and expression.

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1590: Edmund Spenser’s 'The Faerie Queene'

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1590: Edmund Spenser’s 'The Faerie Queene'

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Edmund Spenser's epic poem celebrates Elizabethan ideals and Renaissance humanism. Its allegorical nature reflects the intellectual depth of the era.

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A new era of drama begins as the Globe Theatre opens in London, presenting plays by William Shakespeare and contemporaries, blending Renaissance ideals with English traditions.

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William Shakespeare writes 'Hamlet,' a hallmark of Renaissance literature that explores themes of humanism, mortality, and complexity of character.

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Early 1600s: Renaissance Architecture in England

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Early 1600s: Renaissance Architecture in England

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Inspired by Italian Renaissance, figures like Inigo Jones introduce classical architectural elements to England with landmarks such as the Queen’s House in Greenwich.