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The gestation length for a mare is 11-12 months.

http://equimed.com/health-centers/reproductive-care/articles/horse-gestation-timeline

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When a stallion tries to attract a mare who isn't presently in heat, he will be touch and physical.

When a stallion approaches a mare, he will elevate his tail and slightly curve his neck which shows he is confident.

Stallions can be very sweet and calm when no mares are in sight, but when it is time to breed a stallions behaviors can change drastically.

http://animals.mom.me/male-horses-attract-females-3770.html

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The mare typically raises her tail, exposing the clitoris, and often assumes a urination stance. This shows the stallion that the mare is ready and going into heat.

Principles and Applications of Domestic Animal Behavior

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Research on the sexual behavior of mares

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Research on the sexual behavior of mares

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Diestrus is characterized by avoidance of an approaching stallion, and aggression toward the stallion, such as squealing, striking, and kicking, if he persists in attempting to court the diestrus mare. However, mares and stallions with long-term social relationships will often rest together, graze together and groom each other, all without sexual interactions.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0018506X07000670

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Putting a stallion next to a mare in the pasture with a fence separating them will help the mare become in heat.

http://articles.extension.org/pages/9786/horse-breeding-behavior

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When a stallion wants to "check" it's mare, it will lift nose into the air and curl its upper lip.

http://articles.extension.org/pages/9786/horse-breeding-behavior

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One stallion in a breeding facility will typically be known as the "boss", or the most dominant, and will most likely take charge and be most dominant around mares.

http://articles.extension.org/pages/9786/horse-breeding-behavior

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Research on stallion harassment and mating systems 

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Research on stallion harassment and mating systems 

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Stable relationships between mares and a single stallion may enhance reproductive success by reducing aggression between individuals. Therefore, we propose that there is strong selection pressure for stable, long-term stallion–mare relationships, called consort relationships.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347299911557

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See how DC (the stud mini) acts toward Maggie and testing to see if she is in heat and ready to breed.

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Mating Miniature Horses - Ronnie's Animal Crackers: Episode 1 - BBC One

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More about this programme: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b03bhzxw Young stud DC is brought out to mate with Maggie. DC is an old hand, but as this is Maggie's first ever date DC needs to take things a bit slower if he is to win her over.

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Low interest or slow arousal
- Some stallions would not have interest in mares and act funny when trying to breed a mare. Some would only respond sexually to humans and only ejaculate while repeatedly licking a human's hand.

Ejaclation Failure
- Stallions could mount 20-30 times without ejaculating or become too exhausted and frustrated to continue to try.

Inconsistent Performance
- Stallion could breed with a mare one day and the next day show no interest.

Excessive Aggression
- Stallions become extremely aggressive toward handlers and mares.

http://research.vet.upenn.edu/Portals/49/86ReprodU.pdf