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https://quizlet.com/_4ixz0n

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polygamy
- polygyny
--> Saudi Arabia (the Prophet Muhammad)
--> Warren Jeffs = leader of FLDS
- polyandry

family v. household
- nuclear family
- extended family
- family of orientation
- family of procreation

amish = multi-generational [homes]

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heterosexual? homosexual?

1/5 relationships begin online; 3/5 homosexual relationships begin online

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endogamy v. exogamy and how they overlap

incest taboo

marrying through courtship or out of love

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system of descent
- bilienal
- patrilineal
- matrilineal

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bilineal passes property to males and females
... patrilineal to the males
.... matrilineal to the females (most rare)

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patriarchy v. matriarchy v. egalitarian

egalitarian is not FULLY attained really

patriarchy runs through all societies

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how marriage and family contribute to well-being of society

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1. economic production
2. socialization of children
3. take care of sick and elderly
4. recreation
5. sexual control
6. reproduction

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incest taboo helps...
....families avoid role confusion
... socialize children
... encourage exogamy

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isolation of the nuclear family + crisis = affect spread over fewer people --> emotional overload

this can lead to abuse!

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conflict is a part of marriage (duh, there's intimacy)
- power = source of conflict

women make most decisions in US household

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Changes in Traditional Gender Orientations

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Changes in Traditional Gender Orientations

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housework and childcare originally women's work BUT a shift has occurred as more women work now

child rearing = raising children

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women: less time on housework
men: more time on housework
both: less time on housework all together

?????

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both gender parents spend more time with children (lives are more efficient --> tech)

however, this can lead to isolation and then emotional overload

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men still dedicate more hours to family than and housework than before

*in comparison to women's shift

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men are primary income earners

women are primary childcare and houseworkers

booooo):

but: trend of stay-at-home dads

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Love and Courtship in Global Perspective

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Love and Courtship in Global Perspective

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romantic love
1. emotional feeling of sexual attraction
2. cognitive by labeling feeling as "love"

fear can produce romantic love

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homogamy and propinquity
- age, edu, social class, ethnicity, community, work
- 93% of couples homogamy

however there has been a rise in interracial marriage
- more common to see black man and white woman, less vice versa

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shift in number of children (declining) in 1970 because
1. birth control pill
2. sexual revolution
3. women with long-term careers

correlation between larger families and church-goers!

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marital satisfaction decreases after first baby (baby = stress), but increases back up again after second kid
- 1st baby = unbalance

diad to triad

- satisfaction peaks when children between 6 and 12 and again when they leave adolescence

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if married --> mom is at work, then the kids are with dad or at daycare

if single --> mom is at work, then the kids are with relatives
- fictive fin

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1/6 to 1/7 children in day care

poor day care if...
... no early childhood background
... high children-staff ratio
... open all hours?

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upper mid class to high class have nannies

issues of jealousy

conflict

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MELVIN KOHN
working class parents believe kids are wildflowers and develop naturally
- concern on conformity
- more likely to use physical punishment

mid-upper class parents believe kids are garden flowers and need nurturing
- concern on curiosity and self expression
- less likely to use physical punishment

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Transitional adulthood and not-so-empty nest

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Transitional adulthood and not-so-empty nest

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children in US leave home LATE
- 18% of 25-29 year olds return home = boomerang children
- 11% of those have children

when does adulthood begin??

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number of women widows is greater than number of men widows

women outlive men

women usually marry older

widowhood effect

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found in the SOCIAL CLASS not race

Upper class - preserve bloodline; legacy

Middle class - achievement and responsibility

Lower class - fictive kin… cope by relying on relatives and neighbors; divorce is common

family in poverty...
- headed by single mother
- fictive kin
- grandparents act as parents
- marriage squeeze

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families differ by country of origin

more likely to be headed by married couple than divorced couple

machismo

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usually both parents in the households
- high edu
- high income

again... differ by country of origin
i.e. Japan and Confucian values (obligation)

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either follow tradition or assimilate

important in culture to respect elders
- grandparents teach and discipline the kids

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increase in number of one-parent families
- increase in divorce
- single women taking longer to get married

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DINKS = Dual Income, No KidS
- 1/5 married couples don't have kids
- the more edu a women has, the less likely she will have kids

reasons for child-free couples
- more edu and careers for women
- increase in contraception
- abortion can be legal
- children are expensive!

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two divorced people remarry and join their families
- many step brothers and sisters and mothers and fathers

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same problems as a homosexual relationship (duh)
- just a stigma
- and discrimination.... ):

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controversial if there are kids from previous marriage

gay couples want kids for the same reason straight couples do.... WOW who woulda thunk

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Changing Timetable of Family Life: Marriage and Childbirth

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Changing Timetable of Family Life: Marriage and Childbirth

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age for first-married couples in still increase (huge increase from sexual revolution in 70s)

postpone marriage and postpone children....
WHY? cohabitation

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most remarkable trend
- rise in its acceptance (not living in sin anymore)
between 1/2 to 2/3 couples cohabit

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main difference = commitment

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40% marry, 27% break up, 1/3 remain cohabiting

1/4 children born to cohabiting parents

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men who cohabit live longer than men who don't

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Does cohabitation make marriage stronger

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Does cohabitation make marriage stronger

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inconclusive

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Sandwich/Skipped Generation and Elder Care

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Sandwich/Skipped Generation and Elder Care

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people between 40 and 55 years old now in charge of taking care of their children and their own, aging parents

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is NOT 50%

60,000,000 married couples and 1,000,000 couples get divorced per year

Reduce risk of divorce

Edu, religion, if parents are not divorced, wait to marry, having baby after marriage, over $25,000 per year

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people who marry outside of ethnic group could have a higher divorce rate
- more conflict if exogamy

weakest couples (exogamy)

black men, white women

latino and white

strongest couples

white men, black women

asian and white

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more likely to divorce in the future themselves

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- close to both parents
- parents don't undermine each other
- consitent routine
- 3rd figure

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trust issues

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divorce effects across generations
- like a cycle

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Fathers' Contact with Children After Divorce

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Fathers' Contact with Children After Divorce

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most children of divorce are with mom

most often you see frequent contact or minimal contact

less often you see decreasing contact over time or increasing contact over time

serial fatherhood

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many exes stay in contact because KIDS

continuities

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1/4 married couples are on their second marriage (or third or fourth...)

divorced people are more likely to marry other divorced people

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women start fights just as much as men
--> gender equality for initiating violence

women are just physically weaker

How women get out of abusive relationships

1. Positive self concept

2. Financial means

3. Connection/support of family and friends

4. Broke from traditional value

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2mil reports, 3 mil children
750,000 of those reports found substantial

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rape CAN happen even if married or cohabiting

less likely to be reported

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more common in socially isolated families
most common between two siblings and if its the older brother and younger sister

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Bright Side of Family Life: Successful Marriages

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Bright Side of Family Life: Successful Marriages

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3/5 americans are satisfied with marriage

to be happy you must...
1. get along with in-laws
2. enjoy same leisure activities
3. agree on $$$$

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Symbolic Interactionism and Misuse of Stats

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Symbolic Interactionism and Misuse of Stats

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cannot apply [divorce] stats to an individual

growth mindset, my friend

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marriage is in every society and will be for a very long time
--> it's vital to welfare!

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if parent gets independence at work, the the parent will give its child independence at home

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if parent gets independence at work, the the parent will give its child independence at home

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child rearing depends on the occupation of the parents