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The Civil War beings

-Also known as the bloodiest war, the civil war was between the Union and the Confederacy.

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Abraham Lincoln writes the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation

-Lincoln announces to the rebels that if they do not end the war, all slaves in              the rebellious states will be free

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                                           January 1st 1863

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                                           January 1st 1863

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President Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation

"mild and bright day in Washington" (loc.gov)
"I never in my life felt more certain that i was doing right than i do signing this paper." -Abraham Lincoln. (loc.gov)

" When we heard we were free, we were greatly rejoiceing. This feeling lasted for only a brief period and then there was some change in feelings upon return to their cabins. "The great responsibility of being free, of having charge of themselves, of having to think and plan for themselves and their children, seemed to take possession of them…" -Booker T. Washington. (nps.gov)

January 7th, 1865
Democratic representative, James C. Allen opposes the Emancipation and caused widespread criticism from Northern politicians who opposed the war.

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The Civil War ends. The union defeats the confederacy and all slaves are now free.

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The 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution
The Fourteenth Amendment is enstated into the U.S. Constitution making the African-Americans full citizens of the United States. This Amendment also prohibited states from denying them equal protection & due process of law.

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Jim Crow begins in the United States
The first "Jim Crow" segregation law is passed in Tennessee mandating the separation of blacks from whites on trains, in depots and wharves. Not long after Tennessee, the rest of the south follows this social order. By the end of this century, African Americans will be denied of a presence in hotels barber shops, restaurants, theaters and from other public accommodations.

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                                                    References

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                                                    References

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Abraham Lincoln papers: Series 1. General Correspondence. 1833-1916: Abraham Lincoln, Tuesday, July 22, 1862 (Preliminary Draft of Emancipation Proclamation). (n.d.). Retrieved March 02, 2018, from https://www.loc.gov/resource/mal.1723200/?st=text

Emancipation proclamation, [folded broadside]. (n.d.). Retrieved March 02, 2018, from https://www.loc.gov/resource/lprbscsm.scsm1031/?st=text

Frazier E. F., (1957, January 1) The negro in the United States. New York City, NY: Van Nostrand Company Inc.

History.com Staff. (2009). Emancipation Proclamation. Retrieved March 02, 2018, from http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/emancipation-proclamation

Steinfield M., (1972, January 1) Our racist presidents: From Washington to Nixon. South Gate, CA:    Consensus Publishing.