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           School Age/ Play                 Industry vs. Inferiority

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           School Age/ Play                 Industry vs. Inferiority

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Ages: 0-2
The infant learns to trust or mistrust based upon how their needs are met by caregivers.
If they are given good and responsive care, they learn to trust and have hope. Negligent care leads to distrust and fear.

Positive Outcome: Hope and trust

Negative Outcome: development of fear. They might carry mistrust and fear into future relationships. Might become insecure.

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Description: The child is developing physically and becoming more mobile. This stage involves gaining a sense of independence and personal control.

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Preschooler/Early Childhood Initiative vs. Guilt

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Preschooler/Early Childhood Initiative vs. Guilt

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Age range: 3  to 6 years old

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6 to puberty

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1 and 1/2 to 3 years old

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Children explore their environment and show control they have over making decisions, in this stage they develop a sense of purpose. This is learned through games, playing with others, group activities

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65 or older

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18-40

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In this stage, the individual reflects back on their life and their accomplishments. Those who look back feel a sense of satisfaction and develop a sense of integrity and wisdom, while those who are left with regrets may experience bitterness and despair

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Basic Virtue: Success in this stage leads to the development of Will. Kids tend to be more confident and secure in their ability to survive in the world.

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Kids begin to feel inadequate in their ability to survive and become overly dependent on others. They lack self esteem and have shame and doubt in their own abilities.

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Children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks or they feel inferior. Children are at the stage where they will be learning to read and write, to do sums, to do things on their own.

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Early adulthood is all about forging healthy relationships with others. We begin to share ourselves intimately with others. Success leads to the ability to form committed, lasting, and nurturing relationships with others.

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If they don't develop these skill then they will be more prone to tantrums, stubbornness, and negativism.

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If children are criticized, overly controlled, or not given the opportunity to assert themselves they will start to lose self esteem and begin to feel bad about themselves.  Making it critical to always encourage kids so determination and will is learned.

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Leads to love. Exploring relationships can lead toward longer-term commitments with someone other than a family member.

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Children begin to feel inferior if they cannot achieve what is asked of them and it may affect their self-esteem.

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During this stage the child learns to develop a sense of purpose , also able to develop there ability to imagine and fantasize.

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Erik Erikson believed if we see our lives as being negative, we begin to feel despair and bitterness and if we see our lives as positive we feel a sense of wisdom. Ths feeling takes place later in life around 65 and older.

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Can be fearful, hangs on the fringes of groups, continues to depend on adults, and can be restricted both in the development of imagination and play skills.

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Concerned with contributing something to society and leaving their mark on the world.

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Avoiding intimacy, due to past failed experiences of love

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Isolation, sometimes depression, loneliness, feeling as though you will never be able to love again

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One positive would include an individual reflecting on life and feeling satisfied, while a negative would be to look back and feel bitter and regret the decisions made in life.

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We give back to society through raising our children, being productive at work, and becoming involved in community activities and organizations. By failing to achieve these objectives, we become stagnant and feel unproductive

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Competency; If children are encouraged and reinforced for their initiative, they begin to feel industrious and feel confident in their ability to achieve goals.

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If the child cannot develop the specific skill they feel society is demanding ( being athletic) then they may develop a sense of inferiority.

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During this stage, adolescents search for a sense of self and personal identity, through an intense exploration of personal values, beliefs, and goals.

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12-20

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Leads to the virtue of care. Increases productivity and creativity in the sense of marriage and parenthood.

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Erikson believes that during successful early adolescence, mature time perspective is developed; the young person acquires self-certainty as opposed to self-consciousness and self-doubt. He comes to experiment with different  – usually constructive – roles rather than adopting a “negative identity”

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Child learns how to fit into society as an individual,

Independence is developed.

Virtue: Fidelity

Fidelity involves being able to commit one's self to others on the basis of accepting others, even when there may be ideological differences.

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In response to role confusion or identity crisis, an adolescent may begin to experiment with different lifestyles (e.g., work, education or political activities). Also pressuring someone into an identity can result in rebellion in the form of establishing a negative identity, and in addition to this feeling of unhappiness.

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Regrets may occur about past life experiences
Demands of time periods may lead to excess stress and anxiety
Potential to become unproductive with dissatisfied wishes and desires