# data[].attributes.headline
10) What is the underlying basis for Ecological Theory?

# data[].attributes.subject
10) What is the underlying basis for Ecological Theory?

# data[].attributes.body
This theory put the blame for crime squarely on the economic system of capitalism, which encouraged competition for resources and wealth, and resulted in the creation of economic winners and losers. Those who were on the downside of capitalism would be more likely to turn to crime, and those on the upside would more and more insist that their wealth be protected from this underclass.

# data[].attributes.headline
1) According to theorists Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, what is the contract that exists between the government and the people it governs? 

# data[].attributes.subject
1) According to theorists Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, what is the contract that exists between the government and the people it governs? 

# data[].attributes.body
He felt that law was a form of social contract between government and the people, in which both sides recognized the need for for compromise between personal freedoms and restrictions that are intended to protect the best interests of the people at large.

# data[].attributes.headline
2) What is the name given to this theory?

# data[].attributes.subject
2) What is the name given to this theory?

# data[].attributes.body
CLASSICAL THEORY

# data[].attributes.headline
3) What is the concept of utilitarianism?

# data[].attributes.subject
3) What is the concept of utilitarianism?

# data[].attributes.body
that laws should exist for the greater good of the greatest number of people

# data[].attributes.body
in the 1960s there was among positivist criminoligist that crime might be the result of an abnormalality of chromosomes. this was known as the XYY theory that argued that violent male criminals had an abnormal XXY chromosome pattern, rather than the usual XY.

# data[].attributes.headline
5) What is the main notion behind positivism?

# data[].attributes.subject
5) What is the main notion behind positivism?

# data[].attributes.body
The main notion of positivism is that criminals are born and not developed through outside influences

# data[].attributes.headline
6) What theory was put forth by Cesare Lambroso?

# data[].attributes.subject
6) What theory was put forth by Cesare Lambroso?

# data[].attributes.body
The theory put forth was that criminals shared certain defining physical characteristics, like pronounced jaws, or strong canine teeth, and that these physical characteristics could be used to identify criminals in advance of their crimes.

# data[].attributes.headline
8) What two problems are created if positivism is true?

# data[].attributes.subject
8) What two problems are created if positivism is true?

# data[].attributes.headline
9) What is the basis behind Anomie Theory? Who is the person most closely associated with this theory?

# data[].attributes.subject
9) What is the basis behind Anomie Theory? Who is the person most closely associated with this theory?

# data[].attributes.body
The basis behind Anomie Theory is the shift from rural to urban life and the negative effects on individuals. When people lose the cultural and social norms as a consequence of urbanization, they have a greater possibility of turning to crime.  French sociologist Emile Durkheim is most closely associated with this theory.

# data[].attributes.headline
11) Who were the authors of Social Conflict Theory? What did they theorize?

# data[].attributes.subject
11) Who were the authors of Social Conflict Theory? What did they theorize?

# data[].attributes.body
People commit crime because capitalism creates winners and losers, and that the whole society, and its laws, are rigged in favor of the winners to keep the losers down. Criminal behavior is one way for “losers” to get what they feel is their proper piece of the economic pie.

# data[].attributes.headline
12) What is the underlying basis for Consensus Theory?

# data[].attributes.subject
12) What is the underlying basis for Consensus Theory?

# data[].attributes.headline
13) What is the underlying basis for Strain Theory? For Socialization Theory?

# data[].attributes.subject
13) What is the underlying basis for Strain Theory? For Socialization Theory?