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10. What are our concluding thoughts about providing services to exceptional learners?

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10. What are our concluding thoughts about providing services to exceptional learners?

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The book believes that controversy is good for the special education field and if we are debating then that means someone cares. We should continue to make positive strides towards making special education better and more effective daily.

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9. What impact do standard-based reform and the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) have on special education?

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9. What impact do standard-based reform and the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) have on special education?

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*Students with disabilities are expected to participate in Common Core.
*Proponents of participation suggest that special education has not been help accountable for students real progress.
*The CCSS states that children with disabilities should be held accountable regardless of the curriculum and should instead be provided with appropriate accommodations.
*Others argue that some students disabilities should not be held to the same standard as nondisabled students and the curriculum in return puts more emphasis on the gen ed curriculum and not enough on learning skills.

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8. What are the current strategies in the use of technologies?

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8. What are the current strategies in the use of technologies?

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-The most relevant controversial technologies for people with disabilities involve medical advances, human reproduction, and communication tools.

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7. What are the trends and issues in universal design?

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7. What are the trends and issues in universal design?

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Universal design refers to the idea that many users can manipulate it, however few can be made usable by literally all and custom design will always be necessary.

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6. What are the roles of general and special educators in providing exceptional learners an individualized education program?

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6. What are the roles of general and special educators in providing exceptional learners an individualized education program?

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General educators are expected to...
-Make maximum effort to accomodate individual students needs
-Refer students who need an evaluation
-Participate in eligibility conferences
-Participate in writing indivdualized education programs
-Communicate with parents and guardians
-Participate in due process hearings and negotiations
-Collaborate with other professionals in identifying and making maximum use if exceptional students abilities
Special educators are expected to...
-Instruct students with learning problems, using evidence-based pratices
-Manage serious behavior problems
-Evaluate technological advances
-Know special education law

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5. What are the current practices in collaboration between general and special educators?

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5. What are the current practices in collaboration between general and special educators?

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Collaboration with general education generally speaks to special and general educators work together with arrangements to make teaching together seamless and comfortable for both the students and teachers.
-Some may argue that co-teaching is not as effective as we think because general educators aren't trained and still lack the appropriate training to accommodate students with a wide variety of disabilities.

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4. What are some ways that teachers implement inclusionary practices?

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4. What are some ways that teachers implement inclusionary practices?

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*Collaborative Consultation
*Co-teaching and other team arrangements
*Curricula and instructional strategies
*Accommodations and adaptions

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3. What are the various placement options for exceptional learners?

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3. What are the various placement options for exceptional learners?

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General Education: This is the least restrictive environment where the student is separated from nondisabled as little as possible.
Resource Class
Self-Contained Class
Special-Day Schools
Hospital or homebound instruction
Residential School

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2. How is the intent of special education law implemented in individualized education for students with disabilities?

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2. How is the intent of special education law implemented in individualized education for students with disabilities?

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The special education law is implemented through IEP's. Individualized Education Program is the legal document that describes the services the student should be receiving from the school. Though the law doesn't specify how much detail the document should include, the team should put together a document that is clear and useful.

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1. How are students with exceptionalities evaluated and identified for special education services in school setting?

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1. How are students with exceptionalities evaluated and identified for special education services in school setting?

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Students are found eligible for special education services through Child Find. Students with exceptionalities, in public education and outside of public education, all have the right to receive an appropriate education once identified using "child find" process.
First step in the child find process is Referral. During this stage, teachers, parents or counselors can make a request for an evaluation. Parents are required to give consent prior to the child evaluation.
Next is an Evaluation, within 60 days after the parent agrees to the evaluation the district must perform a full evaluation of the student. The information gathered from the evaluation will help determine the student's eligibility for special education or other related services.
Final step in a "child find" is Eligibility Determination, where a team of general education teachers, special education teachers, counselors, parents, and a principal meet to discuss and determine if a student has a disability that has a impact on the students learning capacity.  If the parent does not agree with the final decision they have an option to get another opinion.