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Scalawags were considered to be any Southerners who agreed with the Republican Plan for reconstruction. They joined in support of the Freedmen.

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Carpetbaggers were Northerners who moved south, most of whom came as missionaries and entrepreneurs to help educate the freedmen. Southerners thought they were opportunists who came to take advantage of the war-torn south. All of their belongings brought with them were packed in carpetbags.

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The Election of 1876 was one of the most controversial Presidential elections in US History. During this election, Democrats agreed to support the election of the Republican candidate in exchange for the removal of federal troops from the South. This resulted in the end of Reconstruction and African Americans were abandoned by the federal government.

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Segregation is the isolation or separation of a group according to race, ethnic group, or class. The creation of Black Codes and subversive groups were intended to segregate the freedmen and keep them in positions of inferiority based on race.

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The Freedmen's Bureau was created to help protect the rights of the freedmen against the Black Codes. It provided food, clothing, medical care, education, and some protection from the hostile environment in the South. The Bureau helped many freedmen to find jobs, helped them to establish sharecropping relationships, and established over 1,000 schools throughout the South.

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Sharecropping is the type of farming where families would rent land from landowners to grow their crops.The families would only keep a small portion of the crops while the landowners kept the majority. This still kept the freedmen economically dependent on the landowners because they could not afford to
purchase their own land.

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A voting law created by Southerners which stated that if your grandfather was able to vote, you could vote too. This permitted whites to vote and excluded blacks.

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A poll tax was a qualification for voting. Many southern states implemented these taxes to prevent
African Americans from voting.

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The KKK was a subversive group who practiced racial discrimination and intimidation. The goal was to use violence, intimidation, and voter fraud to keep African Americans from exercising their rights under the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments so that whites could regain control of state governments.

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Black Codes were laws created by Southerners that restricted the freedom of the freedmen much like slave codes had before the end of slavery. These codes kept the freedmen in positions of social political, and economic inferiority.