# data[].attributes.body
decline
loss

# data[].attributes.body
rapid growth
projected rise
gain
growth is anticipated

# data[].attributes.body
Small talk is casual conversation with people you may not be familiar with. For example, you may talk about the weather with someone while waiting for a meeting to start or the bus to come. Small talk topics to avoid: religion, sex, money, and politics.

# data[].attributes.body
An idiom is a common phrase or saying that has a figurative meaning.  This means that the words cannot be taken literally.  For example:
"The ball is in your court." means:
It is up to you to make the next decision or step, not that you have an actual ball in a court.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.provider_name
FluentU English | English Language and Culture Blog

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Well, say you're in an American bar.

It's loud, but you can hear what people are saying.

Someone is talking about hitting books...

...another is talking about twisting someone's arm...

...and it sounds like someone's been stabbed in the back.
What the heck is going on?
You scratch your head and wonder why you can't understand these English expressions, even though you can translate the words.

Well, you've just had your first introduction to English idioms.

If you don't understand common idioms in English, it'll be hard to truly communicate like a native speaker.

In this post, we'll teach you nearly 100 English idioms and phrases that you need to make sense of the chatter at that American bar- and anywhere else!

But first, what exactly are idioms, anyways?

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere.Click here to get a copy. (Download)

What Are Idioms?

An idiom is a phrase whose meaning isn't obvious from looking at the individual words.

They have developed over time and so they might seem random to you. Idioms often rely on analogies and metaphors.

Because they're used so often in everyday English, if you don't know them, it's almost impossible to understand the context.

Learning common idioms in English will help you fit in with most situations, whether it's at a basketball game, over a beer, studying or going out on a hot date.

The key to understanding English idioms is never to look at them or read them in a literal sense-the words just won't make sense together. Instead, you need to learn them in context so you can understand their true meaning.

FluentU is a fun but effective tool for learning English idioms and phrases this way.

FluentU takes real-world videos-like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks-and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.

Unlike traditional language learning sites, FluentU uses a natural approach that helps you ease into the English language and culture over time. You'll learn English as it's spoken in real life.

FluentU has a variety of engaging content from popular talk shows, nature documentaries and funny commercials, as you can see here:

FluentU makes it really easy to watch English videos. There are captions that are interactive. That means you can tap on any word to see an image, definition and useful examples.

For example, when you tap on the word "searching," you'll see this:

Learn all the vocabulary in any video with quizzes. Swipe left or right to see more examples for the word you're learning.

The best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you're learning and gives you extra practice with difficult words. It even reminds you when it's time to review! Every learner has a truly personalized experience, even if they're learning with the same video.

You can start using the FluentU website on your computer or tablet or, better yet, by downloading the app from the iTunes or Google Play stores.

Another way to watch FluentU videos is by heading over to their dedicated channel on YouTube.

The channel is filled with entertaining language learning content on topics such as idiomatic phrases and expressions to improve your speaking skills. There's even a video on weird sayings in English to help you blend in with the natives!

For more videos on the English language and how to learn it, don't forget to subscribe to the FluentU YouTube channel.

As we indicated above, the words in idioms often seem totally random or strange when translated literally. That means it's difficult to create connections between these English expressions and their meanings, which makes them super difficult to remember.

So for this article, we've organized the idioms into common themes. This is called "grouping" or "chunking," an effective memorization technique that uses associations between words to solidify them in your mind.

We'll start with idioms in English that have some common verbs and then common prepositions you might already recognize.

Then we'll move on to common idioms and phrases for money, body parts, food and nature.

English Idioms with Common Verbs

1. Hit the books

Literally, hit the books means to physically hit, punch or slap your reading books. However, this is a commonly used expression among students, especially American college students who have a lot of studying to do. It simply means "to study," and is a way of telling your friends that you're going to study.

It could be for a final exam, a midterm test or even an English exam.
"Sorry but I can't watch the game with you tonight, I have to hit the books. I have a huge exam next week!"
2. Hit the sack

Just like the first idiom, the literal meaning of this would be physically hitting or beating a sack (a large bag usually used for carrying things in bulk such as flour, rice or even soil). But actually to hit the sack means to go to bed, and you'd use this to tell your friends or family that you're really tired, so you're going to sleep.

Instead of saying hit the sack you can also say hit the hay.
"It's time for me to hit the sack, I'm so tired."
3. Twist someone's arm

To twist someone's arm literally means to take a person's arm and turn it around, which could be really painful if you take it exactly word-for-word. If your arm has been twisted it means that someone has done a great job of convincing you to do something you might not have wanted to to do.

And if you manage to twist someone else's arm it means that you're great at convincing them, and they've finally agreed to do something after you've been begging them.
"Jake, you should really come to the party tonight!""You know I can't, I have to hit the books (study).""C'mon, you have to come! It's going to be so much fun and there are going to be lots of girls there. Please come?""Pretty girls? Oh all right, you've twisted my arm, I'll come!"
4. Stab someone in the back

If we take this idiom literally, we could find ourselves in a whole lot of trouble with the police, as it would mean taking a knife or another sharp object and putting it into a person's back.

However, as an idiom, to stab someone in the back means to hurt someone who was close to us and trusted us by betraying them secretly and breaking their trust. We call the person who does this a back stabber.
"Did you hear that Sarah stabbed Kate in the back last week?""No! I thought they were best friends, what did she do?""She told their boss that Kate wasn't interested in a promotion at work and Sarah got it instead.""Wow, that's the ultimate betrayal! No wonder they're not friends anymore."
5. Lose your touch

Literally, this means to no longer have the ability to touch or feel with your fingers or hands. But to lose your touch actually means that you lose an ability or talent you once had when dealing with things, people or situations.

We use this when you're usually good at a certain skill or talent, but then things start to go wrong.
"I don't understand why none of the girls here want to speak to me.""It looks like you've lost your touch with the ladies.""Oh no, they used to love me, what happened?"
6. Sit tight

Sit tight is a great example of why you can't translate idioms in English word-for-word. It literally would mean that you sit down squeezing your body in a tight way-which if you did would be very uncomfortable, not to mention you'd look really strange.

But if a person tells you to sit tight they want you to wait patiently and take no action until you hear otherwise.
"Mrs. Carter, do you have any idea when the exam results are going to come out?""Who knows Johnny, sometimes they come out quickly but it could take some time. You're just going to have to sit tight and wait."
By the way, if you're enjoying these idioms, then you'll love Creativa.

Creativa provides premium, highly produced videos for learning English and business communication skills. Creativa provides entertaining videos, useful but unexpected tips, and goes beyond just English to teach you body language and intonation. Creativa is a new product from the FluentU team.

Here's a sample video from Creativa's Mastering Business Video Calls in English course, which has tips for expressing yourself effectively:

7. Pitch in

This phrase actually makes no sense if you try to take it literally. However, figuratively speaking, it means to contribute (give) to something or someone or to join in.

So if your dad tells the family that he wants everyone to pitch in this weekend and help clear the backyard, it means he wants everyone to join in on the efforts to clear the yard and get things done quicker.
"What are you going to buy Sally for her birthday?""I don't know. I don't have much money.""Maybe we can all pitch in and buy her something great."
The above conversation suggests that every one of Sally's friends should contribute a little bit of money so they can afford to buy her a bigger and better present together.

8. Go cold turkey

Sound weird? Well, you're right, it does. How can anyone literally go cold turkey? A person can't transform into the bird we all love to eat for celebrations such as Christmas and Thanksgiving.

To go cold turkey means to suddenly quit or stop addictive or dangerous behavior such as smoking or drinking alcohol.

This idiom is said to have originated in the early 20th century and suggests that a person who suddenly quits something addictive-such as drugs or alcohol-suffers from side effects that make them look and feel like a cold, uncooked turkey. This includes pale (very white) skin and goosebumps (little small bumps on the skin when we're cold or sick).
"Shall I get your mom a glass of wine?""No, she's stopped drinking.""Really, why?""I don't know. A few months ago, she just announced one day she's quitting drinking.""She just quit cold turkey?""Yes, just like that!"
9. Face the music

In literal terms, facing the music means turning your body to the direction of the music and standing in front of it. But if your friend or your parents tell you to face the music, there's a much harsher meaning.

It means to "face reality" or to deal with the reality of the situation and accept all the consequences, good or bad (but mostly bad). Perhaps you've been avoiding something because you feel unsure or scared of the outcome. Maybe you lied to your teacher and she discovered the truth and now you have to face the music and accept the punishment.
"I can't understand why I failed math.""You know you didn't study hard, so you're going to have to face the music and take the class again next semester if you really want to graduate when you do."
10. Ring a bell

If we look at the literal meaning of ring a bell, it's just that: You could be ringing the school bell to tell students it's time to go to class or ringing someone's doorbell.

But the idiom means that somebody has mentioned something that sounds familiar to you, perhaps you've heard it before. In other words, when someone says something that you believe you've heard in the past, alarm bells start ringing and you try to remember how or why that name or place sounds familiar.
"You've met my friend Amy Adams, right?""Hmmm, I'm not sure, but that name rings a bell. Was she the one who went to Paris last year?"
11. Blow off steam

In reality a person cannot blow off steam (the hot rising air from boiling water)-only electrical equipment can, such as the electric jug (appliance for boiling water for coffee). So what does it mean when a person blows off steam?

If you're feeling angry, stressed or are experiencing some strong feelings and you want to get rid of them so you feel better again, you will blow off steam by doing something such as exercising to get rid of the stress.
"Why is Nick so angry and where did he go?""He had a fight with his brother, so he went for a run to blow off steam."
12. Cut to the chase

When somebody tells you to cut to the chase it means that you've been talking too long and haven't gotten to the point. When a person uses this idiom, they're telling you to hurry up and get to the important part, without all the details. Be careful how you use this idiom, because if used while talking to someone like a college professor or your boss, it's rude and disrespectful.

If you're speaking to a group of people, like your employees, and say I'm going to cut to the chase, it means that there are a few things that need to be said but there's very little time, so you'll skip to the important parts so everyone understands.
"Hi guys, as we don't have much time here, so I'm going to cut to the chase. We've been having some major problems in the office lately."
English Idioms with Common Prepositions

Prepositions are words that indicate where one thing is in relation to another. These include the words up, on and over as you'll see in the idioms below.

13. Up in the air

When we literally think about something being up in the air, we have the idea that something's floating or flying in the sky, perhaps an airplane or a balloon. But really if someone tells you that things are up in the air it means that these things are uncertain or unsure. Definite plans have not been made yet.
"Jen, have you set a date for the wedding yet?""Not exactly, things are up in the air and we're not sure if our families can make it on the day we wanted. Hopefully we'll know soon and we'll let you know as soon as possible."
14. On the ball

If you look at this phrase literally, it means to be either standing or sitting on a ball-but who would do that?

If you're on the ball it means that you're very quick to understand certain things, very prepared for something or react quickly (and correctly) to a situation.

For example, if you're planning your wedding that's still one year away from now and you've almost finished with all the planning already, you're definitely on the ball because not many people are that prepared!
"Wow, you've already finished your assignments? They aren't due until next week, you're really on the ball. I wish I could be more organized."
15. Get over something

If you think about it, it's possible to literally get over something, for example get over a fence-but this is not how the phrase is generally used in the English language.

Imagine having a really difficult time, like breaking up with your girlfriend or boyfriend-it's hard. But eventually once time passes and you no longer think about your ex, it means that you've gotten over him/her, you no longer worry about it and it no longer affects you in a negative way. It's also possible to get over an illness, which would mean that you've fully recovered.
"How's Paula? Has she gotten over the death of her dog yet?""I think so. She's already talking about getting a new one."
Cash and Money Idioms in English

16. Look like a million dollars/bucks

Wouldn't it be great if we really could look like a million dollars?We'd be rich, but that's not the case. If someone tells you that you look like a million bucks, you should take it as a huge compliment because it means you look absolutely fabulous and really attractive.

While sometimes we use this idiom for guys, it's more commonly used to compliment females. And while some of your female friends may look beautiful every day, you should save this one for when they've really made an effort and it's a special occasion, like prom or a wedding.
"Wow, Mary, you look like a million dollars/bucks this evening. I love your dress!"
17. Born with a silver spoon in one's mouth

Someone who comes from a wealthy and successful family.
"John was born with a silver spoon in his mouth. His parents bought him everything he wanted and sent him to the best private schools."
18. To go from rags to riches

To go from being poor to having a lot of money.
"Actor Jim Carrey went from rags to riches. At one time, he was living in a van, but he continued to work hard and eventually became one of the highest-paid comedians in the world."
19. Pay an arm and a leg for something

To pay a lot of money for something. You can also say that something "costs an arm and a leg."
"The price of chocolate has doubled.I nearly paid an arm and a leg for a small candy bar.""Chocolate costs an arm and a leg now."
20. To have sticky fingers

To be a thief.
"The manager fired the cashier because he had sticky fingers. He stole more than $200 in a month."
21. To give a run for one's money

To compete with someone at their level and make them really work for their win.
"Joe really gave me a run for my money in the chess tournament. He almost beat me!"
22. To pony up

To pay for something or settle a debt.
"Pony up and give me the $5 you owe me.""I told my roommate Jane to pony up her portion of the rent money."
23. To ante up

To pay someone (similar to "pony up").

The expression ante up comes from the game of poker, where players bet their money before the cards are dealt. If this expression looks familiar, it's because ante is also Latin for "before."

Over time, the idiom has come to refer to any type of payment someone owes-not just in poker.

"You'd better ante up and give me that $10 I loaned you last week."

It can also be used to refer to other services besides money that someone's owed.
Joe: "I'm tired of doing the housework by myself. You need to ante up or find a new roommate."Thomas: "I'm sorry. I'll help more around the house."
In this sentence, Joe uses ante up to mean that Thomas needs to start helping with the housework.

A similar idiom is to up the ante, which means "to raise the stakes/to raise the bet." In poker, when people up the ante, they bet more money than the person before them. This is used similarly in everyday conversation, when someone raises a bet or agrees to do more.
"Susan agreed to type up the group report, but Billy upped the ante when he said he'd type, print and deliver the report to Professor Stephens.""I wanted to place a $10 bet on the soccer match, but Daniel upped the ante and raised the bet to $50."
24. Break even

To neither gain nor lose money.
"The trip to the beach cost me $100, but I almost broke even after winning $90 in a contest."
25. Break the bank

To be very expensive.
"Taking a week-long vacation would break the bank. There's no way I could afford to do it."
26. To be closefisted

Someone who doesn't want to spend money. Similar to being stingy.
"Carl is so closefisted, he won't even buy snacks for the Christmas party."
27. To go Dutch

Everyone pays for their own meal at a restaurant.
"We had a date last night and we went Dutch. I paid for my coffee and she paid for her salad."
28. Shell out money/to fork over money

To pay for something (usually expensive).
"I wish I didn't buy that new car now that I'm shelling out $1,000 a month in payments.""She had to fork over a lot of money for traffic fines last month."
29. Midas touch

To be able to make money easily. This idiom comes from the story of King Midas, who turned everything he touched into gold.
"Jane really has the Midas touch. Every business she starts becomes very successful."
30. In the red/In the black

To lose more money than you make.
"I'm in the red this month after paying that speeding ticket. I'll need to find some work over the weekend for extra money."
The opposite of being in the red is being in the black, which means that you've made more money than you spent.
"After working a couple of small jobs over the weekend, I earned an extra $500 and am back in the black."
31. Receive a kickback

To receive money illegally/to receive bribes.
"The police chief was arrested after the news reported he was receiving kickbacks from criminals to ignore certain crimes.""The traffic cop receives kickbacks for not writing tickets to politicians."
32. Living hand to mouth

To live without a lot of money.
"The family has been living hand to mouth ever since their father lost his job."
33. To be loaded

To have a lot of money.
"Billy paid his Harvard Law School tuition with cash. His family is loaded."
34. Make ends meet

To make the money needed to pay for food and bills.
"I don't make much from my job as a cashier, but I'm able to make ends meet. I always have enough money for rent and groceries."
35. As genuine as a three-dollar bill

An American idiom used sarcastically to mean that something's fake.

When something's genuine, that means it's real. But the U.S. never made three-dollar bills, which means that there's no such thing as a genuine three-dollar bill.

For example, the Louvre Museum in Paris has the genuine Mona Lisa. If your school has a picture of the Mona Lisa hanging in the art room, it's not genuine. It's a copy. That means your school's copy of the Mona Lisa is as genuine as a three-dollar bill.
"That man tried to sell me a Lamborghini from 1953. He said it was the first Lamborghini model ever made but the company didn't exist until 10 years later. His car was as genuine as a three-dollar bill."
Body Part Idioms in English

36. Rule of thumb

Can thumbs rule or can you literally rule a thumb? If you think about it logically, it means absolutely nothing and makes no sense. However, if you hear someone say as a rule of thumb, they mean that it's a general unwritten rule for whatever they're talking about.

These rules of thumb are not based on science or research, and are instead just general principles. For example, there's no written scientific rule that you must add oil to boiling water when cooking pasta, but it's a rule of thumb and is practiced by most people so the pasta won't stick to the bottom of the pan.
"As a rule of thumb you should always pay for your date's dinner.""Why? There's no rule stating that!""Yes, but it's what all gentlemen do."
37. Keep your chin up

Did you just have a massive fight with your friend? Did you fail your English finals? Did your team lose the final match? Did you lose your job?

If you answered "yes" to any of the questions, then you're probably feeling sad and a little depressed, right?

In this situation, a supportive friend might tell you to keep your chin up. When they tell you this, they're showing their support for you, and it's a way of saying, "Stay strong, you'll get through this. Don't let these things affect you too badly."
"Hey, Keiren, have you had any luck finding work yet?""No, nothing, it's really depressing, there's nothing out there!""Don't worry, you'll find something soon, keep your chin up buddy and don't stress."
38. Find your feet

Is it possible to lose your feet? No way, they're attached to your body! So what does it mean when somebody says they're trying to find their feet?

If you find yourself in a new situation, for example living in a new country and having to get used to a new college, you could say I'm still finding my feet.It means that you're still adjusting and getting used to the new environment.
"Lee, how's your son doing in America?""He's doing okay. He's learned where the college is but is still finding his feet with everything else. I guess it'll take time for him to get used to it all."
Food Idioms

39. Spice things up

To spice things up means to make them more interesting or exciting.
"Instead of just buying Sam a birthday gift, let's spice things up by taking him out for dinner."
40. A piece of cake

A piece of cake refers to a task or job that's easy to complete or accomplish.
"I expected the English test to be difficult but it was a piece of cake."
41. Cool as a cucumber

Cucumbers have a refreshing taste and leave you with a cool, calm feeling. So if you're cool as a cucumber, you're someone who's very calm and relaxed.
"My friend is nervous about taking his driving test but I'm cool as a cucumber."
42. A couch potato

A couch potato refers to someone who spends a lot of time sitting on the couch watching TV.
"After my uncle retired from his job, he became a couch potato."
43. Bring home the bacon

To bring home the bacon means to make an income or earn a living to support your family.
"Ever since her father was injured, she's been working two jobs to bring home the bacon."
44. In hot water

When someone is in hot water, they're in a bad situation or serious trouble.
"My brother is in hot water for failing all his college classes."
45. Compare apples and oranges

Apples are very different from oranges both in looks and taste. It's hard to compare two things that are so unlike each other. So then, to compare apples and oranges is to compare two very different things.
"I'm not sure which I enjoy more-pottery or dancing. It's like comparing apples and oranges."
46. Not one's cup of tea

If something is not your cup of tea, it's an activity you have no interest in, don't enjoy or don't do well in.
"Camping is really not my cup of tea so I'm going to visit my friend in New York instead."
47. Eat like a bird

How much does a bird eat? Not very much, right? So to eat like a bird is to eat very little.
"Don't trouble yourself cooking such a big meal. I eat like a bird."
48. Eat like a horse

Now, a horse is much bigger than a bird. So how much do you think a horse eats? That's right, to eat like a horse is to eat a large amount of food.
"My mother has to cook a lot of food when my brother comes to visit. He eats like a horse."
49. Butter [someone] up

To butter someone up is to please or flatter someone in order to win his or her favor. This separable phrase may be used in the format butter [someone] up or butter up [someone].
"Everyone seems to be trying to butter up the new boss hoping to become her favorite."
50. Food for thought

Food for thought refers to something that's worth thinking carefully about.
"Moving to another state is food for thought for many of those affected by the recent hurricanes in Texas and Florida."
51. A smart cookie

Here's an easy one. A smart cookie is an intelligent person.
"It shouldn't be hard too hard for a smart cookie like you to learn Spanish."
52. Packed like sardines

What do you see when you open up a can of sardines? Yes, the fish crammed inside the can. So packed like sardines describes a place or situation that's very crowded with people (or animals)-for example, a concert hall or sports event.
"Were you at the football game last night? The stadium was packed like sardines."
53. Spill the beans

You accidentally knock over a bowl of beans and they all spill out. Think of this image and you'll remember that spill the beans means to accidentally or prematurely give out information that's supposed to be kept secret.
"We were planning a surprise birthday party for Joyce this weekend. But this morning, Owen spilled the beans and now it's no longer a surprise."
54. A bad apple

Imagine a basket of apples with one rotten apple inside. This picture will help you remember that a bad apple is someone who creates problems or trouble, or is a bad influence on the other people in a group.
"Instead of focusing on college, he spends his time hanging out with bad apples."
55. Bread and butter

Bread and butter is a basic food that many of us eat. So the idiom bread and butter refers to a job that makes the money you need to live and afford basic necessities like food, housing, etc.
"Fishing is the bread and butter of the friendly people I met on the island last summer."
56. Buy a lemon

To buy a lemon means to buy something (usually a motor vehicle) that doesn't work well and is therefore worthless.
"The car looked so new and shiny I had no way of knowing I was buying a lemon."
57. A hard nut to crack

Is it easy to crack open a nut? Not always. Well, a hard nut to crack refers to a person who's difficult to deal with or to get to know.
"I tried to be friendly with her but I was told she's a hard nut to crack."
58. Have a sweet tooth

Do you like eating cakes, candy and other sweet-tasting food? If you do, then you can say you have a sweet tooth.
"Yes, I definitely have a sweet tooth. I can never walk past a bakery and not stop to buy myself a slice of chocolate cake."
Nature Idioms

59. Under the weather

Can you be under the weather literally? Probably yes, if you think about standing under the clouds, rain and sun, but it makes no sense.

If you're feeling under the weather, you're not your usual self and could be feeling a little sick. The sick feeling is nothing serious-perhaps it's just extreme tiredness from studying too much, or having a bad headache because you're starting to get the flu.
"What's wrong with Katy, mom?""She's feeling a little under the weather so be quiet and let her rest."
60. A storm is brewing

There will be trouble or emotional upset in the near future.
"She decided to go ahead with their wedding, even though all they've been doing lately is arguing. I can sense a storm is brewing."
61. Calm before the storm

An unusually quiet period before a period of upheaval (problems, chaos).
"The strange quietness in town made her feel peaceful. Little did she know, it was just the calm before the storm."
62. Weather a storm

To survive a dangerous event or effectively deal with a difficult situation.
"Last year, they had some financial difficulties when her husband was fired. Together, they weathered the storm and figured out how to keep going."
63. When it rains, it pours

Bad things occur in large numbers, but many big things happen all at once.
"First he was laid off, then his wife got into a car accident. When it rains, it pours."
64. Chasing rainbows

Following dreams, trying to do something that can't be achieved.
"His paintings have neither style nor imagination, but he insists on being a professional painter. He's always chasing rainbows."
65. Rain or shine

Used to indicate that something will happen no matter what. This is one of the rare idioms that's also often used literally, for outdoor events that'll take place whether it rains or not.
"I'll see you at the airport, rain or shine."
66. Under the sun

Refers to everything on Earth, usually used as part of a superlative.
"Gili Trawangan must be one of the most beautiful islands under the sun."
67. Once in a blue moon

Very rarely.
"He used to call his grandma once in a blue moon. Now that she has passed away, he regrets not making more of an effort to keep in touch."
68. Every cloud has a silver lining

There's a good aspect to every bad situation.
"Don't worry about losing your job. It'll be okay. Every cloud has a silver lining!"
69. A rising tide lifts all boats

When an economy is performing well, all of the people involved will benefit from it.
"When the economy showed the first signs of recovering, everyone started investing and spending more. A rising tide lifts all boats."
70. Get into deep water

To be in trouble. Very similar to the idiom in hot water that we discussed above.
"He got into deep water when he borrowed a lot of money from a loan shark."
71. Pour oil on troubled waters

To try to make people feel better and become friendly again after an argument. This expression comes from the calming effect that oil has on waves as it spreads over the surface of the sea.

With the ecological disasters following big oil spillage in recent years, some people might now think of this phrase rather differently compared to its original meaning-but it's still interesting to know about.
"She hated seeing her two best friends arguing, so she got them together and poured oil on troubled waters."
72. Make waves

To cause trouble, to change things in a dramatic way.
"She likes to make waves with her creative marketing campaigns. They get a lot of attention from customers."
73. Go with the flow

To relax and go along with whatever's happening.
"Quite often in life, good things happen when you don't make plans. Just go with the flow and see what happens!"
74. Lost at sea

To be confused about something or to feel unsure about what to do.
"I am lost at sea with this new system at work. I just can't understand it."
75. Sail close to the wind

To act just within the limits of what's legal or socially acceptable, to push boundaries.
"They fired their accountant because he sailed too close to the wind."
76. Make a mountain out of a molehill

To exaggerate the severity of a situation.
"She shouted at him angrily for being five minutes late, but it really didn't matter that much. She really made a mountain out of a molehill."
77. Gain ground

To become popular, to make progress, to advance.
"As Airbnb gains ground in many cities all over the world, many locals complain that they can no longer find a place to live. Landlords would rather rent their places out to tourists and earn more money."
78. Walking on air

Very excited or happy. "Over the moon," "on cloud nine," "in seventh heaven" and "in good spirits" are a few more advanced English expressions you can use to talk about happiness.
"She's been walking on air since she found out that she's pregnant."
79. Many moons ago

This is one of those English expressions that's a little bit formal or dated. You'll most likely hear it in stories, or when someone is trying to create a dramatic effect.
"Many moons ago, we used to be two very close friends. Now we've gone separate ways and lost contact."
80. Castle in the sky

A daydream, a hope, especially for one's life, that's unlikely to come true.
"World traveling used to be a castle in the sky for most people a few decades ago, but with cheap flight tickets and the global use of English, many youngsters are living that dream."
81. Down to earth

To be practical and sensible.
"It's a stereotype, but Dutch people are known for being down to earth."
82. Salt of the earth

Being honest and good.
"My father is the salt of the earth. He works hard and always helps people who are in need."
83. The tip of the iceberg

Just a small part of something much bigger.
"Exceptionally long drought periods are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the global impact of climate change."
84. Break the ice

To attempt to become friends with someone.
"He made a weather joke to break the ice."
85. Sell ice to Eskimos

To be able to sell anything to anyone; to persuade people to go against their best interests or to accept something unnecessary or preposterous.

The word Eskimo refers to indigenous people who live in very cold, snowy regions-they don't need any ice! If you can sell ice to them, you can sell anything to anyone.

While it's important to recognize common idioms like this one, be aware that the word Eskimo is considered derogatory (rude; prejudiced) by many people.
"He's a gifted salesman, he could sell ice to Eskimos."
86. Bury your head in the sand

To (try to) avoid a particular situation by pretending that it doesn't exist.
"Stop burying your head in the sand. You haven't been happy with him for years, why are you staying together?"
87. Let the dust settle

To allow a situation to become calm or normal again after something exciting or unusual has happened.
"You just had big news yesterday, let the dust settle and don't make any decisions yet."
88. Clear as mud

Not clear at all, not easy to understand.
"He's a great scientist, but I find his explanation of bacteria and microbes as clear as mud."
89. As cold as stone

Being very cold and unemotional.
"In the Victorian times, many women were told to suppress their feelings and, thus, appeared as cold as stone."
90. Between a rock and a hard place

In difficulty, faced with a choice between two unsatisfactory options.
"I can understand why she couldn't make up her mind about what to do. She's really between a rock and a hard place."
Other English expressions with a similar meaning are:

the lesser of two evils

between the devil and the deep blue sea

between Scylla and Charybdis

Hobson's choice

91. Nip something in the bud

To stop a bad situation from becoming worse by taking action at an early stage of its development.
"When the kid shows the first signs of misbehaving, you should nip that bad behavior in the bud."
92. Barking up the wrong tree

Doing something that won't give you the results you want.
"If you think she's going to lend you money, you're barking up the wrong tree. She never lends anyone anything."
93. Out of the woods

The situation is still difficult but it's improved or gotten easier. The hardest part of something is over.
"The surgery went very well and he just needs to recover now, so he's officially out of the woods."
94. Can't see the forest for the trees

To be unable to see the whole situation clearly because you're looking too closely at small details.
"He's worried because the flowers haven't all arrived, but everyone says the wedding has been perfect and beautiful. He just can't see the forest for the trees."
95. To hold out an olive branch

To offer to make peace (with a rival or enemy).
"After years of rivalry with her cousin, she decided to hold out an olive branch and go have fun together."
96. Beat around the bush

To spend a long time getting to the main point of what you're saying, especially because it's embarrassing.
"I don't have much time, so stop beating around the bush and tell me what actually happened."
The next time you watch an English movie or TV show, bring a notepad and write down any strange and funny English expressions that you hear so you can look them up later. Chances are, they're common idioms.

And the more comfortable you get using English idioms and phrases, the closer you get to reaching full English fluency.

Download: This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that you can take anywhere.Click here to get a copy. (Download)

If you liked this post, something tells me that you'll love FluentU, the best way to learn English with real-world videos.
Experience English immersion online!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
96 Super Common English Idioms (With Meanings and Pictures) | FluentU English

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Here are all the common English idioms and phrases you need to understand native speakers! 1. Hit the books 2. Hit the sack 3. Twist someone's arm 4. Stab someone in the back, and way more. You'll be a master of English expressions by the end of this article.

# data[].attributes.body
A reference sheet is a supplement to your resume.  You will put down names of people who are professional references (former bosses, supervisors, etc) who know how you work and personal references (coworkers, teachers, etc) who know how you are as a person.  Family members are NOT personal references.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Creating a Reference List for a Potential Job | Internship and Career Center

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
References are generally requested and checked after a successful interview and just before offering you a position. Often a potential employer will request a list of 3-5 people you have worked with as references. References can serve as a final confirmation of your skills, abilities and verification of positive on-the-job performance.

# data[].attributes.body
The words an author uses give you insight into their tone, or their opinion/feelings towards a topic. Persuasive essays, or opinion essays, will have a more apparent use of tone than other types of writing. Some texts, such as in textbooks and manuals, try to have a neutral tone.

# data[].attributes.body
Pitfalls are dangers or difficulties that happen without warning or prior thought. For example, a pitfall to having an outdoor wedding in May would be that the wedding day might have rain. Sure, the wedding might be beautiful to think about - the trees, the sunshine, the flowers, etc - but rain is a potential pitfall that could ruin those thoughts.

# data[].attributes.body
We have been learning examples of academic language when we read articles in class.  Some examples we've learned so far are:  "According to the author/article," and "The author says...."  Can you think of other academic language examples we've seen this session?

# data[].attributes.body
When you are writing and want to refer to something an author or article says, you need to use academic language and correctly cite your source. Here is a guide to help you.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Articles and movies and books, oh my! Learn how to format MLA citations for every type of source in your bibliography.

# data[].attributes.body
Trade writing with another student. Tell them what they could use help on, or what you think is good about their writing.

# data[].attributes.body
Click on this note to add at least 2 of your own professional strengths.  Add your initials after your sentences.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Free photo Women Crossfit Strong Kirsy Figueroa Exercise - Max Pixel

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Women Crossfit Strong Kirsy Figueroa Exercise photo, resolution 5184×3456 pixel, Image type JPEG, free download and free for commercial use.

# data[].attributes.body
An outline is a way to organize your thoughts before you write. Here is a photo of an outline.

# data[].attributes.body
In your personal life, you can often picture yourself in an argument with a friend, spouse, child, or parent.  People sometimes call these "fights."
However, in education, you will find that professors want you to write an argument.
In this case, they want you to give your opinion, but have resources to back up your opinion.  The video shows what an argument means and will give you practice in idioms and slang.  :)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Write an Argumentative Essay by Shmoop

# data[].attributes.body
We are learning about passive voice. Click on the playlist to see videos of people using the passive voice.

# data[].attributes.body
A promotion is going up a level in your work.
For example, a cashier at a grocery store might get a promotion and become the lead cashier.  An assistant manager may be promoted to a manager.
Promotions come with more responsibility and most times more salary.

# data[].attributes.body
Passive sentences have the form subject + be + past participle. A passive verb is used to focus on what happens to the subject. A phrase of by + noun comes after the passive verb only if it's important to know who or what performs the action. (Ventures Transitions, page 14)

# data[].attributes.body
Also referred to as "soft skills" in our book, these skills are what make you a great person to work with.  These skills can go with you from job to job, without formal training.
For example, you have good communication skills because you can speak with customers easily and you are understood. This is a transferable skill.

# data[].attributes.body
A page-long document that tells about your school, work, and professional background and skills. This is used to get a job.

# data[].attributes.body
This is a phrase used to mean that something is good for you, it is something that looks or feels good to you, or is something that you are good at.
For example: If you are good at drawing, a career in graphic design might suit you.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
English as a Second Language You can read my ESL story Present Simple

# data[].attributes.body
Telling someone about a person, place, or thing that they had a good experience with.
For example: You are looking for a new job.  Your friend refers you to the place her sister works because it would be a good fit for you.

# data[].attributes.body
A short paragraph or few sentences that tell the main points in a longer article, book, passage, etc.  You use your own words to tell about what you read.

# data[].attributes.body
Guidelines for how you will be graded on a project. Use it like a checklist to make sure you are doing all the work you need for the highest score.

# data[].attributes.body
You read one part of an article.  Your classmates read other parts of the same article.
You tell your classmates about your part; they tell you about their parts.