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Nowadays, backed by recent significant advances in research and development, biotechnology, a technology that engineeringly applies knowledge of biology to develop products and technologies that contributes to improve our society has been expanding its connection to our life. One of the examples of the application of biotechnology in familiar areas is genetically modified organisms, also known as simply GMO. It is a plant that has a copy of a desired gene or genetic material from another organism to replace one of the original gene in order improve the characteristics. The difference between to conventional plant breeding is that it can replaced one of genes by a gene of an organism that is from entirely different kingdom while conventional breeding allows gene exchange only by same or very close relevant species (“How does GM differ from conventional plant breeding?”).

One of the organisms that are popularly modified its gene to improve the characteristics is corn ("10 Most Common GMO Foods To Avoid"). It is done by one of biotechnologies called genetic modification. According to St. Rosemary Institute, the initial step of changing a combination of genes is taking a sample that has gene of interest, and separates DNA. After DNA extraction, the gene of interest will be separated from the rest, and make a clone of it. The next step is to adjust the gene to faction inside different organism. The transgene which is a new genetic instruction of the organism is added to bulk undifferentiated cells that are propagated by tissue culture.

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Where would we see this in the real world?

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Where would we see this in the real world?

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GMO corns have been growing to provide for humans to eat them in their daily life. Therefore, we mostly would see this in our dinner table, or shops when they purchase them. In fact, 88% of corn in the United States was genetically modified in 2013 (Dupont, “GMO corn, soybeans dominate US market”). This means that majority of corn circulating in the United States is GMO corn, and it is very likely that more people are buying GMO corn than normal corn. Therefore, it can be said that GMO corn are spread throughout the society, that they might see it very often.

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One of the profits that GMO corn brings into our society is its flexible nutrients addition. According to Vittana, it is possible to take corn to genetically modify and infuse additional varied nutrients, such as Vitamins and minerals with ease. This would impact the world socially, that it allows people to eat a GMO corn to take much variety or quantity of nutrients than normal natural corn. This impact becomes much significant in the poorest segment of the population who often have not enough money to buy adequate amount of food to take sufficient quantity of nutrients, because it allows them to take variety of important nutrients while saving expense on buying food, since the quantity or variation of nutrients increases in per GMO corn. This impact may eventually contributes to decrease the number of sick person due to lack of nutrients.

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As well as profits, developing GMO corns are often considered as ethical issue just like other genetically modified organisms. One of the ethical concerns is that its potential risks on human health. According to INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURE AND TRADE POLICY , a research shows that half the male and 70% of rats fed of GMO corn for two years died prematurely.  Animals fed by GMO corn had significant damage on their kidney and tumors. This result  suggest the potential health risk  of developing GMO corn on human health, as we are not certain enough that if this technology has no negative effect of our health in long-term or not. It is an ethical issue that in fact many GMO corns are provided to people even though there are some opinions that points out the harm on our health.

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Although genetically modified corn does not have only positive effect on every areas of human society, it is still capable to improve. As it was referred previously, it allows much wide and effective combination of genes in creatures, than the traditional breeding. This high potential may suggest that GMO corn can change to our good not only fixing its concerns but also significantly improving its characteristic that will ultimately be essential in our society.

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“Bt Corn: Genetically Modified Corn” SCHOOL WORK HELPERS. St. Rosemary Institution. https://schoolworkhelper.net/bt-corn-genetically-modified-corn/. Accessed 15 May 2018.

Dupont, Veronique. “GMO corn, soybeans dominate US market” PHYSORG. Phys.org. 4 June 2013. https://phys.org/news/2013-06-gmo-corn-soybeans-dominate.html. Accessed 19 May 2018.

“How does GM differ from conventional plant breeding?” THE ROYAL SOCIETY. The Royal Society. https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/projects/gm-plants/how-does-gm-differ-from-conventional-plant-breeding/. Accessed 16 May 2018.

“New safety concerns raised by GMO corn study” Institute for Agriculture & Trade Policy. INSTITUTE FOR AGLICULTURE AND TRADE POLICY. 20 September 2012. https://www.iatp.org/blog/201209/new-safety-concerns-raised-by-gmo-corn-study. Accessed 18 May 2018.

“10 Most Common GMO Foods To Avoid” FOOD MATTERS. Food Matters International PtyLtd. https://www.foodmatters.com/article/10-most-common-gmo-foods. Accessed 17 May 2018.

“11 Pros and Cons of Genetically Modified Corn” Vittana. Vitanna. https://vittana.org/11-pros-and-cons-of-genetically-modified-corn. Accessed 19 May 2018.

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Very good use of language. Maybe look out for run on sentences. Maybe talk about corn. Very good job explaining what the GMOs are and what they do.