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Space observatory

A space observatory is any instrument in outer space which is used for observation of distant planets, galaxies, and other outer space objects.

A large number of observatories have been launched into orbit, and most of them have greatly enhanced our knowledge of the cosmos.

Performing astronomy from the Earth's surface is limited by the filtering and distortion of electromagnetic radiation due to the Earth's atmosphere.

This makes it desirable to place astrononomical observation devices into space.

As a telescope orbits the Earth outside the atmosphere it is subject neither to twinkling (distortion due to thermal turbulences of the air) nor to light pollution from artificial light sources on the Earth.

But space-based astronomy is even more important for frequency ranges which are outside of the optic window and the radio window, the only two wavelength ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum that are not severely attenuated by the atmosphere.

For example, X-ray astronomy is nearly impossible when done from the Earth, and has reached its current important stand within astronomy only due to orbiting satellites with X-ray telescopes such as the Chandra observatory or XMM-Newton observatory.

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The main tools used by astronomers are telescopes, spectrographs, spacecrafts, cameras, and computers. Astronomers use many different types of telescopes to observe objects in the Universe. Some are located right here on earth and some are sent into space. Just about everything we know about the Universe comes from the study of the light emitted by objects in space. Astronomers use these tools (especially telescopes) very often. Astronomers also use a lot of physics and mathematics in their work.
Telescopes are used to gather light from distant objects and let us see them "up close." Spectrographs break the light up into a "spectrum" which shows us the chemical fingerprints of elements in space and tells us the temperature, composition and velocity of stars, planets, galaxies and nebulae. Cameras are used to gather images. They are connected to telescopes and are placed onboard spacecraft to get pictures of objects in our solar system. Computers are used to analyze the data received from telescopes and spacecraft.

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By the late 1940s, a team of German-born rocket engineers and scientists were exploring beyond the skies into the edges of space, believing Goddard's dream of a trip to Mars was achievable.

"I have learned to use the word 'impossible' with the greatest caution," said Wernher von Braun who was leading what came to be known as the Rocket Team.

The history of exploration took the next logical step –- venturing into outer space. The new explorers of the 20thcentury embraced the sentiment of Russian space pioneer Konstantin Tsiolkovsky.

"The Earth is the cradle of humanity," he said, "but one cannot live in a cradle forever."

On Oct. 3, 1957, scientists and engineers in the Soviet Union were the first to take a small step out of the "cradle" when they launched the world's first satellite, Sputnik 1.

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Walda

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Riya

Optical telescopes observe visible light from space. Small ones allow amateurs to view the night sky relatively cheaply but there are very large optical telescopes sited around the world for professional astronomers to use.
Radio telescopes detect radio waves coming from space. Although they are usually very large and expensive, these telescopes have an advantage over optical telescopes. They can be used in bad weather because the radio waves are not blocked by clouds as they pass through the atmosphere. Radio telescopes can also be used in the daytime as well as at night.

X-rays are partly blocked by the Earth's atmosphere and so X-ray telescopes need to be at high altitude or flown in balloons.

an atmosphere and equipment to remove waste gases such as carbon dioxide.
insulation and heating to provide a suitable temperature for life.
exercise equipment to reduce the effects of weightlessness, such as weakened bones.

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We can explore the universe with robots . The most common ones are known as..fly-bys ,orbiters ,landers and rovers.

- Fly-by’s are simply used to gravitate the pull of a plant or moon to give it self a little speed boost

- Orbiters is a part of space probe that is designed to go around and orbit around a panet, moon or other body in space .

- A lander is a part of space probe which is design ether on land or space

- A rover is a vechicle that travels across the surface of a planet or moon to collect data

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WHAT DO We use TO EXPLORE THE SPACE.

Exploring space

Stars are very far away from each other. The distances are measured in light years. One light year is the distance that light travels in one year. Since the speed of light in space is about 300,000,000 m/s, this is a very large distance indeed - about 9.5 million million km.

One of the earliest tools for space exploration was the telescope. Using lenses and mirrors to see beyond Earth's borders, telescopes gave scientists their first glimpses of what exists beyond Earth's atmosphere.

For example, the telescope is no longer an Earth-bound instrument. In 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into outer space. In the last 20 years, it has brought us images of our universe that couldn't have been captured in any other way.

It's a miraculous piece of technology that's powered by sunlight. With many different cameras and types of scientific instruments, the Hubble Space Telescope has provided scientists with invaluable data. In fact, NASA estimates that data from the Hubble Space Telescopehas been used as the basis of over 10,000 scientific papers in the past two decades!

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What do we use explore the spaces?

We use tools such as statellites ,spaces shuttles,and telescopes are used to explore spaces.

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To explore the universe we use different tools sach as                          space telescope: due to emissions of electromagnetic radiation we can detect the space or the universe. Another tools that is currently using are satellites. Satellite can see the space better than telescope, as the rusalt astronomers utilise this to watch for dangerous rays coming from the sun . Some satellites fly near to other plant and this help them to explore. for instance  taking picture of mars so that they might find an evidence of water.

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We also use rockets to enter space and est other planets

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We use Jmars-java mission -planning and analysis for remote sensing.
It is the geospatial data analysis tool developed Arizona state university mars space flight facility,it allows the construction of images from multiple datasets which allows you to take high resolution photography of a certain spot in mars.
Analyst notebook is a playback tool for NASA’s many ground based missions
Telescope are the oldest instruments used in exploring space ,the invention of radio telescope made it possible to study radio waves from distant objects in space.
Spectroscopy was used to learn more about the characteristics of different cosmic bodies.

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Instruments used to observe space:

Optical telecopes

Radio telecopes

Spectroscopes

Star charts

Optical telescopes- Over the centuries, telescopes evolved from simple hand-held objects to mounted beasts on mountain-top observatories and finally to telescopes orbiting the earth in outer space, which introduced the advantage of eliminating atmospheric distortion of the visual field. Today's telescopes are capable of seeing almost to the edge of the known universe.
Radio telescopes- Radio telescopes detect celestial objects not using the light waves they emit but using the radio waves. These telescopes are built in the form of parabolic dishes. Visible objects such as stars and galaxies emit radio waves as well as light waves, others can only be detected by radio telescopes.

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We use telescope to explore stars and galaxys also you can use telescopes to explore other galaxies

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Stars are very far away from each other. The distances are measured in light years. One light year is the distance that light travels in one year. Since the speed of light in space is about 300,000,000 m/s, this is a very large distance indeed - about 9.5 million million km.

Radio signals also travel at the speed of light. This means that they take a long time to travel through the Solar System. For example, it takes just over one second for a signal to reach the Moon from the Earth, and up to 21 minutes to reach Mars.

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Naeema.        Whathat do we use to explore space

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Naeema.        Whathat do we use to explore space

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If astronauts are to explore Space,scientist and engineers must design system to protect them from theses condition therefore the spacecraft provide the conditions needed for astronauts to survive. They provide.   1:an atmosphere equipment to remove waste gases such as carbon dioxide.   2: insulating and heating to provide a suitable temperature for life   3:exercise equipment to reduce the  effect of weightlessnes,such as weakened bones.

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Instruments for observing space

1.Telescopes: The oldest instrument used in space exploration may be the telescope, the most relied upon instrument of astronomers since the invention of the refracting telescope. It was Galileo who revolutionized space science with his insightful observations which he made using his modified refracting telescope.

2.Spectroscope: Spectrometers are another scientific instrument which astronomers depend on greatly to learn more about the characteristics and composition of different cosmic bodies. Every space probe is fitted with spectrometers of different capabilities. For instance Mars exploration rovers, Spirit and Opportunity are equipped with a Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer, Mössbauer spectrometer and Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer, each with different purposes.

3.Robots: One of the greatest challenges of space exploration is the highly hostile environmental conditions, which make human exploration practically impossible in most cosmic environments. Scientists overcome this obstacle by developing different types of space robots.

4.Cameras: Another invaluable instrument in space exploration is cameras. They are used to take high resolution images of the surface and surroundings of cosmic bodies. Navigation cameras and hazard cameras help control stations on Earth guide robots across space.

5.Spacecraft: astronomers travel in spacecrafts to explore the universe and its inhabitants. They send cameras which they use to film everything in space .however they can't travel to other galaxies with spacecrafts cuz of the vast distances

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What do we use to explore the space?

Star are very far away from each other.

Distant  stars and galaxies are too far away for us to reach. We cannot go to them to study them. So everything we know about distant stars and galaxies comes from analysing the radiation they produce.

Telescopes are devices used to observe the universe. There are many different types and some are even sited in space.

Optical telescopes observe visible light from space. Small ones allow amateurs to view the night sky relatively cheaply but there are very large optical telescopes sited around the world for professional astronomers to use.

Disadvantage:

they can only be used at night

they cannot be used if the weather is poor or cloudy.

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we know about distant stars and galaxies comes from analysing the radiation they produce.

Telescopes are devices used to observe the universe.

Optical telescopes  observe visible light from space. Small ones allow amateurs to view the night sky relatively cheaply but there are very large optical telescopes sited around the world for professional astronomers to use.

Optical telescopes on the ground have some disadvantages:

they can only be used at night

they cannot be used if the weather is poor or cloudy.

Radio telescopes detect radio waves coming from space. Although they are usually very large and expensive, these telescopes have an advantage over optical telescopes. They can be used in bad weather because the radio waves are not blocked by clouds as they pass through the atmosphere. Radio telescopes can also be used in the daytime as well as at night.

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Optical telescopes observe visible light from space. Small ones allow amateurs to view the night sky relatively cheaply but there are very large optical telescopes sited around the world for professional astronomers to use.