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Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.
Categories of Water Pollution
Surface water
surface water is what fills our oceans, lakes, rivers, and all those other blue bits on the world map. Surface water from freshwater sources.
Ocean Water
Agricultural, sewage and waste water: It comes from our sinks, showers, and toilets (think sewage) and from commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities (think metals, solvents, and toxic sludge).
Ocean pollution originates on land whether along the coast or far inland. Contaminants such as chemicals, nutrients, and heavy metals are carried from farms, factories, and cities by streams and rivers into our bays and estuaries; from there they travel out to sea.
The most common types of water contamination are:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.nrdc.org/stories/water-pollution-everything-you-need-know&ved=2ahUKEwjAs6yAyabvAhWvJzQIHcyFCFkQFjAEegQIGxAF&usg=AOvVaw0rdgYo0435E7XHyY9SLcUL
Esteban Salgado

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What is water pollution?

Water pollution is the release of substances into bodies of water that makes water unsafe for human use and disrupts aquatic ecosystems. Water pollution can be caused by a plethora of different contaminants, including toxic waste, petroleum, and disease-causing microorganisms.

What human activities cause water pollution?

Human activities that generate domestic sewage and toxic waste cause water pollution by contaminating water with disease-causing microorganisms and poisonous substances. Oil spills are another source of water pollution that have devastating impacts on surrounding ecosystems.

Other Water Pollutants

Water bodies can be polluted by a wide variety of substances, including pathogenic microorganisms, putrescible organic waste, plant nutrients, toxic chemicals, sediments, heat, petroleum (oil), and radioactive substances. Several types of water pollutants are considered below. (For a discussion of the handling of sewage and other forms of waste produced by human activities, see waste disposal.)

Domestic Sewage
Toxic waste
Sediment

Thermal Pollution
Petroleum Pollution

https://www.britannica.com/science/water-pollution

Oswaldo Rueda

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Humans often carry out irresponsible activities and behaviors that cause water pollution causing a shortage of the planet's natural resources.
When water bodies are infected, they directly damage the environment, the lives of people, animals, plants, natural processes in soils and changes in food chains, which over time lead to the death of certain animals due to lack of food. .
The main activities carried out by humans that damage the sea and its landscapes are:
- Throwing garbage in inappropriate places such as on the street, green areas or at the edge of a body of water.
- Industrial waste: large factories usually deposit chemical waste in the waters that are directly connected to lakes or seas.
- Plastic pollution: this material is the main cause of pollution since a single item can take up to 400 years to degrade.
- Agriculture: the residues of fertilizers, fertilizers or chemical pesticides in these fields tend to run off to nearby bodies of water, this mainly happens when it rains, which with a greater amount of this affects the purity of the water.
Currently Ensenada faces the worst water shortage in the last 20 years since in different towns even in the same city no water arrives and if it does arrive it is contaminated water, given that the conditions of development such as the agricultural system, agriculture or livestock have decreased
https://r.search.yahoo.com/_ylt=AwrgEa_0NklgWxgAsKTD8Qt.;_ylu=Y29sbwNncTEEcG9zAzEEdnRpZAMEc2VjA3Ny/RV=2/RE=1615439732/RO=10/RU=https%3a%2f%2fwww.sandiegouniontribune.com%2fnews%2fborder-baja-california%2fsdut-ensenada-mexico-water-shortage-desalination-2014apr06-story.html/RK=2/RS=R0hNYgEF3wHy4gZuuzXR84LByhk-

https://r.search.yahoo.com/_ylt=Awr9J.wPNklgln0AVEjD8Qt.;_ylu=Y29sbwNncTEEcG9zAzQEdnRpZAMEc2VjA3Ny/RV=2/RE=1615439504/RO=10/RU=https%3a%2f%2fbyjus.com%2fchemistry%2fwater-contamination%2f/RK=2/RS=zLKpEMkLb9WyV4hceItpzRUmgKY-

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Wetlands are terrestrial areas that are temporarily or permanently flooded according to climatic factors. Due to their permanent interrelation with the living beings that inhabit them, they are highly productive. These ecosystems receive water from rainfall, groundwater or through streams and rivers. They store it, filter it, allow runoff to other surface water bodies and recharge aquifers, thus constituting a vital component of the hydrological cycle.

Currently, one of the most serious problems is the change of land use for the installation of a seawater desalination plant. The aim of this project is to divert the channel that feeds the Lagunita (Figure 6), which would modify the volumes of water and sediments that are transported during the rainy season. In a similar situation, based on the environmental effects of the urbanization of the basins of the Bíobio and Andalién rivers, Santiago de Chile, Vidal and Romero (2010) observed a greater extension and incorporation of new areas affected by risks of river flooding and flooding.

https://ugm.org.mx/publicaciones/geos/pdf/geos13-2/caracteristicas-33-2.pdf

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While spills from Tijuana’s aging, underfunded and overloaded sewage collection and treatment system have prompted protests across the border in San Diego County, nearby Tijuana beaches also suffer contamination when lines break, pumps fail, and rainstorms sweep the region.

The issue has been flaring up again, despite hundreds of millions of dollars invested to build new treatment plants in Tijuana and connect more neighborhoods. Six miles down the coast from the border fence, the city’s largest sewage treatment plant, now three decades old, failing and stretched beyond capacity, has been long overdue for replacement. Across the city, collector pipes are in danger of collapse. A dozen developments on the coastline — and others that are inland — need to be connected to the public system.
The continuing issue of cross-border contamination also lays bare the economic differences between United States and Mexico, and different systems for financing public infrastructure.
Rolando Lizarraga
https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/border-baja-california/sd-me-border-sewage-20180305-story.html

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News from Ensenada

According to the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (Semarnat), Playa Hermosa, in Ensenada, is the one with the highest rates of enterococci, higher than 263 per hundred milliliters of seawater

Due to the high rate of pollutants on the coast of Ensenada, Baja California, the municipal government of the port decided to close access to the public at Playa Conalep and Playa Hermosa.

He added that this impact was derived from wastewater spills in that area, which has been happening for years, with temporary closures on the beaches to avoid risks to the health of bathers.

Water is the basic resource to guarantee the life of all living beings on the planet. However, its scarcity and contamination cause millions of people to have poor access to this much-needed good. Although there are water treatment techniques such as purification or desalination that facilitate the use and consumption of water in areas with quality or supply problems, in the first place it is necessary to avoid its contamination.

Causes:

Human beings are the main cause of water pollution, which can be affected in many ways: with the dumping of industrial waste; because of the increase in temperatures, which cause the alteration of the water by reducing the oxygen in its composition; or due to deforestation, which causes the appearance of sediments and bacteria under the soil and the consequent contamination of the groundwater.

In the same way, the pesticides used in the agricultural fields are filtered through the underground channels and reach the consumption networks; and also, with the accidental spill of oil.

Consequences:

Some of the many of them will be the disappearance of biodiversity and aquatic ecosystems. Also, the human being is very harmed due to the alteration in the food chain and contracts diseases when drinking or using contaminated water.

Links:

https://www.sostenibilidad.com/agua/causas-consecuencias-contaminacion-agua/#:~:text=%C2%BFQu%C3%A9%20efectos%20provoca%20la%20contaminaci%C3%B3n,o%20utilizar%20el%2

https://www.milenio.com/estados/cierran-playas-en-ensenada-por-contaminacion

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Each year, approximately 760,000 children under the age of five die from diarrheal diseases, a leading cause of which is unsafe drinking water.

when diarrheal episodes are not fatal, chronic diarrhea in early childhood can contribute to malnutrition, with potential long-term consequences for child development. Governments and donors commonly fund the construction of new or improved water sources to combat the contamination of water with the fecal-oral pathogens that cause diarrhea. However, recontamination when water is transported or stored remains a problem, even if source water is uncontaminated.

This widespread problem of water pollution is jeopardizing our health. Unsafe water kills more people each year than war and all other forms of violence combined. Meanwhile, our drinkable water sources are finite: Less than 1 percent of the earth’s freshwater is actually accessible to us. Without action, the challenges will only increase by 2050, when global demand for freshwater is expected to be one-third greater than it is now.
Alejandro Moya

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Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.
Water is uniquely vulnerable to pollution. Known as a “universal solvent,” water is able to dissolve more substances than any other liquid on earth. It’s the reason we have Kool-Aid and brilliant blue waterfalls. It’s also why water is so easily polluted. Toxic substances from farms, towns, and factories readily dissolve into and mix with it, causing water pollution.
Covering about 70 percent of the earth, surface water is what fills our oceans, lakes, rivers, and all those other blue bits on the world map. Surface water from freshwater sources (that is, from sources other than the ocean) accounts for more than 60 percent of the water delivered to American homes. But a significant pool of that water is in peril. According to the most recent surveys on national water quality from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nearly half of our rivers and streams and more than one-third of our lakes are polluted and unfit for swimming, fishing, and drinking. Nutrient pollution, which includes nitrates and phosphates, is the leading type of contamination in these freshwater sources. While plants and animals need these nutrients to grow, they have become a major pollutant due to farm waste and fertilizer runoff. Municipal and industrial waste discharges contribute their fair share of toxins as well. There’s also all the random junk that industry and individuals dump directly into waterways.

When contamination originates from a single source, it’s called point source pollution. Examples include wastewater (also called effluent) discharged legally or illegally by a manufacturer, oil refinery, or wastewater treatment facility, as well as contamination from leaking septic systems, chemical and oil spills, and illegal dumping. The EPA regulates point source pollution by establishing limits on what can be discharged by a facility directly into a body of water. While point source pollution originates from a specific place, it can affect miles of waterways and ocean.
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/water-pollution-everything-you-need-know#whatis

Luis Orozco

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We all know that water is a big problem in the entire planet: oceans are not clean at all, rivers and lakes polluted, people drinking contaminated water, etc. Water is not only necessary for our body, but for all living things to keep living. The pollution of water seems endless, days pass and water keeps polluting more and more… we pollute water.

There are several pollutants that are very dangerous if entering our body or the body of any living thing in the planet. Scientists have proved that they’ve found some water bottles that we buy and drink everyday, wich is said that they’re “clean”, contained chemicals like arsenic (a very toxic element) and copper.

Actually, in Ensenada, the public beach is very contaminated. People still go swimming of surfing, but they take the risk to accidentally drink that polluted water. Water may not be lacking here where we live, but that not makes apart that water In Ensenada could be polluted too. What we need to do is to raise awarness of what we are doing to the planet we live in, governments should take responsability of cleaning oceans, rives, and lakes even if that costs lots of money. At the end if we don’t do nothing about it clean water would no longer be possible and we would probably die of thirst, sadly.
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/water-pollution-everything-you-need-know#:~:text=Harm%20to%20any%20of%20these,oxygen%20levels%20in%20the%20water.

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Water is uniquely vulnerable to pollution. Known as a “universal solvent,” water is able to dissolve more substances than any other liquid on earth. It’s the reason we have Kool-Aid and brilliant blue waterfalls. It’s also why water is so easily polluted. Toxic substances from farms, towns, and factories readily dissolve into and mix with it, causing water pollution.

Groundwater

When rain falls and seeps deep into the earth, filling the cracks, crevices, and porous spaces of an aquifer (basically an underground storehouse of water), it becomes groundwater—one of our least visible but most important natural resources.
Almost all the beaches in Ensenada suffer from great pollution, for example Playa Hermosa, which shows the great amount of pollution and although the public has been warned that they must take care of the beaches and the rivers they do not take it seriously.
Monique Cedeño

https://www.nrdc.org/stories/water-pollution-everything-you-need-know#whatis

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Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.
Categories of Water Pollution
Groundwater
Groundwater gets polluted when contaminants from pesticides and fertilizers to waste leached from landfills and septic systems make their way into an aquifer, rendering it unsafe for human use. Ridding groundwater of contaminants can be difficult to impossible, as well as costly.
Surface water
surface water is what fills our oceans, lakes, rivers, and all those other blue bits on the world map. Surface water from freshwater sources.
Ocean Water
ocean pollution originates on land whether along the coast or far inland. Contaminants such as chemicals, nutrients, and heavy metals are carried from farms, factories, and cities by streams and rivers into our bays and estuaries; from there they travel out to sea.
The most common types of water contamination are:
Agricultural, sewage and waste water: It comes from our sinks, showers, and toilets (think sewage) and from commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities (think metals, solvents, and toxic sludge).
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.nrdc.org/stories/water-pollution-everything-you-need-know&ved=2ahUKEwjAs6yAyabvAhWvJzQIHcyFCFkQFjAEegQIGxAF&usg=AOvVaw0rdgYo0435E7XHyY9SLcUL
Miguel Cota

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California’s current agricultural regulations are giving growers a pass on pollution, and Central Valley residents—and wildlife—are paying the price.

It is the responsibility of the California Water Boards to protect Californians and their watersheds from polluters, but hundreds of thousands of Central Valley residents currently lack access to safe drinking water. Notably, the burdens of unsafe water disproportionately fall on low-income communities while impairing functioning ecosystems.

Discharges from irrigated agriculture are the largest source of pollution in California’s Central Valley. Water diversions for irrigated agriculture pose significant environmental challenges by diminishing instream flows and depleting aquifers throughout the state. (https://www.impactfund.org/social-justice-blog/cali-coastkeeper?gclid=Cj0KCQiA-aGCBhCwARIsAHDl5x-NEC5PYLd0x4mr6SMcC4b4u-rRPVx9Puyho4yHv2IijpnUh3RvUvYaAtspEALw_wcB) Ahir Haros