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John Brown and his sons planned a whole evacuation mission to save the slaves but when they got there, not one slaved joined them. Why! If they had escaped with them they would have been free from the hell they lived in. Slavery would be one step closer to ending. So why did no one join them? There were actually many reasons for this, the most common one being that they didn't trust them. None of the slaves even knew the Brown's or their plans. They didn't know if the Brown's were smart and planned it all out or if they just rushed in. It was a complete 50/50 except for the fact that if if it went wrong, one choice would have a consequence while the other would not. Because of this uncertainty, it would be way to much of a risk to just go and hope for the best. Another reason was that they were mentally incapable of going against their owners. The slaves probably thought of their owners as their boss and were way too scared to disobey them. What I'm basically saying is that even if they wanted to leave with them, they mentally could not. Not only that, but going with the Brown's would be very physically dangerous as well. If the slaves had went with the Brown's and got caught, they would most likely be tortured or even killed. They were also probably thinking about their loved ones as if they had disobeyed them their owners would most likely hurt their family. This is why not one slave left with John Brown and his sons.

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Here is an article I found about the role of women in the war.

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Here is an article I found about the role of women in the war.

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From reading this article I found out that although women weren't allowed to fight in the war, they still helped in many other ways. Since many of their husbands were out serving in the war, they had to take on the family jobs by themselves, These jobs include running businesses and the farms, as well as working in factories and in government positions. Women also raised money for the war by organizing raffles and fairs to use the money to help pay for war supplies. They sewed uniforms, provided blankets, mended shoes, washed clothes, and cooked for the soldiers. Some women even took on the professional job of being a war nurse. War nurses were probably the most important role women played during the war. They provided medical care for sick and wounded soldiers saving many lives in the process. Some women even put their lives on the line to become spies or even a soldier by dressing as men. At first I was thinking why would anyone want to do that just to fight in a war where you can get killed but then it started reminding me of the movie Mulan and I realized everyone must have had to their own different reasons o do what they did.

Read more at: https://www.ducksters.com/history/civil_war/women_in_the_civil_war.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

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Kids learn about women’s roles during the Civil War including life at home, caring for soldiers, nurses, spies, soldiers, famous women, and interesting facts.

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How did Ambulance Wagons  Help in The Civil War?

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How did Ambulance Wagons  Help in The Civil War?

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When you got hurt on the battlefield during wars you had to sort of just lay there and hope for the best. Many people got shot and injured during The Civil War but how did so many live? The answer is ambulance wagons. The only chance you had of surviving was if an ambulance wagon came by. Ambulance wagons were large wooden almost carriages that got pulled by horses. They also had a movable back ramp that could be lowered or lifted. The wagons were in charge of carrying medical supplies to heal soldiers and sometimes whiskey to numb the pain.

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Here is my google slide about  the Dred Scott!

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Here is my google slide about  the Dred Scott!

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When John Brown went to free the slaves he had a small army of 21 people with him. Who were they? Two of the 21 were two of John's 6 sons, Owen and Watson. The rest consisted of 5 freed enslaved men as well as people who believed in what John was doing. The group received military training in advance of the raid from experts within the abolitionist movement. They chose to raid the Harper's Ferry because of its arsenal and its location as a convenient gateway to the South. Brown and his band of 16 whites and 5 blacks seized the armory on the night of October 16. The entire countryside was quickly alerted, and combined state and federal troops overwhelmed the raiders in two days. Nearly every member of their mini army was either captured or killed. Brown was then hanged on December 2nd.

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Here are some art pieces I found on Manifest Destiny and what I think they mean...
1. I think painting one represents all the different types of Americans who traveled west determined to gain new land as well as a better destiny.
2. I predict painting two represents when the Americans came to the Native American's homes and forced them out taking their land.
3. I believe painting three represents The Mexican American War. The reason I think this is because of the uniforms as well as the american and Mexican flags.
(It's only letting me put 1 picture on each padlet so I put each picture on a different one!)

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Painting 1.

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If I were alive back then would I have gotten in a reform movement?

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If I were alive back then would I have gotten in a reform movement?

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As much as I hate to say it I probably wouldn't have for two reasons. The first reason is that I usually don't get involved with things that don't involve me. The second reason being I wouldn't want to risk any harm to me or my family. They are so much stronger then me so I would have been stupid to rebel against them unless a large majority of people were rioting and if I felt very passionate about the topic. In specific though if were to pick one reform I would probably choose the slave rebellion. The reason why is because although public schools, women rights, and prison conditions were all very important problems that needed to be fixed, they weren't that urgent. Meanwhile every singe day slaves were being tortured and overworked miserably with nothing they could do about it. I believe it would have been much more important to fix that first.

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Painting 2.

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Child labor was a huge issue back in the day. People would both force and hire kids of all ages to work at different factories and building because it was much cheaper than hiring and paying adults. Unguarded machinery was a major problem for children working in factories. A hospital reported that every year it treated around a thousand people for wounds and mutilations caused by machines in factories. Children's hands and arms would get caught in the machinery. Many times the muscles, and the skin is stripped down to the bone or sometimes a finger or two is lost. The sadness and cruelness of child labor really interested me and I wanted to learn about some of the incidents that occurred so I researched and read the story of Mary Richards, a young girl that worked in a factory. I can't add a link to this one for some reason so here is the story
"A girl named Mary Richards, who was thought remarkably handsome when she left the workhouse, and, who was not quite ten years of age, attended a drawing frame, below which, and about a foot from the floor, was a horizontal shaft, by which the frames above were turned. It happened one evening, when her apron was caught by the shaft. In an instant the poor girl was drawn by an irresistible force and dashed on the floor. She uttered the most heart-rending shrieks! Blincoe ran towards her, an agonized and helpless beholder of a scene of horror. He saw her whirled round and round with the shaft - he heard the bones of her arms, legs, thighs, etc. successively snap asunder, crushed, seemingly, to atoms, as the machinery whirled her round, and drew tighter and tighter her body within the works, her blood was scattered over the frame and streamed upon the floor, her head appeared dashed to pieces - at last, her mangled body was jammed in so fast, between the shafts and the floor, that the water being low and the wheels off the gear, it stopped the main shaft. When she was extricated, every bone was found broken - her head dreadfully crushed. She was carried off quite lifeless."

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Painting 3.

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Here is an article I read about the Siege of Béxar, the first battle of the Alamo. (Bonus 7th padlet)

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The siege of Bexar (San Antonio) became the first major campaign of the Texas Revolution. From October until early December 1835 an army of Texan volunteers laid siege to a Mexican army in San Antonio de Béxar. After a Texas force drove off Mexican troops at Gonzales on October 2, the Texan army grew to 300 men and elected Stephen F. Austin commander to bring unity out of discord. The Texans advanced on October 12 toward San Antonio, where Gen. Martín Perfecto de Cos recently had concentrated Mexican forces numbering 650 men. Cos fortified the town plazas west of the San Antonio River and the Alamo, a former mission east of the stream.

By the time the Texans camped along Salado Creek east of San Antonio in mid-October their numbers had grown to over 400 men, including James Bowie and Juan N. Seguín, who brought with him a company of Mexican Texans. Bowie and James W. Fannin, Jr., led an advance to the missions below San Antonio in late October, while Cos brought in 100 reinforcement men. On October 25 the democratic Texans conducted a debate over strategy. Sam Houston, who had come from the Consultation government, urged delay for training and for cannons to bombard the fortifications. Austin and others won support to continue efforts at capturing San Antonio.

From San Francisco de la Espada Mission on October 27, Austin sent Bowie and Fannin forward to Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Acuña Mission with ninety men to locate a position nearer the town for the army. There on the foggy morning of the twenty-eighth Cos sent Col. Domingo de Ugartechea with 275 men to attack the advance force. The Texans drove off the assault from a position along the bank of the San Antonio River, inflicting over fifty casualties and capturing one cannon. Austin arrived after the battle of Concepción to urge an attack on San Antonio but found little support among his officers.

Cos then resumed defensive positions in San Antonio and the Alamo, while the Texans established camps on the river above and below the town and grew to an army of 600 with reinforcements from East Texas led by Thomas J. Rusk. After discussion among the Texan officers produced little support for an attack, some volunteers went home for winter clothes and equipment. Yet the arrival of more East Texans in early November offset the departures.

Texas and Mexican cavalry skirmished from time to time as the Texans scouted to capture Mexican supplies and to warn of any reinforcements for Cos. After a lack of early success, William Barret Travis led the capture of 300 Mexican mules and horses grazing beyond the Medina River on November 8. Four days later Ugartechea left San Antonio with a small cavalry force to direct the march of reinforcements from below the Rio Grande. Austin sent cavalry to intercept him, but the Mexican troops evaded them. Both armies suffered morale problems as a result of colder weather and limited supplies.

When three companies with over a hundred men arrived from the United States in mid-November, Austin again planned an attack. Officers still expressed doubts, however, and it was called off. Austin then left to assume diplomatic duties in the United States. The Texas troops selected Edward Burleson as their new leader.

When Erastus (Deaf) Smith reported approaching Mexican cavalry on November 26, Burleson ordered out troops to cut them off. Skirmishing followed near Alazán Creek west of town, with attack and counterattack by both sides. Finally the Mexican troops withdrew into San Antonio. The engagement became known as the Grass Fight because captured Mexican supply animals carried fodder for horses rather than the rumored pay for Mexican soldiers.

Because of limited supplies and approaching winter, Burleson considered withdrawing to Goliad at the beginning of December. Information on Mexican defenses from Texans who were allowed to leave San Antonio led to new attack plans. But fears that the Mexican army had learned of the assault brought a near breakup of the Texan army. When a Mexican officer surrendered with news of declining Mexican morale, Benjamin R. Milam and William Gordon Cooke gathered more than 300 volunteers to attack the town, while Burleson and another 400 men scouted, protected the camp and supplies, and forced Cos to keep his 570 men divided between the town and the Alamo.

James C. Neill distracted the Mexican forces with artillery fire on the Alamo before dawn on December 5, while Milam and Francis W. Johnson led two divisions in a surprise attack that seized the Veramendi and Garza houses north of the plaza in San Antonio. Mexican cannon and musket fire kept the Texans from advancing farther during the day and silenced one of their cannons.

That night and the next day the Texans destroyed some buildings close to them and dug trenches to connect the houses they occupied. On the seventh the Texans captured another nearby house, but Milam died from a sharpshooter's bullet. Johnson then directed another night attack that seized the Navarro house. On December 8 Ugartechea returned with over 600 reinforcements, but only 170 were experienced soldiers. Untrained conscripts formed the other 450 men, who brought with them few supplies. Burleson sent 100 men into town to join the Texan force that captured the buildings of Zambrano Row in hand-to-hand fighting. Cos ordered his cavalry to threaten the Texan camp, but they found it well defended. That night Cooke with two companies seized the priest's house on the main plaza, but they seemed cut off from the Texas army.

When Cos sought to concentrate his troops at the Alamo, four companies of his cavalry rode away rather than continue the struggle. Cos then asked for surrender terms on the morning of December 9. Burleson accepted the surrender of most Mexican equipment and weapons, but allowed Cos and his men to retire southward because neither army had supplies to sustain a large group of prisoners.

Texas casualties numbered thirty to thirty-five, while Mexican losses, primarily in the Morelos Infantry Battalion, which defended San Antonio, totaled about 150; the difference reflected the greater accuracy of the Texans' rifles. Most of the Texas volunteers went home after the battle, but Texas troops remained in town, which, with Cos's withdrawal, left San Antonio and all of Texas under the Texans' control.

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The siege of Bexar (San Antonio) became the first major campaign of the Texas Revolution. From October until early December 1835 an army of Texan volunteers laid siege to a Mexican army in San Antonio de Béxar. After a Texas force drove off Mexican troops at Gonzales on October 2, the Texan army grew to 300 men and elected Stephen F.

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Here is a short funny video I found about the history of the Alamo. In the video I learned that there was actually two battles for the Alamo that took place in which the fist one, Texas actually won. This interested me a lot so i'll probably read more articles and stories about it. In the video they also show the spot where they predict Davy Crockett died as well as the line that William B. Travis drew. Anyways enjoy the video!

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Tour of The Alamo: A True Texas Icon in San Antonio, TX

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How do Inventions Make Life Easier and Worse?

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How do Inventions Make Life Easier and Worse?

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Inventions make life easier because they allow us to do every day tasks and our jobs much faster. Inventions also help us make money, entertain us, and make communicating easier. For example with the invention of blender, cafe workers didn't have to make smoothies by hand anymore making the process go much faster. This allowed them to make many more drinks in a shorter time giving them lots of money. However, Inventions also make our lives harder. One way inventions make life worse is because they start a rivalry for money between people of the same profession. Like for example whenever there's someone who invents something and then someone else makes a better version of it, the improved invention's creator is going to make more money and get all the recolonization even though the original creator is the one who actually came up with the idea. This can start protests, grudges, and unhealthy competition. Here is a short two minute video I found about how inventions change our lives.

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Many different types of people went West. For example, explorers. Explorers are people who traveled there for the adventure and to discover new things. Whole families moved there too to find themselves a better life. Californios moved west to spread Christianity to the Native Americans and because they wanted land to settle in. Mountain men moved in search of new opportunities. Missionaries often went to convert American Indians and other indigenous religions to Christianity. Women journeyed west to prove that women were capable of making the journey. The Mormons left seeking religious and political freedom and to escape religious discrimination. 49ers only came to find gold while Chinese immigrants traveled to escape the economic chaos in China. As you can see many people traveled west for many different reasons.

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Why Did People Risk Their Lives to Head West?

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Why Did People Risk Their Lives to Head West?

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Traveling West was a very dangerous expedition back then and many people died. They lived outdoors in all kids of weather and sickness, hunger, and thirst were common for them. So then why did so many people go? The main reason people went was for money. Discovering new land, plants, items and new creatures got awarded a large amount of money back then and still does. The reason being, finding new land means more space, new animals present a new food source, and new herbs and plants could also lead to a another food source or possibly a new medicine. They got money for all of this allowing them to live a comfortable life. Another reason was fame and respect. Since they had risked their lives to find more space and food for everyone, many people respected them and they became famous as pioneers. Some people also left to find more fertile land to farm on. Others traveled just for the adventure an fun of it. Some women even embarked on the horrible journey just for equality and to prove themselves. This is why so many people headed West knowing the dangers.