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Palmer Raids, raids conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice in 1919 and 1920 in an attempt to arrest foreign anarchists, communists, and radical leftists.

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promotion of a widespread fear of a potential rise of communism or anarchism by a society or state.

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United States, Great Britain, France, and Italy made all the major decisions of the Paris Peace Conference, although they disagreed on several points.

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the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers.

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the first worldwide intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. Founded on 10 January 1920 following the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War, it ceased operations on 20 April 1946.

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Wilson signed into law on May 18, 1917. The act required all men in the U.S. between the ages of 21 and 30 to register for military service.

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legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on March 3, 1919, that the freedom of speech protection afforded in the U.S. The Constitution's First Amendment could be restricted if the words spoken or printed represented to society a “clear and present danger.”

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permitting the deportation, fine, or imprisonment of anyone deemed a threat or publishing “false, scandalous, or malicious writing” against the government of the United States.

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prohibited obtaining information, recording pictures, or copying descriptions of any information relating to the national defense with intent or reason to believe that the information may be used for the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation.

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Creel became the mastermind behind the U.S. government's propaganda campaign in the Great War. For two years, he rallied the American public to the cause of war and sold the globe a vision of America and President Wilson's plans for a world order.

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a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico if the United States entered World War I against Germany. Mexico would recover Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico.

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A lifelong pacifist, she was one of 50 House members who opposed the declaration of war on Germany in 1917. In 1941, she was the only member of Congress to vote against the declaration of war on Japan following the attack on Pearl Harbor.

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Woodrow Wilson gave a speech that was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I.

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were a group of nations fighting against the Allied Powers during World War I. The members included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria and their territories.

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the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War. The Allies promoted the alliance as a means to defeat German, Japanese and Italian aggression. Great Britain, The United States, China, and the Soviet Union.

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The ship was sunk and the death of so many innocent civilians at the hands of the Germans galvanized American support for entering the war, which eventually turned the tide in favor of the Allies.

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Pershing GCB was a senior United States Army officer.

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a Mexican revolutionary and guerrilla leader who fought against the regimes of both Porfirio Díaz and Victoriano Huerta. After 1914 he engaged in civil war and banditry. He became notorious in the United States for his attack on Columbus, New Mexico, in 1916.

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the use of a country's financial power to extend its international influence.

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the system in which support is given only to countries whose beliefs are analogous to that of the nation.

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policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

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an informal agreement between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan whereby the United States would not impose restrictions on Japanese immigration and Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States.

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One of Roosevelt's foreign policies stating in cases of flagrant and chronic wrongdoing by a Latin American country, the United States could intervene in that country's internal affairs.

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passage between the east coast and the west coast of the United States. After helping Panama gain its independence from Columbia in 1903, the United States purchased a 10 mile wide strip of land through which the Panama Canal was built.

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President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy: "speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far."

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an armed and violent xenophobic, anti-Christian, and anti-imperialist insurrection in China.

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It placed a condition on the United States military's presence in Cuba. According to the clause, the U.S. could not annex Cuba but only leave "control of the island to its people." In short, the U.S. would help Cuba gain independence and then withdraw all its troops from the country.

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It called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity.

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a United States Navy ship that sank in Havana Harbor in February 1898, contributing to the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in April.

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Hay was responsible for negotiating the Open Door Policy, which kept China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis, with international powers.

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A letter that was stolen by a Cuban rebel sympathizer from the Havana mail system and returned to New York. The publication of the letter uncovered the false promise of Spain's foreign policy.

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An amendment to the U.S. Army appropriations bill specifying several conditions for the American military evacuation of Cuba.

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War between the United States and Spain in 1898.

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Queen of the Hawaiian islands (1838-1917).

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Exaggerated and almost never true writing to grasp attention.

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Volunteer cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War.

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Over the top patriotism. People who have an extreme dislike for anyone not from their own country.

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Alfred T. Mahan;The Influence of Sea Power Upon History

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Alfred T. Mahan;The Influence of Sea Power Upon History

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Mahan was president of the US’s naval war college and he wrote the book about the importance of naval power as a factor in the rise of the British Empire.