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is a network hardware system that connects multiple Ethernet devices and allows them to function as a single network segment.

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When a hub receives a data packet (an Ethernet frame) from a network device at one of its ports, it transmits (repeats) the packet to all of its ports to all of the other network devices. All data obtained from one port is sent to all other ports, which is how hubs work.

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1. Network Hub
2. USB Hub

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1.The ability to connect. The main purpose of a hub is to enable clients to connect to a network in order to share and converse.
2.The ability to perform. Hubs are noted for having a low number of network efficiency impacts.

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In networking, hubs are at a disadvantage to switches because they are unable to distinguish between the devices on the network.

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A network switch is networking hardware that uses packet switching to link computers on a computer network. It receives and forwards data to the destination device.

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Switches allow devices on a network to communicate with one another. Routers enable multiple networks to communicate with one another.

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1. Unmanaged Switch
2. Managed Switch

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1. In comparison to network lengths, they are more expensive.
2. Need for Proper Planning.

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Increases Flexibility – They increase the organization's available data transfer capacity.

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A router is a networking system that sends data packets from one computer network to another. On the Internet, routers are in charge of traffic steering. Data packets are used to send data over the internet, such as a web page or an email.

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A wireless router uses a cable to link to a modem.

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1. Wireless Router
2. Virtual Router

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It connects various network architectures such as ethernet and token ring, among others.

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In comparison to other network equipment, they are pricey.