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Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, which spreads through skin-to-skin contact or contact with bodily fluids. It can also be spread through the air.

In 430 B.C., smallpox killed more than 30,000 people in Athens, Greece, reducing the city's population by at least 20%.

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Deadly diseases: epidemics throughout history

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Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, which spreads through skin-to-skin contact or contact with bodily fluids. It can also be spread through the air. In 430 B.C., smallpox killed more than 30,000 people in Athens, Greece, reducing the city's population by at least 20%.

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Our population is expected to grow to over 9 billion by 2050, yet the ability of our environment to provide space, food, and energy are limited. Explore population growth from 1 CE to 2050, see how our numbers impact the environment, and learn about the key advances and events allowing our numbers to grow.

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The Habitable Planet Unit 5 - Human Population Dynamics // Online Textbook

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This unit discusses basic population dynamics, including birth and death rates and factors that influence demographic change. It then summarizes the history of world population growth and projections through mid-century, with a focus on rising urbanization and the aging of the global population.

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MapMaker is National Geographic's free, easy-to-use, accessible, interactive, classroom mapping tool designed to amplify student engagement, critical thinking, and curiosity to tell stories about the interconnections of our world.

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1) Explain what agonistic behavior is.
2) Why is altruistic behavior difficult to study and prove?
3) Work on definitions for population geography vocabulary.

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Thursday 1/18/18 Journal Prompts (two parts this time!)

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Thursday 1/18/18 Journal Prompts (two parts this time!)

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Part 1: What was the best or easiest part of the biome project for you?  What was the most difficult part?  What would make a project more fun and easy to understand next time we do one?

Part 2:Explain what the two major categories of behavior are. What are some examples within each category?

Some cool animal clips showing lots of different behaviors:

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On Nat Geo Wild, Sunday nights has something for everyone in the family, offering an adventure of a lifetime every week!

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Tuesday 12/19/17   Journal Prompts **i am going to want to see this one!  We can use it as a warm up next time we meet and discuss what you thought of and add to it if there are things missing.

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Tuesday 12/19/17   Journal Prompts **i am going to want to see this one!  We can use it as a warm up next time we meet and discuss what you thought of and add to it if there are things missing.

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Think about all the body systems we have discussed and learned about. Explain how different systems relate to eachother and/or work together. It might be helpful to do this as a concept map or web diagram. You could also use images to help. Be as creative as you want!!

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What new ideas or information did you learn today (bullet points)? Is there anything that confused you that you want to go over again or talk more about next time? What are the the three types of muscle and where can they be found in the body? How are they different from each other? Why does the body need three types?  Check out these cool animations of moving muscles:

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Controlling Motion with the Surface Dial

Motion can also be controlled using the Surface Dial. When viewing an articulation, push the Dial to bring up the menu. Rotate to the right and press to select Motion. Rotate the Dial to control the motion with precision as you view it.

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Controlling Motion with the Surface Dial Motion can also be controlled using the Surface Dial. When viewing an articulation, push the Dial to bring up the menu. Rotate to the right and press to select Motion. Rotate the Dial to control the motion with precision as you view it.

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What new ideas or information did you learn today (bullet points)? Is there anything that confused you that you want to go over again or talk more about next time? Give examples of parts of the digestive system of mammals that are different from other vertebrates and explain their roles in digestion. Do any of the structures still exist in mammals and how does this show evolutionary relationships?

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Look at the diagram of the digestive systems of different animals.  What is similar and what is different about them?  Find a diagram of the human body digestive system. How is it similar and different from the others? Do some quick research on the organs listed that you do not know much about; what are their functions/purpose?

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What new ideas or information did you learn today (bullet points)? Is there anything that confused you that you want to go over again or talk more about next time? Explain the progression in complexity and differences between the circulatory and respiratory systems in the different vertebrate groups we discussed (mammals/birds, fish, amphibian, reptile).

Below is a link to a cool animation showing the heart working.  They use a lot of detail in the narration, but the visuals are cool to see.

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What new ideas or information did you learn today (bullet points)? Is there anything that confused you that you want to go over again or talk more about next time? What is one of the main reasons vertebrate organ systems are not all exactly the same - why is there so much variation in their characteristics?  Explore the website below - some cool interactive anatomy and physiology stuff!!

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Anatomy and Physiology | HHMI BioInteractive

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Use these resources to teach topics in anatomy and physiology, ranging from the circulatory system to evolutionary comparative biology.

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11/9/17  Journal Prompts:     1)  List the new ideas and information you encountered in our session today.                2)  How does the structure of DNA and how it is passed from generation to generation create variation within a species?                                     3)  Is there anything that was confusing or that you want to go over again to clarify next time?

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11/9/17  Journal Prompts:     1)  List the new ideas and information you encountered in our session today.                2)  How does the structure of DNA and how it is passed from generation to generation create variation within a species?                                     3)  Is there anything that was confusing or that you want to go over again to clarify next time?

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Article to read on intelligence and genetics:

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For over a century, psychologists have studied intelligence by asking people questions. Their exams have evolved into batteries of tests, each probing a different mental ability, such as verbal reasoning or memorization.

In a typical test, the tasks might include imagining an object rotating, picking out a shape to complete a figure, and then pressing a button as fast as possible whenever a particular type of word appears.

Each test-taker may get varying scores for different abilities. But over all, these scores tend to hang together - people who score low on one measure tend to score low on the others, and vice versa. Psychologists sometimes refer to this similarity as general intelligence.

It's still not clear what in the brain accounts for intelligence. Neuroscientists have compared the brains of people with high and low test scores for clues, and they've found a few.

Brain size explains a small part of the variation, for example, although there are plenty of people with small brains who score higher than others with bigger brains.

Other studies hint that intelligence has something to do with how efficiently a brain can send signals from one region to another.

Danielle Posthuma, a geneticist at Vrije University Amsterdam and senior author of the new paper, first became interested in the study of intelligence in the 1990s. "I've always been intrigued by how it works," she said. "Is it a matter of connections in the brain, or neurotransmitters that aren't sufficient?"

Dr. Posthuma wanted to find the genes that influence intelligence. She started by studying identical twins who share the same DNA. Identical twins tended to have more similar intelligence test scores than fraternal twins, she and her colleagues found.

Hundreds of other studies have come to the same conclusion, showing a clear genetic influence on intelligence. But that doesn't mean that intelligence is determined by genes alone.

Our environment exerts its own effects, only some of which scientists understand well. Lead in drinking water, for instance, can drag down test scores. In places where food doesn't contain iodine, giving supplements to children can raise scores.

Advances in DNA sequencing technology raised the possibility that researchers could find individual genes underlying differences in intelligence test scores. Some candidates were identified in small populations, but their effects did not reappear in studies on larger groups.

So scientists turned to what's now called the genome-wide association study: They sequence bits of genetic material scattered across the DNA of many unrelated people, then look to see whether people who share a particular condition - say, a high intelligence test score - also share the same genetic marker.

In 2014, Dr. Posthuma was part of a large-scale study of over 150,000 people that revealed 108 genes linked to schizophrenia. But she and her colleagues had less luck with intelligence, which has proved a hard nut to crack for a few reasons.

Standard intelligence tests can take a long time to complete, making it hard to gather results on huge numbers of people. Scientists can try combining smaller studies, but they often have to merge different tests together, potentially masking the effects of genes.

As a result, the first generation of genome-wide association studies on intelligence failed to find any genes. Later studies managed to turn up promising results, but when researchers turned to other groups of people, the effect of the genes again disappeared.

But in the past couple of years, larger studies relying on new statistical methods finally have produced compelling evidence that particular genes really are involved in shaping human intelligence.

"There's a huge amount of real innovation going on," said Stuart J. Ritchie, a geneticist at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the new study.

Dr. Posthuma and other experts decided to merge data from 13 earlier studies, forming a vast database of genetic markers and intelligence test scores. After so many years of frustration, Dr. Posthuma was pessimistic it would work.

"I thought, 'Of course we're not going to find anything,'" she said.

She was wrong. To her surprise, 52 genes emerged with firm links to intelligence. A dozen had turned up in earlier studies, but 40 were entirely new.

But all of these genes together account for just a small percentage of the variation in intelligence test scores, the researchers found; each variant raises or lowers I.Q. by only a small fraction of a point.

"It means there's a long way to go, and there are going to be a lot of other genes that are going to be important," Dr. Posthuma said.

Christopher F. Chabris, a co-author of the new study at Geisinger Health System in Danville, Pa., was optimistic that many of those missing genes would come to light, thanks to even larger studies involving hundreds of thousands, perhaps millions, of people.

"It's just like astronomy getting better with bigger telescopes," he said.

In the new study, Dr. Posthuma and her colleagues limited their research to people of European descent because that raised the odds of finding common genetic variants linked to intelligence.

But other gene studies have shown that variants in one population can fail to predict what people are like in other populations. Different variants turn out to be important in different groups, and this may well be the case with intelligence.

"If you try to predict height using the genes we've identified in Europeans in Africans, you'd predict all Africans are five inches shorter than Europeans, which isn't true," Dr. Posthuma said.

Studies like the one published today don't mean that intelligence is fixed by our genes, experts noted. "If we understand the biology of something, that doesn't mean we're putting it down to determinism," Dr. Ritchie said.

As an analogy, he noted that nearsightedness is strongly influenced by genes. But we can change the environment - in the form of eyeglasses - to improve people's eyesight.

Dr. Harden predicted that an emerging understanding of the genetics of intelligence would make it possible to find better ways to help children develop intellectually. Knowing people's genetic variations would help scientists measure how effective different strategies are.

Still, Dr. Harden said, we don't have to wait for such studies to change people's environments for the better. "We know that lead harms children's intellectual abilities," she said. "There's low-hanging policy fruit here."

For her part, Dr. Posthuma wants to make sense of the 52 genes she and her colleagues discovered. There are intriguing overlaps between their influence on intelligence and on other traits.

The genetic variants that raise intelligence also tend to pop up more frequently in people who have never smoked. Some of them also are found more often in people who take up smoking but quit successfully.

As for what the genes actually do, Dr. Posthuma can't say. Four of them are known to control the development of cells, for example, and three do an assortment of things inside neurons.

To understand what makes these genes special, scientists may need to run experiments on brain cells. One possibility would be to take cells from people with variants that predict high and low intelligence.

She and her colleagues might coax them to develop into neurons, which could then grow into "mini-brains" - clusters of neurons that exchange signals in the laboratory. Researchers could then see if their genetic differences made them behave differently.

"We can't do it overnight," Dr. Posthuma said, "but it's something I hope to be able to do in the future."

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intelligence and intelligence tests (iq)

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In 'Enormous Success,' Scientists Tie 52 Genes to Human Intelligence

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For over a century, psychologists have studied intelligence by asking people questions. Their exams have evolved into batteries of tests, each probing a different mental ability, such as verbal reasoning or memorization. In a typical test, the tasks might include imagining an object rotating, picking out a shape to complete a figure, and then pressing a button as fast as possible whenever a particular type of word appears.

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The funniest thing I've ever said to any botanist was, "What is a species?" Well, it certainly got the most spontaneous laugh. I don't think Barbara Ertter, who doesn't remember the long-ago moment, was being mean. Her laugh was more of a "where do I even start" response to an almost impossible question.

At first glance, "species" is a basic vocabulary word schoolchildren can ace on a test by reciting something close to: a group of living things that create fertile offspring when mating with each other but not when mating with outsiders. Ask scientists who devote careers to designating those species, however, and there's no typical answer. Scientists do not agree.

"You may be stirring up a hornet's nest," warns evolutionary zoologist Frank E. Zachos of Austria's Natural History Museum Vienna when I ask my "what is a species" question. "People sometimes react very emotionally when it comes to species concepts." He should know, having cataloged 32 of them in his 2016 overview, Species Concepts in Biology.

The widespread schoolroom definition above, known as the biological species concept, is No. 2 in his catalog, which he tactfully arranges in alphabetical order. This single concept has been so pervasive that whenever Science News publishes something about species interbreeding, readers want to know if we have lost our grip on logic. Separate species, by definition, can do no such thing.

As concerned readers question our reports of hybrid species, a vast debate among specialists over how to define and identify species rolls on. The biological species concept has drawbacks, to put it gently, for coping with much of the variety and oddness of life. Alternative concepts have pros and cons, too. As specialists argue over the fine details of species concepts, I'm struck by how often the word "fuzzy" comes up.

Also striking is how at least some of the people who actually appraise species for a living have made peace with the perpetual tumult over defining just what it is they get up in the morning to study. The ambiguities seemed less jarring to me after a September conversation with the Smithsonian's Kevin de Queiroz, deep in the maze of doors and corridors behind the scenes at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. As a systematic biologist, he studies the evolutionary histories of reptiles, and designates species, which explains a door we passed marked "Alcohol Room." Fire regulations require special handling for jars of animal specimens preserved in alcohol. In the cacophony of species concepts, de Queiroz sees some commonality.

Ertter, affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley and the College of Idaho in Caldwell, embraces the ambiguity. "Why do we expect that nature is nice and neat and clean? Because it's more convenient for us," she says. "It's up to us to figure it out, not to demand that it's one way or another."
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Problems with the old standard

The biological species concept has an intuitive appeal. Elephants don't mate with oak trees to produce really big acorns. Horses can mate with donkeys, but the resulting mules are infertile. The most famous form of this species definition may be from evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr, who wrote in 1942: "Species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations, which are reproductively isolated from other such groups." Famous, yes, but limited.

Modern genetics has revealed that much of the diversity of life on Earth is found in single-celled organisms that reproduce asexually by splitting in two - thus flummoxing the definition. Of course the single-celled hordes still form ... somethings. There isn't just one vast smear of microbial life where all shapes, sizes, body features and chemistry can be found in any old mix. There are clusters with shared traits, some of which cause human and agricultural diseases and some of which photosynthesize in the ocean, producing as much as 70 percent of the oxygen that we and other living things breathe. Humans need to understand the history of microbes and have names to talk about these influential organisms.

Rather than deciding that these microbes are just not species, which is one popular view, microbiome researcher Seth Bordenstein suggests "just twisting the biological species concept ever so slightly." Genes don't shuffle around via sex, but there's still kidnapping of genes from other asexuals. This process might count as something like interbreeding, says Bordenstein, of Vanderbilt University in Nashville. With that interpretation, the biological species concept "could apply to microbes." Sort of.

But one-celled microbes aren't the only asexuals. Even vertebrates have their no-sex scandals. New Mexico whiptail lizards are a species: Aspidoscelis neomexicanus. Yet females lay eggs with no male fertilization; males don't exist.

And plant reproduction, oy. The blends of sex and no-sex don't fit into a tidy biological species concept. Consider a new variety of a western North American species that Ertter and botanist Alexa DiNicola of the University of Wisconsin-Madison named this year. Potentilla versicolor var. darrachii belongs to a genus that's closely related to strawberries. Plants in the genus open little five-petaled flowers and readily form classic seeds that mix genes from pollen and ovule. On occasion, though, the genes in the seed's embryo are only mom's. "They basically use seeds as a form of cloning," Ertter says. The male pollen in these cases merely jump-starts formation of the seed's food supply.

That's just one reason Potentilla is "one of the messiest genera you can imagine," Ertter says. She and DiNicola hauled collectors' gear on a backpacking trip in Oregon to sample some of the plants. The team found signs that one species was hybridizing readily with another; the species were so different that even a nonbotanist could tell them apart (leaves shaped like a feather versus an open fan). Sharing genes across species is evidently common in this genus and not at all rare among plants.

Such shenanigans have led Ertter to what she calls the "fuzzy species concept." After looking at all the kinds of evidence she might muster for a plant, from its genes and distribution to the details of petals, leaf hairs and other parts, she sides with the preponderance of data to designate a species.

Concept zoo

There can be a lot of messiness in picking out the limits of species, but that's OK with philosopher Matt Haber of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City. He organized three conferences this year on the complications of determining what's a species when fire hoses of genetic information spew signs of unexpected gene mixing and tell different stories depending on the genes tracked.

"Just because boundaries are fuzzy," Haber says, "doesn't mean they aren't actually boundaries." We may not be used to thinking about species distinctions this way, but other familiar distinctions have similar "gradient boundaries," as he calls them. "Cold and hot weather," he says. We recognize winter weather as different from summer even though fall and spring have neither a sharp switch point nor a smooth slide. Species, too, could have zones of erratic mixing but still overall be defined as species.

There are a whole lot of species concepts, says Richard Richards, a philosopher of biology at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa. "We use different rules for different kinds of organisms," he says. "For vertebrates, the interbreeding rule is useful. Not so for the many kinds of nonsexually reproducing organisms out there."

What's called the agamospecies concept applies to asexual organisms and cobbles together genetic or other observable similarities. The ecological species concept emphasizes adaptations to particular environmental zones. The nothospecies concept applies to plants arising when parent species hybridize. And so on. That's not even counting "the cynical species concept," which Zachos has heard defining a species as "whatever a taxonomist says it is."

Land and money

Species definitions can have ramifications, financial and otherwise, for the wider world. Choosing one species concept over another can change how a creature gets classified, which could determine whether conservation laws protect it. The coastal California gnatcatcher's status as a distinct subspecies makes it eligible for federal protection to keep the bird's shrub-land as habitat rather than a real estate development. Critics have argued, however, that the bird isn't distinct enough from its relatives to merit special protection.

Mammal specialists are switching over to what's called a phylogenetic concept, Zachos says. The phylogenetic concept allows populations to upgrade to full species status if they share an ancestor and have some unique trait, such as a particular gene. Among the complex consequences of following this concept is possible "taxonomic inflation," he warns. A 2011 rethink of the ungulate group of sheep, goats, antelope and more ballooned the species count from 143 to 279, for instance. In biology as in economics, "inflation causes devaluation," Zachos says. "People get bored. If one of the tiger species goes extinct, they say, 'So what? There are five more.' "

As individual taxonomists choose their pet concepts, " 'species' are often created or dismissed arbitrarily," argued two researchers from Australia in the June 1 Nature. The duo warned of potential "anarchy" and went as far as calling for an international organization to reduce the chaos.

"A long list of silly examples of complications caused by poor taxonomic governance" pushed conservation biologist Stephen Garnett of Charles Darwin University in Darwin to cowrite the piece. Standardizing species concepts across broad groups, mammals and reptiles, for instance, would reduce the chaos, says coauthor Leslie Christidis, a taxonomist at Southern Cross University in Coffs Harbour. The notion of standard-setting in determining species has stirred a bit of agreement and a lot of dissent. "We united the taxonomic community - unfortunately against us," he says.

The furor illustrates the diversity of ways that people are sorting out what a species is among life's various organisms. Historian and philosopher of biology John S. Wilkins of the University of Melbourne in Australia was almost kidding when he wrote that there are "n+1 definitions of 'species' in a room of n biologists."
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A rough idea

Species concept

A species is ...

Morphological

the smallest group with a persistent difference in form

Ecological

a lineage with its own distinct ecological niche

Genetic

a group of natural interbreeders genetically separated from other groups

Bioeconomic

a unit in the natural economy that competes reproductively with other units

The commons

Thinking about the seemingly intractable ambiguities of the species concepts got a lot easier for me after my visit with de Queiroz. His office was the opposite of the Hollywood biologist's jumble of dessicated specimens, dangling skeletons and tottering towers of books. The long room was mostly filled with rows of librarian-tidy metal bookcases hiding a desk cave at the far end. When I asked him what a species is, he didn't laugh. He explained that there's more agreement than the swarm of species concepts might suggest.

The concepts have in common their references to organisms in a population lineage, or line of descent. As evolutionary time passes, a lineage moves away and its various connected populations grow separate from others of the same ancestry. The concepts share the basic idea that a species is a "separately evolving metapopulation lineage," he says.

To identify those lineages in practice, however, requires finding evidence of interbreeding or patterns of shared traits. Adding such criteria to the concepts is what creates the crazy diversity. Defining the term species is "not the problem," he says. "The problem is in identifying a species."

He calls up a map on his computer from a recent paper a former lab member published on fringe-toed lizards. Colored blobs float over dark lines of a map of the western United States. Three blobs are clearly designated species based on multiple lines of evidence. Three lizard patches, however, are perplexing. Various ways of testing these lizard populations lead to contradictory results.

No matter how badly we want the process of applying a species definition to be clear-cut for all creatures in all cases, "it just isn't," de Queiroz says. And that's exactly what evolutionary biology predicts. Evolution is an ongoing process, with lineages splitting or rejoining at their own pace. Exploring a living, ever-evolving world of life means finding and accepting fuzziness.

This article appears in the November 11, 2017 issue of Science News with the headline, "The fuzzy art of defining species: A vital concept sparks many arguments."

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The funniest thing I've ever said to any botanist was, "What is a species?" Well, it certainly got the most spontaneous laugh. I don't think Barbara Ertter, who doesn't remember the long-ago moment, was being mean. Her laugh was more of a "where do I even start" response to an almost impossible question.

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10/31/17 D.Attenborough video on rise of vertebrates

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10/31/17 D.Attenborough video on rise of vertebrates

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watch as much as you can, it is longer than I thought (almost an hour). write any questions or comments about what struck you in the comment box below the link.

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David Attenborough   Rise of Animals Triumph of the Vertebrates HD

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Remember the old salad dressing commercial tag line "...because oil and vinegar don't mix!" Water has that same love/hate relationship with many other molecules. Through this series of lessons, students will learn about the properties that make other molecules "love" or "hate" water. They will also begin to build a... read more

The structure and function of enzymes is a central theme in cellular and molecular biology. In this laboratory exercise, a crude cell extract is prepared from potatoes. Activity of the enzyme, catalase [which catalyzes the reaction 2H2O2(l) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)], is then studied using a simple assay for O2. To... read more

This lab activity corresponds to CIBT's DNA Molecule Model. Downloads DNA Molecule HS Student Edition (CIBT) DNA Molecule MS Student Edition (CIBT) DNA Molecule Post-Lab Questions (CIBT) Watson & Crick Reading (CIBT) Watson&Crick Reading Qs Student Edition (CIBT) Watson&Crick Reading Qs Teacher Edition (CIBT) DNA Blankenship Notes (CIBT)

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Labs & Activities - Cornell Institute for Biology Teachers

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Remember the old salad dressing commercial tag line "...because oil and vinegar don't mix!" Water has that same love/hate relationship with many other molecules. Through this series of lessons, students will learn about the properties that make other molecules "love" or "hate" water. They will also begin to build a...

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Biology Lesson Plans: Free Labs, Activities, Science Projects

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Biology lesson plans, labs, activities, experiments, and projects for high school life science teachers. Free science curriculum from Lesson Plans Inc

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(the study of different tissues)

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Histology Guide - a virtual histology laboratory with zoomable images of microscope slides and electron micrographs.

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Full list of past and current PBS shows. Find show websites, online video, web extras, schedules and more for your favorite PBS shows.

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The latest news videos covering science, health and technology at ScientificAmerican.com

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The world's leading outlet for cutting-edge research in all areas of science.

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national geographic animal earth water mountain adventure wild attack explorer dog whisperer dogtown cesar milan

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Inspiring people to care about the planet! National Geographic is the world's premium destination for science, exploration, and adventure. Welcome to the National Geographic community, where we bring our stories, images and video to the world in real-time, inviting followers along on our ongoing 135-year journey.

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Upcoming Events

Check our calendar page frequently for information on all upcoming events, including our popular Horses Helping Horses events, spay/neuter programs, adoption promotions, kids programs, and special fundraisers to benefit the animals you see at Nevins Farm!

View Upcoming Events

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Check our calendar page frequently for information on all upcoming events, including our popular Horses Helping Horses events, spay/neuter programs, adoption promotions, kids programs, and special fundraisers to benefit the animals you see at Nevins Farm! View Upcoming Events

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The museum combines historic exhibits drawn from the University’s vast collections with new and changing, multimedia exhibitions. Highlights include Harvard’s famed Blaschka Glass Flowers and Sea Creatures in Glass, New England Forests in the Zofnass Gallery and Marine Life in the Putnam Family Gallery. The museum’s historic Great Mammal Hall displays three huge whale skeletons suspended from the ceiling above bison and a 15-foot tall giraffe. Explore a timeline of our planet’s history, as well as some 3,000 rare minerals and gemstones in the Earth & Planetary Sciences gallery.

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Sunny Meadow Sanctuary - A Massachusetts Animal Sanctuary

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Braveheart, also known as the Lowell Goat, escaped from a Tewksbury slaughterhouse on December 27th and was running and hiding and fending for himself for a month. He was chased in the bitter cold by the police, slaughterhouse personnel, and at least one pack of coyotes.

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Visit - Animal Sanctuary - Mendon, MA - Maple Farm Sanctuary

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Maple Farm Sanctuary is an animal sanctuary providing lifelong homes for abused, abandoned and unwanted farmed animals while promoting veganism and respect for all life through public information.

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Where animals and people thrive

Founded in 1983, New England Wildlife Center is non-profit care-based science education organization. We provide critical veterinary treatment to sick, injured, and orphaned wildlife in need now, and help people of all ages learn how to preserve nature for future generations. Learn more about our mission.

Visit the Center and enjoy nature close to home!

At NEWC, you will find one-of-a-kind opportunities to learn about wildlife and experience nature. Observation windows line the halls of our Jane Carlee Wildlife Hospital at the Center and allow visitors to see the animals receiving care. Interactive exhibits in our Weezie Nature Center, as well as our outdoor tree house and nature trails also provide opportunities to explore local habitats. Get location and hours information.

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New England Wildlife Center | Preserving New England's wild legacy

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Founded in 1983, New England Wildlife Center is non-profit care-based science education organization. We provide critical veterinary treatment to sick, injured, and orphaned wildlife in need now, and help people of all ages learn how to preserve nature for future generations. Learn more about our mission .

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Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University

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Equine Sports Medicine Complex

"It's a facility that makes perfect sense," says Dr. José García-López, associate professor of Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery and director of the Issam M. Fares Equine Sports Medicine Program. "We have always offered excellent care, but this new facility will allow us to do more to meet a growing caseload," he says. "It's a facility that will translate into improved care for our patients and strengthen our teaching and residency training. We've realized the need for an arena for a long time, and now we have the opportunity to take the next natural step in our evolution."

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"It's a facility that makes perfect sense," says Dr. José García-López, associate professor of Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery and director of the Issam M. Fares Equine Sports Medicine Program. "We have always offered excellent care, but this new facility will allow us to do more to meet a growing caseload," he says.

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http://slideplayer.com/slide/7761681/

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Taxonomy (the classification and relationships between living things)

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Taxonomy (the classification and relationships between living things)

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https://www.slideshare.net/MrsStroud/u6-l3-ppt-classification-of-living-things

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What is evolution and how does it work? Evolution 101 provides the nuts-and-bolts on the patterns and mechanisms of evolution. You can explore the following sections: An introduction to evolution Evolution briefly defined and explained The history of life: looking at the patterns How does evolution lead to the tree of life?

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flexible and optional!

1. diversity of living things;

organization of living things

taxonomy; how do we classify them?

2. evolution and development of different species

3. basic structures AND how do they differ across species comparative anatomy?

1. cells

1. tissues

2. organs

2. organ systems

4. Adaptation and Relationships between species

biomes

pop geography

5. Organisms relationships: symbosis, communalism,

6. Animal behavior

7. Population geography - human population variations, impacts, changes over time, future estimates.

8. Diseases (bacteria, viruses, genetic disease, physiological aspects of disease, historical understanding, virology)

9. Current News topics/articles

10. Immune system and body systems to learn about how drugs (alcohol, marijiana, cocaine, meth, nicotine) interact with the body systems.  How do therapy drugs and medicines work in the body?

11. Plants: structure and function, types, ecology systems

12. Biological chemistry

13. Invertebrates and their systems (diff. w/ mammals)