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This spectrum ranges from gamma rays as short as the diameter of an atom to radio waves over a mile long. The narrow band of wavelengths visible to the human eye extends from the shorter waves of blue-violet light to the longer waves of red light

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Amygdala- neural centers in the limbic system linked to emotion
Hippocampus- a structure in the limbic system linked to memory
(Both part of the limbic system as well as the hypothalamus is included)

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Brain stem consists of:
- reticular formation: helps control arousal
- medulla: controls heartbeat and breathing
- pathway for neaural fibers traveling to and from brain; controls simple reflexes
Thalamus:
Relays messages between lower brain centers and cerebral cortex

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The structure consists of the cerebral cortex, limbic system, and brain stem.
Structure:
-glial cells (glia)- cells in the nervice system that support, nourish, and protect neurons
- frontal lobes- involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements
- parietal lobes- receives sensory input for touch and body position
- occipital lobes- includes the visual areas, which receive visual information from the opposite visual field
- temporal lobes- includes the auditory areas, each of which receives auditory information primarily from the opposite ear

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Controls maintanance functions such as eating: helps govern endocrine system; linked to emotion and reward

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Waves vary in wavelength, the distance between successive peaks. Frequency is the number of complete wavelengths that can pass a point in given time, which depends on the wavelength. Waves also vary in amplitude, which determines the intensity of colors and sounds.

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When it comes to vision, humans and bees are on different wavelengths. The bee detects reflected ultraviolet wavelengths, which lets them see pollen.

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There are no receptor cells where the optic nerve leaves the eye. This creates a blind spot.

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Most cells in the visual cortex respond only to particular features.

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Brain constructs various processes
While looking at the Becker cube, it provides a fairly constant stimulation in your retina (perception) so your view changes ever couple of seconds.

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Illusory triangle
Simulated neautal networks respond to the illusory triangle as humans do— as if it was a real connected triangle.

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Color, motion, form, depth
Detecting all of them at once

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People who suffer red-green deficiency have trouble perceiving the number within the design
(Aka Color blindness)
People are not actually color blind, they only lack red and/or green sensitive cones

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Afterimage effect
After leaving the receptor cells, visual information is analyzed in terms of the opponent colors red and green, blue and yellow, and black and white. In the retina and in the thalamus some neurons are turned “on” by red but turned “off” by green, or vise versa.

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Color Depends on Context/Color Constancy

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Color Depends on Context/Color Constancy

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The three blue circles are all the same shade/color
Color constancy- perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object