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Dressler, K. (Photographer). (1996). Nuphar Luteum [Photograph] Available from http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/yellow_pond_lily.htm

Fcps (2016). Fairfax Count Public Schools. Accessed May 13, 2016. Available from: http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/yellow_pond_lily.htm

Food Chain [Graph]. Available from http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/microbes-and-the-outdoors/food-chain

Fox, A. (Photographer). (1998). Nurphar Luteum [Photograph]. Available from http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/yellow_pond_lily.htm

Logistic Population Growthm [Graph]. Available from https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/population-and-community-ecology-45/environmental-limits-to-population-growth-251/logistic-population-growth-930-12186/

Man-made rock pond with lily pads [Photograph]. Available from http://www.stockphotosagency.com/beautiful-water-lily-pictures/index.html

[Photograph of a graph of yellow pond lily]. Available at http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=NULU

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|   Common Duckweed
|   Common Cattail
|   Lizard's Tail
|   Pickerelweed
|   Arrow Arum
|   Common Reed
|   Green Algae
|   Long-leaf Pondweed
|   Hydrilla
|   Greater Bladderwort
|   Marsh Bulrush

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Trophic levels are organisms in an ecosystem that are in the same position in the food chain. In this food chain, the trophic levels are separated by consumers either being primary, secondary or tertiary.

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Once the Yellow pond lilly is introduced to an ecosystem (pond, lake, river). Population will grow exponentially until that hitting a limit of some kind, such as a part of the river being uninhabitable because of current. Once the lily population can expand no more, it has reached carrying capacity for that environment.

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Biotic Factors are all of the living organisms that occupy a certain area and could interact with each other. This is also the definition of community.

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Abiotic factors are the things that affect the ecosystem that aren't living things. In this specific example, water lilies are found in ponds and some of the abiotic factors in ponds' ecosystems are the temperature, salinity and flow of the water. Another abiotic factor is the percentage of oxygen that is dissolved in the water which determines what kinds of organisms will grow there. Water lilies depend on realitivly calm fresh waters with a neutral pH.

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What Does It mean to be a Primary Producer?

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What Does It mean to be a Primary Producer?

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Primary producers are the first stage in energy transformation in the community. They convert fully decomposed matter and sunlight back into energy. They input this energy back into their community by being food for various amphibious mammals, birds, insects turtles and snails.

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|   Largemouth Bass
|   Channel Catfish
|   Bluegill
|   Creek Chub
|   American Eel
|   Black Crappie
|   Bullfrog
|   Ebony Jewelwing
|   Southern Leopard Frog
|   Green Darner
|   Crayfish
|   Asian Tiger Mosquito
|   Copperhead
|   Northern Water Snake
|   Common Snapping Turtle
|   Eastern Painted Turtle
|   Water Flea
|   Common Carp
|   Muskrat
|   Rotifer
These animals come from various Trophic levels and simply use the lily and lily pad as shelter. though there is no energy transfer, these animals depend on the lily as part of the community.

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|   Beaver
|   Muskrat
|   Wood Duck
|   Mallard
|   Canada Goose
|   Common Snapping Turtle
|   Stagnant Pond Snail
|   Crane Fly
|   Eastern Painted Turtle
When these animals eat the lily, they are on the receiving end of the energy transfer form plant to animal. They are primary consumers.

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The nutrients available in the soil / water and energy from the sun.

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A Pond which Appears to be at Carrying Capacity of Lilies

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A Pond which Appears to be at Carrying Capacity of Lilies

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This is a map of the areas in the United States that contain these plants. notice that New Hampshire is filled. These plants are common on campus.

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Yellow water lilies provide food and habitat for a diverse group of animals.

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The dispersion pattern of water lilies are usually clumped within a certain area. The reason for this pattern is their method of reproduction. They spread though a type of seed dispersal called hydrochory which is the dissemination of seeds by water. Basically, the lilies reproduce by releasing seeds into the water that end up dropping to the bottom of the pond and grow in a nearby location. eventually the stems reach up to the top of the pond and form a clumped group of lilies (each of the above clusters comprises of an individual plant). These plants often overlap forming cluttered masses (see third image on the page). Thus, places of shallow lake floor become forested by liliy pads.

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Logistic Growth is when a population of a certain species has limits on the resources needed for their population to continue to grow. These resources depend on the species but generally are food sources, space in their environment, and amount of predators in their environment.

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populations of water lilies encounter many limits which inhibit population growth beyond a certain point. The ponds in which they grow are of limited size and thus they cannot inhabit space beyond the pond (see above image). Another limit is one that we've learned about called herbivory; various aquatic organisms (listed above) eat water lilies. In situations where these populations become too great, the water lilies can eaten to the point of destruction.

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Plants and lilies specifically are type III survivorship because they produce many seeds and only a small amount end up growing to their full life expectancy. most other plants are in this category.

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Water lilies are primary producers, meaning that they form the first step in the food web. They convert fully decomposed matter and sunlight back into energy. They input this energy back into their community by being food for various amphibious mammals, birds, insects turtles and snails.

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Aquatic

Water lilies live in fresh water areas and live among other fresh water plant species which are listed below.

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Rishaun & Will