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This piece was released online on June 12, 2012, but it was originally published 15 years prior in "the Scholar." The online publication comes shortly after the author, Brian Doyle, released it as the lead piece in a collection of  his essays, called "One Long River of Sound: Notes on Wonder." He published these essays about the everyday things in life only a few years before he passed away.

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The writer for Joyas Voladoras is Brian Doyle. He was an established essay and article writer who died at the age of 60 in 2017. Doyle was an editor for University of Portland’s Portland Magazine. The author might have been emotionally distraught since the passage talking about love and emotional connections to death and memories before death. Doyle speaks on the life of a certain animals. The author had two children and a wife named Jackie Aronson who might have influenced the writing of an emotional piece of literature such as Joyas Voladoras.

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The motivating force behind this piece is likely that Doyle learned of the hummingbird and its heart and found it fascinating how swiftly a hummingbird could die because of its tiny, fragile heart. This fact likely made him feel a higher level of appreciation for life, and that appreciation likely compelled him to write the piece in hopes of sharing his thoughts about the fragility of life with the world.

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The audience is the well respected followers of Brian Doyle. Since Doyle was an editor, there were many people reviewing his work. According to an article, Brian Doyle had a cult like following.

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In his 2012 passage, author and editor Brian Doyle asserts that the heart is a fascinating yet fragile piece in all living beings. Doyle develops this assertion by describing the unique aspects of different animals' hearts, characterizes the importance of the heart daily, and compares the heart of a hummingbird to a whale to a human. Doyle's purpose is to describe the heart in its many forms in order to express the fragility and preciousness of the heart and of life itself. Doyle establishes a passionate and emotional tone with his audience of dedicated followers and fellow literary devotees to instill a deep emotional connection with them and ultimately heighten their appreciation for life.

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Doyle appeals to the readers' senses of emotion by using metaphors about how "we open windows to each but we live alone in the house of the heart" (6). This evokes a sense of loneliness and isolation that would make readers feel a more personal connection to the text. Similar emotions are evoked when Doyle lists off personal experiences that could break the hearts of anyone who has had experiences with them. He speaks of "a woman’s second glance, a child’s apple breath, the shatter of glass in the road, the words I have something to tell you..." (6), which are all things that the reader could likely relate some sort of personal experience to. This fosters a deep emotional connection between the reader and the piece, ultimately resulting in the piece having a much greater effect on the reader's emotions.

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Doyle begins this piece by listing off many interesting facts about the hummingbird and its life. Then, he compares the hummingbird to other animals and specifically the differences in their hearts. To close it off, Doyle describes life as a holistic subject and expresses a belief that everyone’s hearts and lives are fragile, regardless of how many (metaphorical) walls they build up to protect themselves from being hurt.

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Doyle's purpose is to describe the heart in its many forms (that of a hummingbird, a whale, and everything in between) in order to express the fragility of the heart and of life itself and inspire readers to recognize that life is precious and should not be taken for granted.

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Features (devices - figurative & syntactical, word choice, sentence structure)

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Features (devices - figurative & syntactical, word choice, sentence structure)

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“A hummingbird’s heart beats ten times a second. A hummingbird’s heart is the size of a pencil eraser. A hummingbird’s heart is a lot of the hummingbird”(1).  The use of repetition emphasizes the importance of life-- a hummingbird's heart beats extremely fast, and that leads to them having a significantly shorter lifespan. The introduction of the hummingbird helped introduce the animal for the rest of the passage since it was the main animal mentioned.

“To drive those metabolisms they have race-car hearts that eat oxygen at an eye-popping rate”(3). The purpose of comparing the hearts of a hummingbird to a race-car is to express the “mad heart”. Using such language provides the reader a vivid image and description to the life of this animal in order to understand the nature of life and death in comparison to other animals mentioned later in the passage. This expressed an in depth explanation to the fact that every animal has  “approximately two billion heartbeats”(3).

“Mammals and birds have hearts with four chambers. Reptiles and turtles have hearts with three chambers. Fish have hearts with two chambers. Insects and mollusks have hearts with one chamber. Worms have hearts with one chamber, although they may have as many as eleven single-chambered hearts”(5). The use of parallelism to provide information of the hearts of different animals is to clarify a clear understanding of the importance of hearts in these amazing creatures. Each one needs a heart in order to be considered living. Whether it contains one chamber or four chambers, the heart is the core of the animals. The purpose is to connect the valuable hearts to life.

“We are utterly open with no one in the end—not mother and father, not wife or husband, not lover, not child, not friend”(6). This quote uses parallelism  to emphasize how individuals place a wall between the pain and exposure of emotions. The openness is never truly open, and this is expressed by the line “no one in the end”(6). This evokes a sense of vulnerability and puts up a façade.

“felled by a woman’s second glance, a child’s apple breath, the shatter of glass in the road, the words I have something to tell you, a cat with a broken spine dragging itself into the forest to die, the brush of your mother’s papery ancient hand in the thicket of your hair, the memory of your father’s voice early in the morning echoing from the kitchen where he is making pancakes for his children”(6). The use of asyndeton helps emphasize the comparison to the humming bird and blue whale. Doyle evokes a connection to these generalized events that every individual experiences to relate to the positive and negative sides to the vulnerability of a heart. It's not just physical, but it can leave an emotional toll too.

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Brian Doyle built up an unhappy and heartbreaking tone throughout the passage. Using the lifespan and impact of a hummingbird's heart, Doyle creates a sorrow tone to create sympathy for these creatures. This emphasizes the point where he explains that every creature contains 2 billion heartbeats in a lifetime. They choose whether to spend them fast or slow, and this directly correlates to the lifespan of such animals. There were no changes of tone during the tone because it all talked about solemn topics. The key works Doyle used are : "silent"(2) and "scarred"(6).