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Aiden Moore
In June 1961, a burglary occurred at the Bay Harbor Pool Room in Panama City, FL. Police arrested Clarence Earl Gideon when he was found close to there with some change in his pockets and a pint of wine. Gideon could not afford a lawyer so he asked the Florida Circuit Court Judge to appoint him one arguing that the Sixth Amendment entitles everyone a lawyer. The Judge denied his request and Gideon was left to represent himself. He did a poor job defending himself and ended up in jail. Gideon began studying law while he was in prison. Gideon believed his rights were violated. From his prison cell, he wrote a petition asking the U.S. Supreme Court to hear his case and they agreed. The Court ruled in his favor stating that the Sixth Amendment entitles all state courts to appoint a lawyer.

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Marcia Cauthore
The case was about how Plessy refused to sit in a car with blacks. rejecting that his constitutional rights where violated. And the court ruled that whites and blacks segregation  was not unconstitutional. as a result restrictive Jim Crow legislation and separate public accommodations based on race became commonplace.
it was ruled to be not unconstitutional of racial segregation law.

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Berkley Young
The issue of this case, was that a slave was moved into a prohibited slave state. Dred Scott, the former slave,  tried to sue Sanfords wife, after he died. At the beginning of the case, judges aside with Sanford, because in the constitution an African American was not a citizen, so they had no jurisdiction to hear the case. They judge then decided to move this case to a lower federal court. Article lll, in section 2 states that "between citizens of different states", they must hear out the case. The consitution stated that slaves, were not citizens meaning, that white people had all the respect. They concluded that an act of congress prohibited citizens from "owning slaves in the territories" it isn't warranted by the constitution, and meaning it is void. The Dred Scott v Sanford case is unconstitutional. Dred Scott won the case with the extent of being a free man.