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◦ Name (and its origin): Georgia was named in honour of King George II of England.
◦ Date established: 1732
◦ Founder/Governor: James Edward Oglethorpe
◦ Founded (Why?):  motivated by the idea of creating a defensive buffer for South Carolina, an increasingly important colony with many potential enemies close by. These enemies included the Spanish in Florida, the French in Louisiana and along the Mississippi River, and these powers' Indian allies throughout the region.  Oglethorpe envisioned a colony which would serve as a haven for English subjects who had been imprisoned for debt.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): Atlanta
◦ Key figures: James Edward Oglethorpe
◦ Major religion: Puritans/ Lutherans/Quakers
◦ Resources/Economy: mainly based off of plantations which grew indigo, rice, and sugar. Slavery did not come until James Oglethorpe took away the ban on slavery due to constant complaints from the settlers.
◦  Other info:  The colony of Georgia was the last of the formally founded colonies.

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- Officially named Province of New York
- The New York Colony was originally a Dutch colony called New Amsterdam, founded by Peter Minuit in 1626 on Manhattan Island. In 1664 the Dutch surrendered the colony to the English and it was renamed New York, after the Duke of York.
- Established in 1664
- Founded by Peter Minuit
- Capital city: New York
- Key figures: Peter Minuit, Henry Hudson
- Major religion: Protestantism, but as New York was situated between the Puritan colonies of New England and the catholic colony of Maryland, the settlers were of many faiths. They had considerable religious freedom.
- The economy in the New York Colony was based on the natural resources and raw materials available to develop trade in corn and wheat and livestock including beef and pork. Other industries included the production of iron ore, hemp, iron bars, horses, lumber, coal, textiles, furs and shipbuilding.
- One of the Breadbasket colonies
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- Originally named Province of New Hampshire
- It was named after the county of Hampshire in England. The English county of Hampshire was named after an old English word “Hamtun.”
- Established in 1638
- Founded by Captain John Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorges
- It was founded to creat a fishing colony
- Capital city: Portsmouth, Exeter
- Key figures: Captain John Mason, Sir Ferdinando Gorges
- Major religion: Puritanism
- Major industry in the New Hampshire Colony included fishing, livestock farming, potato farming, manufacturing of textiles and building ships.

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- Its name originated from  the name Plym Mouth, meaning "mouth of the River Plym" was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211
- Established in 1620
- Founded by a group of Puritan Separatists initially known as the Brownist Emigration, who came to be known as the Pilgrims
- Capital city: Plymouth
- Key figures: William Bradford, William Brewster, and Miles Standish
- Major religion: part of the Puritans movement
- The economy based on fur trade. They could barely produce enough food for themselves.

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- Officially named Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
- The meaning of the name is "red island" referring to the red clay that lined the shore
- Established in 1636
- Founded by Roger Williams and other colonists, such as Anne Hutchinson at Providence
- Founded to guarantee religious and political freedom for religious refugees from the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Capital city: Providence, Newport
- Key figures: Roger Williams, Adrian Block
- Major religion: none. Baptists, Quakers, Jews and other minorities - there was a religious freedom.
- The economy was historically based overwhelmingly on industry, with agriculture, mining, forestry, and fishing making only small contributions. The state's leading manufactured products were jewelry, silverware, machinery, primary metals, textiles, and rubber products.
- The Rhode Island Colony was home to the first Jewish synagogue and the first Baptist church in the New World.

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- Officially named Providence of Massachusetts Bay
- It was named after an Algonquian tribe, the Massachusett, which translates to something along the lines of "people of the great hill" or "at the place of large hills," referring to the famous Blue Hills.
- Established in 1620
- Founded by a group of about 1,000 Puritan refugees from England under Gov. John Winthrop and Deputy Gov. Thomas Dudley
- Founded because the Puritans strongly dissented from the theology and church polity of the Church of England, and they came to Massachusetts for religious freedom

- Capital city: Salem, Charlestown, Boston
- Key figures: John Winthrop, Thomas Dudley
- Major religion: Puritanism
- The economy depended on the shipbuilding, fishing, fur, and lumber trades

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- Officially named Connecticut Colony
- The name Connecticut was derived from an Indian word meaning 'river whose water is driven by tides or winds'
- Established in 1636
- Founded by Governor John Haynes and Puritan minister Thomas Hooker
- Founded because the Dutch established the first trading post on the Connecticut River valley in what is now the town of Hartford and it was a part of the general movement out of the Massachusetts colony
- Capital city: Hartford + New Haven
- Key figures: Governor John Haynes, Thomas Hooker
- Major religion: Puritans
- The economy was based on timber products, the fur trade, maple syrup, copper, livestock products, horses, rum, whiskey and beer. In towns along the coast, the colonists made their living fishing, whaling, shipbuilding and shipping.

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- Officially named Province of New Jersey
- The name originated from the British island named Jersey
- Established in 1664
- Founded by Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley
- Founded because in 1664 James, the Duke of York, received control of New Netherland, then he sent a small English force to blockade the harbor at New Amsterdam and later on it was granted land to two of his friends, Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret
- Capital City: Elizabethtown (1664–1673), Perth Amboy and Burlington (1702–1783)
- Key figures: Sir George Carteret, Lord Berkeley, Richard Nicolls
- Major religion: religious tolerance and freedom. Mainly Catholics, Jews, Lutherans, and Quakers
- The economy was based on agriculture and trading. The colonists would trade fur, tar, pitch, wood products and horses.
- One of the Breadbasket colonies
- New Jersey is also referred to as the Garden State

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- Officially named Province of Pennsylvania
- The name originated from Admiral Penn, and means Penn's Woods
- Established in 1681
- Founded by British Quaker William Penn
- Founded because Charles II of England granted the Province of Pennsylvania to William Penn to settle a debt of £16,000 that the king owed to Penn's father
- Capital city: Philadelphia
- Key figures: William Penn, King Charles II, Benjamin Franklin
- Major religion: Quaker
- The economy revolved around wheat, grain and agriculture
- One of the Breadbasket colonies

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◦ Name (and its origin): named after the King James I
◦ Date established: 1607
◦ Founder/Governor: King James I
◦ Founded (Why?): The colony was a private venture, financed and organized by the Virginia Company of London. The company’s plan was to reward investors by locating gold and silver deposits and by finding a river route to the Pacific Ocean for trade with the Orient.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): Jamestown
◦ Key figures: Powhatan, John Smith, James I
◦ Major religion: The settlers at Jamestown were members of the Anglican faith, the official Church of England.
◦ Resources/Economy: Agriculture played a dominant role, tobacco
◦ Other info: The first permanent English settlement in North America.

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◦ Name (and its origin): named after the historical Roanoke Carolina Algonquian people who inhabited the area in the 16th century at the time of English exploration.
◦ Date established: 1585
◦ Founder/Governor: Sir Walter Raleigh
◦ Founded (Why?): an ambitious attempt by England's Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a permanent North American settlement with the purpose of harassing Spanish shipping, mining for gold and silver, discovering a passage to the Pacific Ocean, and Christianizing the Indians.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): -
◦ Key figures: Sir Walter Raleigh, Ralph Lane, John White
◦ Major religion: -
◦ Resources/Economy: an abundance of fruit and natural resources
◦ Other info: The Roanoke Colony was located on Roanoke Island off the coast of North Carolina. The land was considered part of Virginia at the time. It became known as the Lost Colony due to the unexplained disappearance of its population.

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◦ Name (and its origin): named after the Delaware River whose name was derived from that of Sir Thomas West (Lord de la Warr) who was Virginia Company's first governor.
◦ Date established: 1664
◦ Founder: Peter Minuit
◦ Founded (Why?): to establish a colony in the New World.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): New Castle
◦ Key figures: William Penn, Thomas West
◦ Major religion: Quakers, Catholics, Jews, and Lutherans.
◦ Resources/Economy: The Delaware Colony was often referred to as the breadbasket colony. The colony grew a lot of wheat (which is used to make bread), and after being ground into four it was exported to England. Natural resources in the Delaware Colony included farmland, forest (timber), coal, furs, fish, and iron ore.
◦ Other info: The first state to ratify the US Constitution; due to its constant change, Delaware became an eclectic society with various religious beliefs and cultures.

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◦ Name (and its origin): Officially the colony is said to be named in honor of Queen Henrietta Maria, the wife of King Charles I. Some Catholic scholars believe that George Calvert named the province after Mary, the mother of Jesus.
◦ Date established: 1632
◦ Founder/Governor: Cecil Calvert
◦ Founded (Why?): as a safe haven for English Catholics fleeing anti-Catholic persecution in Europe.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): Annapolis
◦ Key figures: Lord Baltimore
◦ Major religion: originally founded solely as a haven for Catholics; to avoid conflict between majority Protestants and minority Catholics in the colony, Calvert instituted a progressive religious policy called The Maryland Toleration Act that allowed all Christians, regardless of sect, to freely worship in Maryland. He also chose not to establish an official religion for the colony.
◦ Resources/Economy: Natural resources in the Maryland Colony included forests, fish, and good farming land. Plantations grew tobacco, cotton, corn, vegetables, grains, and fruit. Livestock was also commonly raised.
◦ Other info: In 1649, Maryland passed the Maryland Toleration Act, the first law in the New World designed to encourage religious tolerance.

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◦ Name (and its origin): named after England's Queen Elizabeth I, in honor of "The Virgin Queen".
◦ Official name: Colony and Dominion of Virginia
◦ Date established: 1607
◦ Founder/Governor: John Smith and other colonists including John Rolfe backed by the London Company
◦ Founded (Why?): Virginia was founded primarily for the purpose of profit by the joint-stock owned Virginia Company of London. It was also important in giving England territorial claims in America to match Spanish and French expansion, and to also give England markets and resources in the New World.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): Jamestown
◦ Key figures: John Smith, John Rolfe, Pocahontas
◦ Major religion: mainly consisted of Anglican Christians; supported other Christian religions, but not the traditional beliefs of the Indians or their African slaves
◦ Resources/Economy: many natural resources including forests, fish, and agricultural land; trade and export included tobacco, cotton, livestock, fruit, grain, and vegetables.
◦ Other info: It was the very first of the original 13 colonies in America. Disease, conflicts with Indians, and hunger almost destroyed Jamestown but new settlers arrived in 1610 with supplies and the colony began to thrive.

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◦ Name (and its origin): the word Carolina is from the Latin word for Charles (Carolus). The state was named in honor Charles IX of France and then King Charles I and King Charles II of England.
◦ Official name: Province of North Carolina
◦ Date established: 1663
◦ Founder/Governor: Edward Hyde
◦ Founded (Why?): originally bought and run by eight proprietors, who agreed to help King Charles retain his throne in exchange for the colony.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): Raleigh
◦ Key figures: King Charles II, Edward Hyde
◦ Major religion: no dominating religion; settlers were free to worship as Catholics, Anglicans, Jews, Baptists or whichever they chose to believe.
◦ Resources/Economy: Farming and agriculture were extremely important to the settlers because of the warm climate and vast farmland. Natural resources included forests (timber), fish, and land; common crops grown on plantations and farms included cotton, fruit, grains, vegetables, tobacco, rice, sugar, indigo and livestock.
◦ Other info: North Carolina was made a royal colony in 1729.

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◦ Name (and its origin): the word Carolina is from the Latin word for Charles (Carolus) honoring King Charles I of England.
◦ Official name: Province of South Carolina
◦ Date established: 1663
◦ Founder/Governor: William Sayle
◦ Founded (Why?): to provide money to the king, land to the Nobility, and goods to the Empire.
◦ Hub (capital/main city): Charles Town
◦ Key figures: King Charles II
◦ Major religion: Anglicanism
◦ Resources/Economy: plantations produced rice, indigo and tobacco; economy was dependent upon slave labor that supported large land operations similar to plantations.
◦ Other info: became one of the wealthiest early colonies largely due to exports.