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This chapter demonstrated a variety of issues that students face during adolescence. I found some of the statistics to be rather shocking, but I came away with a better understanding of how severe and impactful some of these issues truly are.

1) The impact each concept had on your thoughts of education?
-The concepts at large were nothing new, but I was not privy to the frequency of such issues. Parts were difficult to believe, especially statistics regarding teenage pregnancy. The text stated that "over 305,000 babies were born to teenagers in 2012" and the topic was put into perspective at that point (Kauchek & Eggen, 2017, p. 41). I realized that issues like sexually transmitted diseases and teenage pregnancies are significant; however, if an education system is operating effectively accommodations and concerned educators can prevent students from dropping out because of them! Issues like obesity and drug abuse can also be addressed and advised against if educators take the time to care for their students. Essentially, you get what you put in.

2) How will you change your classroom based on what you learned?
-I believe that this chapter changed my understanding of how to circumvent such serious issues. When you boil it down, your students aren't just students. They're influenced by so many variables and external factors that you'll have no control over. Though you may not be able to control those facets of their lives, you can have a positive impact on their lives by being concerned with their well-being. I want to treat my students like individuals, not just students. I want them to know that no matter what they might be going through, I'm here for them and I'll be able to adapt their educational experience to fit their specific needs! I will also ask that my students be honest and open with me so that I can assist them in every way imaginable.

3) How will you share this information with others?
-I believe that this information is best shared through experience. I can see myself sharing this information through example and by listening to my colleague's concerns about their students. Empathy goes such a long way in this life, and advising my fellow teachers to always seek empathy within their student's issues is the best I can do with the administration of this content. I will strive to be as supportive and compassionate with my students as possible, as I realize that they're young and they're going to make mistakes. I want to be a role model to my colleagues by supporting my students invariably.

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The content within this chapter is a gold-mine for any educator today. It's all universal and so broad in its application. I got a lot out of learning about the varying programs for English Learners, personally! Most of this content was material I haven't interacted with before this course.

1) The impact each concept had on your thoughts of education?
-As aforementioned, I found the EL programs to be enlightening because I've always wondered how students were selected for particular supports. Additionally, the content on gender was so intriguing! The statistics and supporting information were ostensibly esoteric, but it's backed by research and has offered some statistics in rather broad strokes. For example, research supports that "in math, girls are initially better at basic skills, such as counting, arithmetic computation, and basic concepts. Later during adolescence, boys do better on math tests requiring abstract reasoning. Boys are more confident in their abilities in math, even when achievement levels are the same" (Kauchek & Eggen, 2017, p. 89). The various learning styles were fascinating to me, and it made me realize just how varied these styles of learning are. This whole chapter was enlightening, as I was able to further understand how different students can be in their development and background.

2) How will you change your classroom based on what you learned?
-I will attempt to implement this broadest understanding of this chapter that I can: students are different from one another. Respecting students for their various beliefs, struggles, and ways of conducting themselves is pivotal to treating students as individuals. All will be unique and all will be treated as individuals within my classroom.

3) How will you share this information with others?
-I would like to incorporate an appreciation for the diversity of learning styles and variance in my classroom and within my students. I think that my instilling the value of individuality and crafting a personal perspective will give them tools to further understand themselves and how they interact with the world. I want my students to feel comfortable exploring the world and their identities within my classroom.

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I found this chapter to be difficult to read through at times. It was brutally honest in its outlining of our atrocious neglect towards minority groups throughout our nation's history. I got a lot out of reading the content though, especially from the discussion component of this chapter!

1) The impact each concept had on your thoughts of education?
-From its primitive state of the three R's, readin', 'rithmetic, and 'ritin, education was nothing more than a financial and social privilege for affluent, white males in the colonies (Kauchek & Eggen, 2017, p. 114). Our nation's history within education has been largely motivated and executed through disparaging minorities and it still occurs today. Each population has its own unique, arduous struggles that they're still enduring at the moment. It was rather jarring to be reminded that many of the landmark cases like Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education occurred within the last one-hundred years. These events are still recent in the grander scheme of things, which is so vital to keep in mind. The issues of budgetary equity and financial support within school districts are currently the forms that these issues have manifested in.

2) How will you change your classroom based on what you learned?
-I will try to remain mindful of all our nation's harrowing history and grim status at the moment. We still have a long way to go, and though I want to be optimistic, I'm aware that equity and equality will take so long to achieve. I want to support all of my students in the same compassionate manner, though I will keep the nation's history in the back of my mind. I want to be wary of history repeating itself.

3) How will you share this information with others?
-I will certainly discuss this material with my fellow educators and my students. This information shouldn't be shocking, and it's something we have to grow to accept. Our nation's dark history isn't something that we can just sweep under the rug and pretend that vestiges of our racism and discrimination don't exist at the moment. Rather, I would prefer that we embrace and attempt to rectify our errors, whilst actively preventing them from occurring in the future.

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I found this chapter so fascinating for its variety of perspectives and lenses that one can apply within education! Prior to beginning this program, I'd always seen education as a rather stagnant, albeit linear, field that didn't require philosophical analysis or application; however, this chapter opened my eyes to the wonderful variety of philosophy that one can find within education.

1) The impact each concept had on your thoughts of education?
-Though I found that I resonated with all four of the philosophies provided (Perennialism, Progressivism, Essentialism, Social Reconstructionism), I resonated most with the philosophy of progressivism. This is quite humorous to me at this point, as I began this chapter with perennialism as my favorite, yet I've patiently grown away from this philosophy. When I first read about perenniailsim, I was enthralled with the emphasis on literature analysis (as I'm a huge book worm); however, I realized that the wide ranging applicability of progressivism is difficult to overlook. The fact that progressivism focuses on values such as "real-world problem solving, individual personal development, and developing students holistically: physically, intellectually, socially, and emotionally" is a wonderful way to design an educational program (Kauchek & Eggen, 2017, p. 159).

2) How will you change your classroom based on what you learned?
-I will certainly utilize all four philosophies within my classroom. I don't believe that these lenses or perspectives were designed to be absolute or a panacea. I can see benefits in all four, though for different reasons. The emphasis on literature from perennialism, the problem solving from progressivism, the rudimentary/foundational skill in essentialism, and the focus on social issues within social reconstructionism.

3) How will you share this information with others?
-This isn't necessarily a topic that will come up casually in conversation, but I could see my sharing of this information through application in the classroom or in collaboration. I want to incorporate the objectives and varying orientations within my shared lesson plans, as I feel that this will help diversify the way we administer lessons and the content itself. I think that my fellow teachers would appreciate trying out a new lens should things get a bit stale within our lessons.

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This chapter didn't offer the most intriguing content in my opinion, but I believe that I gained a great deal of insight with regard to where I want to work and what kind of educator I want to be.

1) The impact each concept had on your thoughts of education?
-There were several things within this chapter that I realized I hadn't thought of concerning how a school operates. The administrative staff is something I've have little to no interaction with during my first year as a teacher aid, so it was really beneficial to learn a bit more about their duties within the school. I also realized that the principal is kind of a make or break facet of the team within a school, and if you don't mesh well with this person it can come back to haunt you later on. I realized that I need to stay within an elementary school for a variety of reasons, but the primary one being that they start so much earlier in the morning than the other levels (I'm a morning person!). The last portion of this chapter offered the most insight! There are so many components of a school that I had taken for granted or had never realized that one could have a preference for. Concerning school size, the text recommends that schools be neither too small or too large, as "learning decreases" with one extreme or the other (Kauchek & Eggen, 2017, p. 204). All-in-all, I just came away with a clearer understanding of what I want out of my job, and how to ask better questions when I'm applying to schools in the coming year.

2) How will you change your classroom based on what you learned?
-I think I'll have to cater my lesson plans to whatever my class size and dynamics are, so I must find a school that I think will cater to my teaching style and/or preferences. I will also incorporate a wide variety of interactive instruction in my classroom. I was elated to see that the text praises this practice, as interactive and discussion-based learning is my favorite way to administer a lesson!

3) How will you share this information with others?
-I would point my colleagues towards this chapter in the text, as it offers some wonderful research about community involvement, how to effectively monitor grades, and productively getting students engaged in the lessons (all of which I feel can be improved wherever you go!).

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Kauchek, D and Eggen, P. (2017) Introduction to Teaching. Sixth Edition. Pearson. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.