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A category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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Standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex still cameras and motion picture cameras.

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A type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the taking lens, while the other is used to take photos from above the waist level.

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Photographic process used with currently available black-and-white films. A suspension of silver salts in gelatin is coated onto a support such as glass, flexible plastic or film, baryta paper, or resin-coated paper.

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Larger format is used when taking the photo and uses a 4x5 or 8x10 film size in larger cameras.

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collect, exhibit, research and maintain the photo collection at a museum.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum

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to using elements of a scene to create a frame within your frame.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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The exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line
may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or
abstract.

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to
height and width.

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An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value,
and intensity.
• Hue: name of color
• Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value
changes when white or black is added)
• Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high
intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity=
color is faint and dull)

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An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses
volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a
sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free
flowing.

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An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look
as if they might feel if touched.

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the
lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway
between these extremes is called middle gray.

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An element of art by which positive and negative areas are
defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

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the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was a scale, these elements should be balanced to make a design feel
stable. In symmetrical balance, the elements used on one side of the design are
similar to those on the other side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides are different
but still look balanced. In radial balance, the elements are arranged around a central
point and may be similar.

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the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the
work of art.

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the feeling of harmony between all parts of the work of art, which creates a sense of completeness

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the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well with each other. When drawing the human figure, proportion can refer
to the size of the head compared to the rest of the body.

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the part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention. Usually the
artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The area could be different in size, color, texture, shape, etc.

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the repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art.

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the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.

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a line that splits an object in half and, if both sides of the object are an exact mirror image of each other

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which the parts of an object or picture are regularly arranged and radiate from a central point

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When an image is symmetrically balanced, that symmetry is initially obvious to the viewer.

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an act or instance of placing two elements close together or side by side.

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Composed of one color

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depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature. Cool colors are not overpowering and tend to recede in space. For this reason, cool colors typically make a space seem larger.

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used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature. Warm colors are those that tend to advance in space and can be overwhelming.

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Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined or mixed, cancel each other out by producing a grayscale color like white or black. When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those two colors.

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don't usually show up on the color wheel. neutral Colors include black, white, gray, and sometimes brown and beige. They are sometimes called “earth tones.”

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mentally dividing up your image using 2 horizontal lines and 2 vertical lines, as shown below.

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It is a step up from using the Rule of Thirds that will add more power and meaning to your images. With the Rule of Thirds, we divide the frame in two horizontal lines intersecting with two vertical lines.

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refers to a technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image.

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refers to the main focus of a picture, while negative space refers to the background. When used creatively and intelligently, positive and negative space together can tell a story using visual composition alone.

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is the space around and between the subject(s) of an image. Negative space may be most evident when the space around a subject, not the subject itself, forms an interesting or artistically relevant shape

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impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice.

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the creative or artistic process. The aim is to make a personal interpretation, a composition to capture and create an image with style

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the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments, in a friendly manner rather than an oppositional one.

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is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression which identifies products or services of a particular source from those of others

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about the moral principles that people work with. ... 'Correctness' or acceptable conduct is one of the outcomes

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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was originally a pair of paintings hinged together. ... In photography the diptych has become a popular format. Pairs of closely associated portraits, images or themed pictures are often used to off-set one another.

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The image shown above is a triptych of pictures in one image. The origin of the term applied to three paintings on hinged wooden panels. They could fold into each other making a flat carrying pack.

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They are the smallest unit of information that makes up a picture. Usually round or square, they are typically arranged in a 2-dimensional grid.

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The blue hour occurs before sunrise in the morning and after sunset in the evening. The sun has dipped a certain amount below the horizon.

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the golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

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images are stored as a digital file or the format of a file

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A camera raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, a motion picture film scanner, or other image scanner.

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file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data.

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Joint Photographic Experts Group."JPEG is a popular image file format. It is commonly used by digital cameras to store photos since it supports 2²⁴ or 16,777,216 colors.

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Joint Photographic Experts Group."JPEG is a popular image file format. It is commonly used by digital cameras to store photos since it supports 2²⁴ or 16,777,216 colors.

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In a digital camera where the camera's software fully controls all aspects of the photograph, from the shutter speed to the aperture setting to the focus.

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a camera allows the photographer to determine the exposure of an image by letting them select an aperture value and a shutter speed value. ... These modes give the user control of either aperture or shutter speed, while letting the camera determine the remaining setting for best exposure.

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often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions

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the user manually chooses a shutter speed setting while the camera automatically adjusts the aperture for each shot.

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means that the camera still sets the exposure for you. It chooses the correct aperture and shutter speed for the light available, so your shot is correctly exposed

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measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The same principles apply as in film photography – the lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain.

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is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera.

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granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons.

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is a scale created by the American Standards Association, but it is no longer widely used

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is an electronic device that converts an optical image into an electronic signal. It is used in digital cameras and imaging devices to convert the light received on the camera or imaging device lens into a digital image.

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digital single-lens reflex camera is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor.

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a set of data describing and providing information about rights and administration of an image.

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for a small image representation of a larger image, usually intended to make it easier and faster to look at or manage a group of larger images.

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Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.

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stabilization technology that minimizes blur caused by camera shake.

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specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something.

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is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings

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predicts a photo's exposure, relative to the standard exposure, taken with the current meter reading and using the current exposure settings

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several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

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used to alter exposure from the value selected by the camera, making photographs brighter or darker

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the "aperture" opening of a camera lens, which allows light to come in. It also determines how much is in focus in front of and behind the subject

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is the unit of measurement that defines the size of the opening in the lens that can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or digital sensor.

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bokeh is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light

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is the distance between the closest and farthest objects in a photo that appears acceptably sharp.

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is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters

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shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph.

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that is used when seeking to use a shutter speed of more than 30 seconds. Generally, this would be used in extremely low light situations, such as taking photos of the night sky.

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is the apparent streaking of moving objects in a photograph or a sequence of frames, such as a film or animation.

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the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images.

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is used to stabilize and elevate a camera, a flash unit, or other photographic equipment.

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adjusting colors so that the image looks more natural. We go through the process of adjusting colors to primarily get rid of color casts, in order to match the picture with what we saw when we took it.

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very low level of ambient light but just enough blueness to the sky to give interest to the scene.

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means your subject is standing in the shade so direct sunlight is not hitting him, but he is looking out of the shade toward the open sky.

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day produces really soft light that can be flattering on the human face. ... Sometimes Most of the time overcast light is actually pretty boring and removes any and all contrast from your scene.

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refers to an artificial lighting source (like a lamp or ceiling fixture) that emits heat and produce a “warmer” or reddish colour. It is distinguished from fluorescent lighting (which generates much lower heat), and strobe lighting.

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This mode is used for getting brighter and warmer shots while compensating for the cool shade of fluorescent light.

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producing a flash of artificial light (typically 1/1000 to 1/200 of a second) at a color temperature of about 5500 K to help illuminate a scene.

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a usage or practice common to many or to a particular place or class or habitual with an individual

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is used to describe the darkest parts of an image. ... Manipulation of the lighting and exposure of shadow within an image can be used to add or remove darkness from a scene, dramatically altering the overall feel and depth of a photograph.

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That range of tones which lie between highlights with detail and shadows with detail.

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a bright spot in a photograph. Normally it is assumed to be one of the brightest points in the image. Highlights are normally created by a bright or intense illumination or by various forms of diffusion or reflection. Highlights are created by any bright light source.

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is a form of photographic print toning – a tone added to a black and white photograph in the darkroom to “warm” up the tones (though since it is still a monochromatic image it is still considered black and white).

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editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image. ... There are more and more camera which have come into market which can capture RAW files. Raw files has much more data at pixel level which and help in post processing and enhancing the image.

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slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.