# data[].attributes.headline
How has terrorism impacted developed and developing nations in the contemporary world?

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How has terrorism impacted developed and developing nations in the contemporary world?

# data[].attributes.body
Governmental responses to terrorist
activities
• Surveillance
• Review of privacy rights
• Security at ports and airports
• Identification badges and photos

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What are some examples of international terrorism in our world today that have impacteddeveloped and developing nations?

# data[].attributes.subject
What are some examples of international terrorism in our world today that have impacteddeveloped and developing nations?

# data[].attributes.body
Examples of international terrorism
• Munich Olympics
• Terrorist attacks in the United States
(e.g., 9/11/2001) motivated by
extremism (Osama bin Laden).
• Car bombings
• Suicide bombers
• Airline hijackers

# data[].attributes.headline
How is economic interdependence changing the world?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is economic interdependence changing the world?

# data[].attributes.body
Economic interdependence
• Role of rapid transportation,
communication, and computer
networks
• Rise and influence of multinational
corporations
• Changing role of international
boundaries
• Regional integration, e.g., European
Union
• Trade agreements, e.g., North
American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA), World Trade
Organization (WTO)
• International organizations, e.g.,
United Nations (UN), International
Monetary Fund (IMF)

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What impact are economic development and rapid population growth having on the environment?

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What impact are economic development and rapid population growth having on the environment?

# data[].attributes.body
Relationship between economic and political freedom
• Free market economies produce rising standards
of living and an expanding middle class, which
produces growing demands for political
freedoms and individual rights. Recent examples
include Taiwan and South Korea.

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How does the developing world compare with the developed world in terms of economic, socialand population characteristics?

# data[].attributes.subject
How does the developing world compare with the developed world in terms of economic, socialand population characteristics?

# data[].attributes.body
Contrasts between developed and developing
nations
• Geographic locations of major developed and
developing countries
• Economic conditions
• Social conditions (literacy, access to health care)
• Population size and rate of growth
Factors affecting environment and society
• Economic development
• Rapid population growth

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What new technologies have created opportunities and challenges?

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What new technologies have created opportunities and challenges?

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Impact of new technologies
• Widespread but unequal access to
computers and instantaneous
communications
• Genetic engineering and bioethics

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What are some challenges faced by the contemporary world? 

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What are some challenges faced by the contemporary world? 

# data[].attributes.body
Migrations of refugees and others
• Refugees as an issue in international
conflicts
• Migrations of “guest workers” to
European cities
Ethnic and religious conflicts
• Middle East
• Northern Ireland
• Balkans
• Horn of Africa
• South Asia

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What was the role of Golda Meir and Gamal Abdel Nasser in the creation of the states in theMiddle East?

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What was the role of Golda Meir and Gamal Abdel Nasser in the creation of the states in theMiddle East?

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Golda Meir
• Prime Minister of Israel
• After initial setbacks, led Israel to
victory in Yom Kippur War
• Sought support of United States
Gamal Abdul Nasser
• President of Egypt
• Nationalized Suez Canal
• Established relationship with Soviet
Union
• Built Aswan High Dam

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What were the results of the United Nations’ decision to end the mandate system in terms ofstates created (locations) and their subsequent problems?

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What were the results of the United Nations’ decision to end the mandate system in terms ofstates created (locations) and their subsequent problems?

# data[].attributes.body
Mandates in the Middle East
• Established by the League of Nations
• Granted independence after World
War II
• Resulted in Middle East conflicts
created by religious differences
French mandates in the Middle East
• Syria
• Lebanon
British mandates in the Middle East
• Jordan (originally Transjordan)
• Palestine (a part became independent
as the State of Israel)

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What was Nelson Mandela’s leadership role in South Africa?

# data[].attributes.subject
What was Nelson Mandela’s leadership role in South Africa?

# data[].attributes.body
• South Africa: Black South Africans’
struggle against apartheid led by
Nelson Mandela, who became the first
black president of the Republic of
South Africa

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What was Jomo Kenyatta’s leadership role in Kenya?

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What was Jomo Kenyatta’s leadership role in Kenya?

# data[].attributes.body
• Kenya (Britain): Violent struggle
under leadership of Jomo Kenyatta

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Why did independence movements in Africa gain success after WWII?

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Why did independence movements in Africa gain success after WWII?

# data[].attributes.body
The independence movement in Africa
• Right to self-determination (U.N.
charter)
• Peaceful and violent revolutions after
World War II
• Pride in African cultures and heritage
• Resentment of imperial rule and
economic exploitation
• Loss of colonies by Great Britain,
France, Belgium, and Portugal;
influence of superpower rivalry during
the Cold War

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What were the outcomes of the Indian independence movement?

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What were the outcomes of the Indian independence movement?

# data[].attributes.body
Evolution of the Indian independence
movement
• British rule in India
• Indian National Congress
• Leadership of Mohandas Gandhi
• Role of civil disobedience and passive
resistance
• Political division along Hindu-Muslim lines —
Pakistan/India
• Republic of India
– World’s largest democratic nation
– Federal system, giving many powers to the states

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Who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and what tactics did he use?

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Who was a leader of the Indian independence movement and what tactics did he use?

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Indian democracy
• Jawaharlal Nehru, a close associate of Gandhi,
supported western-style industrialization.
• 1950 Constitution sought to prohibit caste
discrimination.
• Ethnic and religious differences caused
problems in the development of India as a
democratic nation.
• New economic development has helped to ease
financial problems of the nation

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What roles did Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping play in major events in the second half of the 20th Century?

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What roles did Indira Gandhi, Margaret Thatcher, Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping play in major events in the second half of the 20th Century?

# data[].attributes.body
Indira Gandhi
• Closer relationship between India
and the Soviet Union during the
Cold War
• Developed nuclear program
Margaret Thatcher
• British prime minister
• Free trade and less government
regulation of business
• Close relationship with United States
and U.S. foreign policy
• Assertion of United Kingdom’s
military power
Mikhail Gorbachev
• Glasnost and perestroika
• Fall of the Berlin Wall
• Last president of Soviet Union
Deng Xiaoping
• Reformed Communist China’s
economy to a market economy
leading to rapid economic growth
• Continued communist control of
government

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How did the Cold War influence conflicts in Eastern Asia after WWII?

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How did the Cold War influence conflicts in Eastern Asia after WWII?

# data[].attributes.body
Conflicts and revolutionary
movements in China
• Division of China into two nations at
the end of the Chinese civil war
• Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi):
Nationalist China (island of Taiwan)
• Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong):
Communist China (mainland China)
• Continuing conflict between the two
Chinas
• Communist China’s participation in
Korean War
Conflicts and revolutionary
movements in Vietnam
• Role of French Imperialism
• Leadership of Ho Chi Minh
• Vietnam as a divided nation
• Influence of policy of containment
• The United States and the Vietnam
War
• Vietnam as a reunited communist
country today

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• containment: A policy for preventing
the expansion of communism

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What were the causes and consequences of the collapse of the Soviet Union?

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What were the causes and consequences of the collapse of the Soviet Union?

# data[].attributes.body
Collapse of communism in the Soviet
Union and Eastern Europe
• Soviet economic collapse
• Nationalism in Warsaw Pact countries
• Tearing down of Berlin Wall
• Breakup of the Soviet Union
• Expansion of NATO

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Beginning of the Cold War (1945–
1948)
• The Yalta Conference and the Soviet
control of Eastern Europe
• Rivalry between the United States and
the U.S.S.R.
• Democracy and the free enterprise
system vs. dictatorship and
communism
• President Truman and the Policy of
Containment
• Eastern Europe: Soviet satellite
nations, the Iron Curtain

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What were the international cooperative organizations created after WWII?

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What were the international cooperative organizations created after WWII?

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International Cooperative Organizations
• United Nations
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
• Warsaw Pact

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How did the Allies promote reconstruction of the defeated powers?

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How did the Allies promote reconstruction of the defeated powers?

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Efforts for reconstruction of Germany
• Democratic government installed in West Germany and West Berlin
• Germany and Berlin divided among the four Allied powers
• Emergence of West Germany as economic power in postwar Europe
Efforts for reconstruction of Japan
• United States occupation of Japan under MacArthur’s administration
• Democracy and economic development
• Elimination of Japan’s military offensive capabilities; guarantee of
Japan’s security by the United States
• Emergence of Japan as dominant economy in Asia

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the trial of persons charged with criminal violation of the laws and customs of war and related principles of international law committed during armed conflict

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Outcomes of World War II
• Loss of empires by European powers
• Establishment of two major powers in the world: The United States
and the U.S.S.R.
• War crimes trials
• Division of Europe, Iron Curtain
• Establishment of the United Nations
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• Marshall Plan
• Formation of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and
Warsaw Pact