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Stages of the Education System:

Pre-School Education: Optional kindergarten education, up to 6 years of age.
Primary Education: Compulsory and free basic education for eight years (5 years elementary + 3 years secondary), 6-14 years of age.
Secondary Education: 4 years of High School (Lise), or Vocational High School education, 15-17/18 years of age. Some schools might have an additional year of language study.
Higher Education: 4 years of University, or 2 years at Higher Vocational Schools.

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Grading in High Schools The grading system used to be on a scale of 0-10, “10” being the highest. Nowadays, a scale of 0-5 is used, “5” being the highest. All examinations, homework assignments and projects are currently judged on a five-point grading scale
Numeric                  Letter              Description
5                               A                   Very good
4                               B                       Good
3                               C                     Average
2                               D                     Passing
1                               E                      Failure
Grading at Universities
Some universities use a scale of 0-100, "100" being the highest, whereas others use the typical American A-F scale where GPA is calculated on a scale of 4.00. The letter grades, coefficients and percentage equivalents are given below.
Percentage             Course Grade               Coefficient
90-100                          AA                                4
85-89                             BA                               3.5
80-84                             BB                                 3
75-79                             CB                                2.5
70-74                             CC                                  2
65-69                             DC                                1.5
60-64                             DD                                 1
50-59                              FD                               0.5
49 and below                FF                                   0
The student's achievement is measured in the form of a Grade Point Average (GPA). The total credit points for a course are obtained by multiplying the coefficient of the final grade by the credit hours. In order to calculate the GPA for any given semester, the total credit points are divided by the total credit hours.

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Private or Foundation Universities (Ozel / Vakif Universiteleri): In Turkey, private foundations obtained the right in 1984 to establish and develop universities. They were established with the fundamental aim of creating a centre of excellence in higher education and research. Private universities take more active initiatives to form and to select international and global educational and research networks.The medium of instruction in most private universities is English. Almost all have one year of English study for those whose level of English is not found to be proficient upon entrance.Private universities charge tuition fee ranging from USD 6,000-20,000. Although private institutions, they offer considerable financial aid; more than 40% of all students receive some sort of financial aid.

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Private or Foundation Universities (Ozel / Vakif Universiteleri): In Turkey, private foundations obtained the right in 1984 to establish and develop universities. They were established with the fundamental aim of creating a centre of excellence in higher education and research. Private universities take more active initiatives to form and to select international and global educational and research networks.The medium of instruction in most private universities is English. Almost all have one year of English study for those whose level of English is not found to be proficient upon entrance.Private universities charge tuition fee ranging from USD 6,000-20,000. Although private institutions, they offer considerable financial aid; more than 40% of all students receive some sort of financial aid.

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Types of High SchoolsPublic High Schools (“Normal Liseler” or “Duz Liseler”): Graduates of public high schools, if successful in the nationwide University Entrance Examination (ÖSS), can go onto higher education institutions. Graduates are awarded with the Lise Diploması.Vocational High Schools (Meslek Liseleri): Some of these schools may take an additional year to complete. Graduates can automatically go on to higher vocational schools (Meslek Yüksek Okulları - 2 Year Vocational Colleges) in their respective fields of study if they wish. Alternatively, if successful in the university entrance examination, they can go onto 4-year schools in their respective fields.years of regular high school education, additional hours for English. Math and Science lessons at these schools are sometimes taught in English. 

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Types of High SchoolsPublic High Schools (“Normal Liseler” or “Duz Liseler”): Graduates of public high schools, if successful in the nationwide University Entrance Examination (ÖSS), can go onto higher education institutions. Graduates are awarded with the Lise Diploması.Vocational High Schools (Meslek Liseleri): Some of these schools may take an additional year to complete. Graduates can automatically go on to higher vocational schools (Meslek Yüksek Okulları - 2 Year Vocational Colleges) in their respective fields of study if they wish. Alternatively, if successful in the university entrance examination, they can go onto 4-year schools in their respective fields.years of regular high school education, additional hours for English. Math and Science lessons at these schools are sometimes taught in English. 