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Political tension in the 1860's was very high. Republicans wanted to help slaves who had been freed and give them rights. The Democrats were mostly southern and they wanted the slaves to figure things out on their own.

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Carpetbaggers came from the North to the South during the 1800's to help Southerners set up factories. They also came to reap the benefits of cheap labor.

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Poor southerners were upset about the slaves being freed because the only thing keeping them separated from that point on was the color of their skin. The the social balance was disrupted. They believed that freed slaves would steal their jobs and make life harder for them.

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Elite white southerners were mad about slaves being freed because slaves were their free labor. They made massive amounts money off of slaves. They didn't have to pay anyone to work for them and they sold the products from the labor and they made money.

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The slaves were happy that they were freed, but they were also afraid. They had never been on their own in society like they were now and they were hated by a lot of the people that surrounded them. They were granted rights and were able to do things like own land and vote. They were happy about this, but they were treated very badly and their rights were restricted.